Reference health
An overview of conversion of residues from coal liquefaction processes
21/21 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
17 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 21 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1002/cjce.21647
An overview of solid–liquid separation of residues from coal liquefaction processes
resolves10.2516/ogst:2007002
Physicochemical Characterization of Petroleum Fractions: the State of the Art
resolves10.1016/S0016-2361(03)00072-3
Characteristics of residues from thermal and catalytic coal hydroliquefaction☆
resolves10.1016/j.cattod.2007.10.069
Hydro-treatment of a direct coal liquefaction residue and its components
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2005.05.016
Additive effect of tyre constituents on the hydrogenolyses of coal liquefaction residue
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2007.04.014
Sulfur transfers from pyrolysis and gasification of direct liquefaction residue of Shenhua coal
resolves10.1016/0016-2361(94)P4327-X
Application of petroleum processing technology to the upgrading of coal syncrude
resolves10.1016/S0016-2361(97)00048-3
Thermal cracking of coal residues: Kinetics of asphaltene decomposition
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2006.08.004
A review of recent advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua
resolves10.1016/0378-3820(88)90025-2
Hydroconversion of coal tars: effect of the temperature of pyrolysis on the reactivity of the tars
resolves10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.01.013
Hydrogenation of heavy liquids from a direct coal liquefaction residue for improved oil yield
resolves10.1021/ie970152b
Characterizing Petroleum Vacuum Residue by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Fractionation
The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedASME http://files.asme.org/asmeorg/Communities/Technical/Energy/16089.pdf2010.
no DOI — not checkedD.Gray G.Tomlinson A.Elsawy 10 Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference PA USA 1993.
no DOI — not checkedW. A.Leet D. C.Cronauer DOE 32(3) American Chemical Society LA USA1988.
no DOI — not checkede_1_2_10_19_1
no DOI — not checkede_1_2_10_20_1
no DOI — not checkedHydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residual
no DOI — not checkedExxonMobil. Flexicoking including fluid coking brochure ExxonMobil Research and Engineering 2002.
no DOI — not checkede_1_2_10_24_1
no DOI — not checkedPetroleum Refining Processes
no DOI — not checkede_1_2_10_27_1
no DOI — not checkedPetroleum Refining Processes
no DOI — not checkedJ. H.Edwards “Ch 3 Review of the CSIRO flash pyrolysis project. A review of direct coal liquefaction research in Australia” CSIRO. ET/IR995R 2007.
no DOI — not checkedJ. H.Edwards Smith I. W.Smith R. J.Tyler “Oil from coal: the CSIRO flash pyrolysis process” in Chemeca 86: Fourteenth Australasian Chemical Engineering Conference Adelaide S.A. August 19–22 1986. Institution of Chemical Engineers Institution of Engineers Australia Royal Australian Chemical Institute Melbourne1986 p.193.
no DOI — not checkedG.Phillips F.Liu “Advances in Resid upgradation technologies offer refiners cost‐effective options for zero fuel oil production” Proceedings of European Refining Technology Conference Paris 2002.
no DOI — not checkedAdvanced direct liquefaction concepts for PETC generic units
no DOI — not checkedTechnology Status Report: Coal Liquefaction
no DOI — not checkedHydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residual
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