Reference health

Direct C‐2 Carboxylation of 3‐Substituted Indoles Using a Combined Brønsted Base Consisting of LiO‐<i>t</i>Bu/CsF/18‐crown‐6

https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202000272
CiteStamped reference-health badge
74/74 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

5 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 74 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1039/b502162f
Simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit
resolves10.1002/anie.200901843
Catalytic Functionalization of Indoles in a New Dimension
resolves10.1002/ange.200901843
Katalytische Funktionalisierung von Indolen in einer neuen Dimension
resolves10.1021/cr900211p
Marine Indole Alkaloids: Potential New Drug Leads for the Control of Depression and Anxiety
resolves10.1021/jm5000112
Optimization of Chemical Functionalities of Indole-2-carboxamides To Improve Allosteric Parameters for the Cannabinoid Receptor 1 (CB1)
resolves10.1021/jo402593w
Total Synthesis of Ellipticine Quinones, Olivacine, and Calothrixin B
resolves10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.065
A review on recent developments of indole-containing antiviral agents
resolves10.1038/ncomms6933
Using carbon dioxide as a building block in organic synthesis
resolves10.1039/c0cs00129e
Transition-metal-catalyzed C–C bond formation through the fixation of carbon dioxide
resolves10.1002/anie.201803186
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Carboxylation Reactions with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1002/ange.201803186
Übergangsmetallkatalysierte Carboxylierungen mit Kohlendioxid
resolves10.1039/c3sc51070k
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)–copper-catalysed transformations of carbon dioxide
resolves10.3762/bjoc.14.221
Cobalt- and rhodium-catalyzed carboxylation using carbon dioxide as the C1 source
resolves10.1007/3418_2015_110
Transition Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Organic Substrates with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1021/cs300448v
Catalytic C–H Carboxylation of Terminal Alkynes with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1007/s11244-014-0301-9
Making C–C Bonds from Carbon Dioxide via Transition-Metal Catalysis
resolves10.1039/C7CC05978G
Chemical reduction of CO <sub>2</sub> facilitated by C-nucleophiles
resolves10.1002/cssc.201700205
Photochemical Carboxylation of Activated C(sp<sup>3</sup>)−H Bonds with CO<sub>2</sub>
resolves10.1002/cssc.201701058
C−H Carboxylation of Aromatic Compounds through CO<sub>2</sub> Fixation
resolves10.1002/cssc.201802012
C−H Bond Carboxylation with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1055/s-0036-1588403
CO2 = CO + O: Redox-Neutral Lactamization and Lactonization of C–H Bonds with CO2
resolves10.1002/anie.201007883
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Carboxylation of CH Bonds
resolves10.1002/ange.201007883
Übergangsmetallkatalysierte Carboxylierung von C‐H‐Bindungen
resolves10.6023/cjoc201606007
Recent Advance of Transition Metal-Catalyzed Direct C-H Bond Carboxylation with CO<sub>2</sub>
resolves10.6023/cjoc201701031
Recent Progress in the Cyclization Reactions Using Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1021/ja01098a035
Metalation of Indole, N-Methylindole and N-Phenylindole with n-Butyllithium<sup>1a</sup>
resolves10.3987/COM-89-4914
The Directed Lithiation of Isogramine and Subsequent Reactions with Electrophiles in the Preparation of 2-Substitutes Isogramine Derivatives
resolves10.1021/jo00959a018
Syntheses with N-protected 2-lithioindoles
resolves10.1016/S0040-4039(00)98265-0
Carbon dioxide: A reagent for the protection of nucleophilic centres and the simultaneous activation of alternative locations to electrophilic attack.
resolves10.1016/S0040-4020(00)01063-2
Selective C-3 and C-2 lithiation of 1-(2,2-diethylbutanoyl)indole
resolves10.1055/s-2008-1078415
6-<i>Exo</i> Cyclizations of 2-Indolylacyl Radicals: Access to the Uleine Alkaloid Skeleton
resolves10.1039/p19960002331
Magnesiation of indoles with magnesium amide bases
resolves10.1002/asia.201403247
Copper‐Catalyzed Formal CH Carboxylation of Aromatic Compounds with Carbon Dioxide through Arylaluminum Intermediates
resolves10.1039/C4CC06188H
Direct carboxylation of simple arenes with CO <sub>2</sub> through a rhodium-catalyzed C–H bond activation
resolves10.1016/S0040-4039(02)01710-0
Selective lithiation of 2,3-dibromo-1-methylindole. A synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles
resolves10.3390/molecules22111952
Halogen–Metal Exchange on Bromoheterocyclics with Substituents Containing an Acidic Proton via Formation of a Magnesium Intermediate
resolves10.1021/ja061232m
Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aryl- and Alkenylboronic Esters with CO<sub>2</sub>
resolves10.1002/anie.200801857
Carboxylation of Organoboronic Esters Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Complexes
resolves10.1002/ange.200801857
Carboxylation of Organoboronic Esters Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Complexes
resolves10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02871
Co-Catalyzed Direct Addition of Allylic C(sp<sup>3</sup>)–H Bonds to Ketones
resolves10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.062
Photochromic reaction behavior and thermal stability of thiophene-S,S-dioxidized diarylethenes having a benzofuryl group
resolves10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00918
EtAlCl<sub>2</sub>/2,6-Disubstituted Pyridine-Mediated Carboxylation of Alkenes with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1002/chem.201503787
Visible‐Light‐Induced Direct Photocatalytic Carboxylation of Indoles with CBr<sub>4</sub>/MeOH
resolves10.1021/ol101450u
Carbon Dioxide as the C1 Source for Direct C−H Functionalization of Aromatic Heterocycles
resolves10.1039/C6GC00200E
C–H carboxylation of heteroarenes with ambient CO <sub>2</sub>
resolves10.1002/chem.201601114
Carboxylation of Phenols with CO<sub>2</sub> at Atmospheric Pressure
resolves10.1038/nature17185
Carbon dioxide utilization via carbonate-promoted C–H carboxylation
resolves10.1039/C9CC04550C
Kolbe–Schmitt type reaction under ambient conditions mediated by an organic base
resolves10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03601
Transition-Metal-Free Lactonization of sp<sup>2</sup> C–H Bonds with CO<sub>2</sub>
resolves10.1002/anie.201602095
Lactamization of sp<sup>2</sup> C−H Bonds with CO<sub>2</sub>: Transition‐Metal‐Free and Redox‐Neutral
resolves10.1002/ange.201602095
Lactamization of sp<sup>2</sup> C−H Bonds with CO<sub>2</sub>: Transition‐Metal‐Free and Redox‐Neutral
resolves10.1021/ol3025082
Base-Mediated Carboxylation of Unprotected Indole Derivatives with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.3987/COM-14-S(K)94
Lithium tert-Butoxide-Mediated Carboxylation Reactions of Unprotected Indoles and Pyrroles with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1021/ol300958c
Synthesis of 3-Carboxylated Indoles through a Tandem Process Involving Cyclization of 2-Ethynylanilines Followed by CO<sub>2</sub> Fixation in the Absence of Transition Metal Catalysts
resolves10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00884
Cyclic <i>Anti</i>-Azacarboxylation of 2-Alkynylanilines with Carbon Dioxide
resolves10.1002/chem.201805926
Direct Carboxylation of Electron‐Rich Heteroarenes Promoted by LiO‐<i>t</i>Bu with CsF and [18]Crown‐6
resolves10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01386
Double-Carboxylation of Two C–H Bonds in 2-Alkylheteroarenes Using LiO-<i>t</i>-Bu/CsF
resolves10.1039/c2cc35701a
Organocatalytic deprotonative functionalization of C(sp2)–H and C(sp3)–H bonds using in situ generated onium amide bases
resolves10.1016/j.tet.2014.08.054
Use of tetramethylammonium fluoride (TMAF) and alkali metal alkoxides as an activator for catalytic deprotonative functionalization of heteroaromatic C(sp2)–H bonds
resolves10.1039/C4CC02228A
Direct condensation of functionalized sp <sup>3</sup> carbons with formanilides for enamine synthesis using an in situ generated HMDS amide catalyst
resolves10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00247
Catalytic Deprotonative α-Formylation of Heteroarenes by an Amide Base Generated in Situ from Tetramethylammonium Fluoride and Tris(trimethylsilyl)amine
resolves10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00550
Catalytic Amide–Base System of TMAF and N(TMS)<sub>3</sub> for Deprotonative Coupling of Benzylic C(sp<sup>3</sup>)–H Bonds with Carbonyls
resolves10.1002/chem.201901501
Catalytic Alkynylation of Polyfluoroarenes by Amide Base Generated In Situ
resolves10.1248/cpb.c19-00589
Deprotonative Coupling of Pyridines with Aldehydes Catalyzed by an HMDS-Amide Base Generated &lt;i&gt;in Situ&lt;/i&gt;
resolves10.1002/ajoc.201800438
Construction of Biaryl Scaffolds from Iodoarenes and C−H Heteroarenes Using an Amide Base Generated <i>in situ</i> from Aminosilane and Fluoride Anion
resolves10.1248/cpb.c13-00732
&lt;i&gt;In Situ&lt;/i&gt; Protection Methodology in Carbonyl Chemistry
resolves10.1021/ol8019764
Potassium <i>t</i> -Butoxide Alone Can Promote the Biaryl Coupling of Electron-Deficient Nitrogen Heterocycles and Haloarenes
resolves10.1021/cr400274j
Transition-Metal-Free Coupling Reactions
resolves10.1039/c3ra40813b
Recent advances in transition-metal-free direct C–C and C–heteroatom bond forming reactions
resolves10.1246/cl.2012.130
Transition-metal-free Coupling Reactions of Aryl Halides
resolves10.1002/chem.201301583
A Radical Process towards the Development of Transition‐Metal‐Free Aromatic CarbonCarbon Bond‐Forming Reactions
resolves10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01363
Catalytic Lactonization of Unactivated Aryl C–H Bonds with CO<sub>2</sub>: Experimental and Computational Investigation
resolves10.1002/anie.201406103
Catalytic Wittig Reactions of Semi‐ and Nonstabilized Ylides Enabled by Ylide Tuning
resolves10.1002/ange.201406103
Catalytic Wittig Reactions of Semi‐ and Nonstabilized Ylides Enabled by Ylide Tuning
The 5 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedComprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry III
no DOI — not checkedHeterocyclic chemistry
no DOI — not checkedFor details of solvent effects see Table S1.
no DOI — not checkedIn the case that the solution of3a LiO‐tBu CsF and 18‐crown‐6 in DMI was heated under an Ar atmosphere instead of CO2at 150 °C for 15 h a complex mixture of products was formed.
no DOI — not checked1‐Methyl‐3‐phenylindole and 1‐methylindole were also used as a substrate however which did not yield the desired carboxylated products.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

checked 2026-07-23 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record

Embed this badge

Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.

<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1002/ejoc.202000272"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1002/ejoc.202000272/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[![CiteStamped reference-health badge](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1002/ejoc.202000272/badge.svg)](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1002/ejoc.202000272)