Reference health
Chemical looping technology for energy and chemical production
91/91 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-17
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
19 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 91 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/0360-5442(87)90119-8
Evaluation of a chemical-looping-combustion power-generation system by graphic exergy analysis
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Hydrogen Production from Fossil Fuels: Life Cycle Assessment of Technologies with Low Greenhouse Gas Emissions
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.02.018
Techno-economic assessment of CO2 capture at steam methane reforming facilities using commercially available technology
resolves10.1016/j.cherd.2010.10.013
The calcium looping cycle for CO2 capture from power generation, cement manufacture and hydrogen production
resolves10.1039/c2ee03198a
Chemical looping processes for CO2 capture and carbonaceous fuel conversion – prospect and opportunity
resolves10.1002/ceat.201400178
Feasibility of a Co Oxygen Carrier for Chemical Looping Air Separation: Thermodynamics and Kinetics
resolves10.1021/ef201303d
Review of the Recent Chemical Looping Process Developments for Novel Energy and Fuel Applications
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2010.10.034
Coal gasification in CO2 atmosphere and its kinetics since 1948: A brief review
resolves10.1002/ente.201300099
Review of Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU): Thermodynamics, Material Development, and Synthesis
resolves10.1016/j.ces.2007.07.011
Reduction and oxidation kinetics of Mn3O4/Mg–ZrO2 oxygen carrier particles for chemical-looping combustion
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.08.004
CaMn0.875Ti0.125O3 as oxygen carrier for chemical-looping combustion with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU)—Experiments in a continuously operating fluidized-bed reactor system
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.016
Chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling using CuO/ZrO2 with petroleum coke
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.024
Iron-based syngas chemical looping process and coal-direct chemical looping process development at Ohio State University
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.09.014
Operating experience with chemical looping combustion in a 120kW dual circulating fluidized bed (DCFB) unit
resolves10.1016/B978-008044570-0/50122-7
Construction and 100 h of Operational Experience of A 10-kW Chemical-Looping Combustor
resolves10.1021/ie060364l
Chemical Looping Combustion in a 10 kW<sub>th</sub> Prototype Using a CuO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Oxygen Carrier: Effect of Operating Conditions on Methane Combustion
resolves10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.07.001
Syngas combustion in a 500 Wth Chemical-Looping Combustion system using an impregnated Cu-based oxygen carrier
resolves10.1155/2014/412517
Experimental Investigation of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>C</mml:mtext><mml:mtext>a</mml:mtext><mml:mtext>M</mml:mtext><mml:mtext>n</mml:mtext><mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="bold">3</mml:mn><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">−</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Based Oxygen Carriers Used in Continuous Chemical-Looping Combustion
resolves10.1002/aic.11934
A novel dual circulating fluidized bed system for chemical looping processes
resolves10.1021/ie050919x
Chemical-Looping Combustion with NiO and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in a Thermobalance and Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor with Double Loops
resolves10.1016/B978-008044704-9/50238-X
Demonstration of inherent CO2 separation and no NOx emission in a 50kW chemical-looping combustorContinuous reduction and oxidation experiment
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2012.05.010
Chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels – Operation in a 10kW unit with two fuels, above-bed and in-bed fuel feed and two oxygen carriers, manganese ore and ilmenite
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.10.016
Demonstration of chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) process in a 1.5kWth continuously operating unit using a Cu-based oxygen-carrier
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.066
Operation of a 100 kW chemical-looping combustor with Mexican petroleum coke and Cerrejón coal
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.023
Operational experience with a system of coupled fluidized beds for chemical looping combustion of solid fuels using ilmenite as oxygen carrier
resolves10.1021/ef400010s
Iron-Based Coal Direct Chemical Looping Combustion Process: 200-h Continuous Operation of a 25-kW<sub>th</sub> Subpilot Unit
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2012.12.038
Coal direct chemical looping combustion process: Design and operation of a 25-kWth sub-pilot unit
resolves10.1021/ef800275a
Multicycle Study on Chemical-Looping Combustion of Simulated Coal Gas with a CaSO<sub>4</sub> Oxygen Carrier in a Fluidized Bed Reactor
resolves10.1021/ef401365h
Characteristics and CLOU Performance of a Novel SiO<sub>2</sub>-Supported Oxygen Carrier Prepared from CuO and β-SiC
resolves10.1021/ie060232s
Use of NiO/NiAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Particles in a 10 kW Chemical-Looping Combustor
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.018
Long-term integrity testing of spray-dried particles in a 10-kW chemical-looping combustor using natural gas as fuel
resolves10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.009
CaMnO3-δ Made from Low Cost Material Examined as Oxygen Carrier in Chemical-looping Combustion
resolves10.1021/ie303070h
CaMn<sub>0.9</sub>Mg<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> as Oxygen Carrier in a Gas-Fired 10 kW<sub>th</sub>Chemical-Looping Combustion Unit
resolves10.1021/ie900123v
Comparison of Two Ni-Based Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion of Natural Gas in 140 kW Continuous Looping Operation
resolves10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.006
Natural minerals as oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion in a dual circulating fluidized bed system
resolves10.1021/ef900464j
Chemical-Looping Combustion of Petroleum Coke Using Ilmenite in a 10 kW<sub>th</sub>Unit−High-Temperature Operation
resolves10.1016/j.egypro.2013.05.147
Chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels in a 10 kW reactor system using natural minerals as oxygen carrier
resolves10.1016/j.powtec.2012.02.041
Designing and operating a cold-flow model of a 100kW chemical-looping combustor
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.01.048
Chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels – Design and operation of a 100 kW unit with bituminous coal
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.08.004
Experiments on chemical looping combustion of coal with a NiO based oxygen carrier
resolves10.1021/ef900033n
Chemical-Looping Combustion of Biomass in a 10 kW<sub>th</sub>Reactor with Iron Oxide As an Oxygen Carrier
resolves10.1021/ef101318b
Chemical Looping Combustion of Biomass/Coal with Natural Iron Ore as Oxygen Carrier in a Continuous Reactor
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.10.009
Characterization of chemical looping combustion of coal in a 1kWth reactor with a nickel-based oxygen carrier
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.022
The fate of sulphur in the Cu-based Chemical Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) Process
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.09.010
The use of ilmenite as oxygen-carrier in a 500 Wth Chemical-Looping Coal Combustion unit
resolves10.1002/aic.12093
Syngas chemical looping gasification process: Bench‐scale studies and reactor simulations
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2010.08.038
Comparison of carbon capture IGCC with pre-combustion decarbonisation and with chemical-looping combustion
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2009.04.021
Comparative assessment of coal fired IGCC systems with CO2 capture using physical absorption, membrane reactors and chemical looping
resolves10.1021/ef7007002
Investigation of Gasification Chemical Looping Combustion Combined Cycle Performance
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.12.003
Using steam reforming to produce hydrogen with carbon dioxide capture by chemical-looping combustion
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2012.06.088
Continuous high purity hydrogen generation from a syngas chemical looping 25kWth sub-pilot unit with 100% carbon capture
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.170
Hydrogen production from fossil fuels with carbon capture and storage based on chemical looping systems
resolves10.1016/j.cherd.2014.04.001
Reduction and oxidation properties of Fe2O3/ZrO2 oxygen carrier for hydrogen production
resolves10.1016/0038-092X(77)90102-5
Hydrogen production from water utilizing solar heat at high temperatures
resolves10.1016/j.enconman.2007.06.036
Thermodynamic possibilities and constraints for pure hydrogen production by a nickel and cobalt-based chemical looping process at lower temperatures
resolves10.1016/j.enconman.2007.05.019
Thermodynamic possibilities and constraints for pure hydrogen production by iron based chemical looping process at lower temperatures
resolves10.1021/ie201052r
Design and Fluid Dynamic Analysis of a Three-Fluidized-Bed Reactor System for Chemical-Looping Hydrogen Generation
resolves10.1016/0021-9517(81)90010-5
Kinetics of the steam reforming of methane with iron, nickel, and iron-nickel alloys as catalysts
resolves10.1039/C4EE02892A
Shale gas-to-syngas chemical looping process for stable shale gas conversion to high purity syngas with a H
<sub>2</sub>
: CO ratio of 2 : 1
resolves10.1016/0167-2738(95)00019-3
Comparative experimental investigations of the water-splitting reaction with iron oxide Fe1−yO and iron manganese oxides (Fe1−xMnx)1−yO
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.10.020
Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline : advances in thermochemical water splitting
resolves10.1007/978-3-642-02682-9_77
Different Methods of Manufacturing Fe-Based Oxygen Carrier Particles for Reforming Via Chemical Looping, and Their Effect on Performance
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.01.009
Investigations of cycle behaviour of the contact mass in the RESC process for hydrogen production
resolves10.1021/ef202039y
Syngas Chemical Looping Process: Design and Construction of a 25 kW<sub>th</sub> Subpilot Unit
resolves10.1021/ef3020475
Application of the Moving-Bed Chemical Looping Process for High Methane Conversion
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2006.02.004
Synthesis gas generation by chemical-looping reforming in a continuously operating laboratory reactor
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2009.09.033
Syngas and a separate nitrogen/argon stream via chemical looping reforming – A 140kW pilot plant study
resolves10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.11.038
Hydrogen production by chemical-looping reforming in a circulating fluidized bed reactor using Ni-based oxygen carriers
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.02.032
Three-reactors chemical looping process for hydrogen production
resolves10.2172/1767148
Assessment of Hydrogen Production with CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Volume 1: Baseline State-of-the-Art Plants (Final Report)
resolves10.2172/1513277
Quality Guidelines for Energy System Studies: Capital Cost Scaling Methodology
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.01.007
Pressurized chemical-looping combustion of coal with an iron ore-based oxygen carrier
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.07.008
Pressurized chemical-looping combustion of coal using an iron ore as oxygen carrier in a pilot-scale unit
The 19 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedMesserschmittA. Process for producing hydrogen. US Patent No. 971 206 1910.
no DOI — not checkedLaneH. Process for the production of hydrogen. US Patent No. 1 078 686 1913.
no DOI — not checkedLewisWK GillilandEW. Production of pure carbon dioxide. US Patent No. 2 665 972 1954.
no DOI — not checkedBP Statistical Review of World Energy
no DOI — not checkedAnhedenM. Analysis of gas turbine systems for sustainable energy conversion. PhD Thesis Royal Institute of Technology 2000.
no DOI — not checkedConnellDP DunkerleyML LewandowskiDA ZengL WangD FanL‐S StatnickRM. Techno‐economic analysis of a coal direct chemical looping power plant with carbon dioxide capture. In:Proceedings of the 37th International Technical Conference on Clean Coal & Fuel Systems Clearwater FL June 3–7 2012
no DOI — not checkedIPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage
no DOI — not checkedLyngfeltA LecknerB. A 1000 MWthchemical‐looping combustor for solid fuels—discussion of design and costs. In:Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Chemical Looping Gothenburg Sweden September 9–11 2014.
no DOI — not checkedSozinhoT PelletantW StaintonH GuillouF GauthierT. Main results of the 10 kWthpilot plant operation. In:Proceedings of the 2nd International Chemical Looping Conference Darmstadt Germany September 26–28 2012.
no DOI — not checkedPerez‐VegaR AbadA deDiegoLF Garcia‐LabianoF GayanP AdanezJ. Design of a 50 kWthCLC pilot plant with solid fuels. In:Proceedings of the 3rd International Chemical Looping Conference Gothenburg Sweden September 9–11 2014.
no DOI — not checkedMarkstromP LinderholmC LyngfeltA. Operation of a 100kW chemical‐looping combustor with Mexican petroleum coke and Cerrejon coal. In:Proceedings of the 2nd International Chemical Conference Darmstadt Germany September 26–28 2012.
no DOI — not checkedGuH ShenL NiuX GeH ZhongZ. Cement/CaO‐decorated iron ore as oxygen carrier for chemical looping combustion of coal. In:Proceedings of the 3rd International Chemical Looping Conference Gothenburg Sweden September 9–11 2014.
no DOI — not checkedNiuX ShenL GuH SongT. Performance of chemical looping combustion of sewage sludge and phosphorus migration based on hematite oxygen carrier in a 1 kWthreactor. In:Proceedings of the 3rd International Chemical Looping Conference Gothenburg Sweden September 9–11 2014.
no DOI — not checkedStrohleJ OrthM EppleB. Chemical looping combustion of hard coal in a 1 MWthpilot plant using ilmenite as oxygen carrier. In:Proceedings of the 3rd International Chemical Looping Conference Gothenburg Sweden September 9–11 2014b.
no DOI — not checkedCarbon Dioxide Capture for Storage in Deep Geologic Formations
no DOI — not checkedChouV KearinsD TurnerM WoodsM ZoelleA. Quality guidelines for energy system studies: process modeling design parameters. National Energy Technology Laboratories Technical Report DOE/NETL‐2014/051314 2014.
no DOI — not checkedMylesP LankaS LuY. Quality guidelines for energy system studies: specification for selected feedstocks. National Energy Technology Laboratories Technical Report DOE/NETL‐341/011812 2012.
no DOI — not checkedMaJ ZhaoH TianX WeiY RajendranS ZhangY BhattacharyaS ZhengC. Chemical looping combustion of coal in a 5 kWthinterconnected fluidized bed reactor using hematite as oxygen carrier. In:Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Chemical Looping Gothenburg Sweden September 9–11 2014.
no DOI — not checkedAbdulallyI. Alstom's chemical looping combustion proto‐type for CO2capture from existing pulverized coal‐fired power plants. In:Proceedings of Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory CO2Capture Technology Meeting Pittsburgh PA 2011.
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