Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known
work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction,
withdrawal, or removal notice.
The 72 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAllard, D.C., Jr. 1978. Spencer Fullerton Baird and the US Fish Commission: A study in the history of American science. Arno Press, New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedAnonymous. 1862. Fish culture. Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 24: 541–545.
no DOI — not checkedAnonymous. 1868. Fish-culture in America. Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 37: 721–739.
no DOI — not checkedAnonymous. 1874. Collecting salmon spawn in Maine. Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 49: 29–38.
no DOI — not checkedBella, D.A. 1996. Organizational systems and the burden of proof, p. 000–000. In D.J. Stouder, P.A. Bisson, and R.J. Naiman (eds.), Pacific Salmon and Their Ecosystems: Status and Future Options. Chapman Hall, New York.
no DOI — not checkedBotkin, D.B. 1990. Discordant harmonies: A new ecology for the twenty-first century. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedBottom, D.L., T.E. Nickelson, and S.L. Johnson. 1986. Research and development of Oregon’s coastal salmon stocks. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Research Project NA-85-ABD-00111, Annual Progress Report. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedBowen, J.T. 1970. A history of fish culture as related to the development of fishery programs, p. 71–93. In N.G. Benson (ed.), A Century of Fisheries in North America. American Fisheries Society Special Publication no. 7, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedCallicott, J.B. 1991. Conservation ethics and fishery management. Fisheries 16: 22–28.
no DOI — not checkedCobb, J.N. 1930. Pacific salmon fisheries. US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. US Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.
no DOI — not checkedColumbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority. 1989. Review of the history, development, and management of anadromous fish production facilities in the Columbia River Basin. US Fish and Wildlife Service.
no DOI — not checkedEhrenfeld, D. 1991. The management of diversity: a conservation paradoxp. 26–39. In F.H. Bormann and S.R. Kellen (eds.), Ecology, Economics, Ethics: The Broken Circle. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
no DOI — not checkedForest Ecosystem Management Assessment Team. 1993. Forest ecosystem management: An ecological, economic, and social assessment. USDA Forest Service. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedFrissell, C.A. 1992. Cumulative effects of land use on salmonid habitat in southwest Oregon coastal streams. PhD dissertation, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedGlacken, C.J. 1990. Traces on the rhodian shore: Nature and culture in western thought from ancient times to the end of the eighteenth century. Fifth printing. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.
no DOI — not checkedGoode, G.B. 1886. The status of the US Fish Commission in 1884, p. 1139–1180. In Report of the Commissioner for 1884, Part XII. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedGreen, S. and R. B. Roosevelt. 1879. Fish hatching and fish catching. Union and Advertiser Co.’s Book and Job Print, Rochester, New York.
no DOI — not checkedHenjum, M.G., J.R. Karr, D.L. Bottom, D.A. Perry, J.C. Bednarz, S.G. Wright, S.A. Beckwitt, and E. Beckwitt. 1994. Interim protection of late-successional forests, fisheries, and watersheds: National forests east of the Cascade Crest, Oregon and Washington. Eastside Forests Scientific Society Panel. Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
no DOI — not checkedHiggins, E. 1927. The policy of the Bureau of Fisheries with regard to biological investigations, p. 588–598. In E. Higgins (ed.), Progress in Biological Inquiries 1926, Appendix VII, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries for the Fiscal Year ended June 30, 1927, Bureau of Fisheries Document No. 1029. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedHolling, C.S. 1986. The resilience of terrestrial ecosystems: local surprise and global change, p. 292–317. In W.C. Clark and R.E. Munn (eds.), Sustainable Development of the Biosphere. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedJohnson, G. 1914. Stocking Cascade mountain lakes, Part II. The Oregon Sportsman, 11(9): 14–20.
no DOI — not checkedJohnson, S.L. 1984. Freshwater environmental problems and coho production in Oregon. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Information Reports Number 84–11, Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedKagan, H.H. (ed.). 1966. The American Heritage Pictorial Atlas of United States History. American Heritage Publishing Company, Inc., New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedKassiola, J.J. 1990. The death of industrial civilization: The limits to economic growth and the repoliticization of advanced industrial society. State University of New York Press, Albany, New York.
no DOI — not checkedKellog, E.C. 1857. Experiments in artificial fish-breeding. Appendix pages 41–62 in G.P. Marsh, Report Made Under Authority of the Legislature of Vermont on the Artificial Propagation of Fish. Free Press Print, Burlington, Vermont.
no DOI — not checkedKoski, R.O. 1963. Fish distribution, p. 390–396. In C.J. Campbell and F.E. Locke (eds.), Annual Report, Fishery Division, 1963. Oregon State Game Commission, Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedKoski, R. 1969. All about fish stocking. Oregon State Game Commission Bulletin 24(6): 3–6.
no DOI — not checkedKoss, R.A. 1883. Trout and trout culture. Pages 473–476 in Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, Volume III for 1883. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedKuhn, T.S. 1970. The structure of scientific revolutions. Second Edition. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
no DOI — not checkedLichatowich, J.A. 1993. Ocean carrying capacity. Mobrand Biometrics, Inc., Vashon Island, Washington.
no DOI — not checkedLichatowich, J.A. 1996. Evaluating salmon management institutions: the importance of performance measures, temporal scales, and production cycles, p. 69–87. In D.J. Stouder, P.A. Bisson, and R.J. Naiman (eds.), Pacific Salmon and Their Ecosystems: Status and Future Options. Chapman Hall, New York.
no DOI — not checkedLichatowich, J.A. and J.W. Nicholas. In press. Oregon’s first century of hatchery intervention in salmon production: Evolution of the hatchery program, legacy of a utilitarian philosophy, and management recommendations. In Proceedings of the Symposium of Biological Interactions of Enhanced Wild Salmonids, June 1720, 1991. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Pacific Region, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada.
no DOI — not checkedLudwig, D., R. Hilborn, and C. Walters. 1993. Uncertainty, resource exploitation, and conservation: Lessons from history. Science 260: 17 (cont. 36).
no DOI — not checkedMarx, L. 1964. The machine in the garden: technology and the pastoral ideal in America. Oxford University Press, New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedMilner, J.W. 1874. The progress of fish-culture in the United States, p. 523–558. In Report of the Commissioner for 1872 and 1873, Part II. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedMinckley, W.L. and M.E. Douglas 1991. Discovery and extinction of western fishes: A blink of the eye in geologic time, p. 7–17. In W.L. Minckley and J.E. Deacon (eds.), Battle Against Extinction: Native Fish Management in the American West. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
no DOI — not checkedO’Neill, R.V., D.L. DeAngelis, J.B. Waide, and T.F.H. Allen. 1986. A hierarchical concept of ecosystems. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Department of Fisheries. 1903. Annual reports of the Department of Fisheries of the State of Oregon to the Legislative Assembly, twenty-second regular session (for years 1901–1902). Salem, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Department of Fisheries. 1905. Annual reports of the Department of Fisheries of the State of Oregon for the years 1903 and 1904 to the twenty-third Legislative Assembly. Salem, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Department of Fisheries. 1909. Annual reports of the Department of Fisheries of the State of Oregon to the Legislative Assembly, twenty-fifth regular session (for years 1907–1908). Salem, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Department of Fisheries. 1911. Biennial report of the Department of Fisheries of the state of Oregon to the twenty-sixth Legislative Assembly (for years 1909 and 1910). Salem, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Fish and Game Commission. 1917. Biennial report of the Fish and Game Commission of the State of Oregon to the Governor and the Twenty-ninth Legislative Assembly. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Fish and Game Protector. 1894. First and second annual reports of the Fish and Game Protector to the Governor, 1893–1894. Salem, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Fish and Game Protector. 1896. Third and fourth annual reports of the state Fish and Game Protector of the State of Oregon, 1895–1896. Salem, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon State Game Commission. 1946. Dedication. Oregon State Game Commission Bulletin 1(1): 1. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon State Game Commission. 1950. Biennial report of the Oregon State Game Commission, 1949–1950. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon State Game Commission. 1952. Annual report, Fishery Division, 1951. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon State Game Commission. 1958. Photos then and now, p. 24–25. In Oregon State Game Commission Biennial report, 1957–1958. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon State Game Commission. 1962. Fish production and stocking, p. 14–16. In Oregon State Game Commission Biennial report, 1961–62. Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedOregon Wildlife Commission. 1974. Historical highlights. Oregon Wildlife 29(1): 6–7.
no DOI — not checkedOrr, D.W. 1992. Ecological literacy: Education and the transition to a postmodern world. State University of New York Press, Albany, New York.
no DOI — not checkedRegier, H.A. and G.L. Baskerville. 1986. Sustainable redevelopment of regional ecosystems degraded by exploitive development, p. 75–103. In W.C. Clark and R.E. Munn (eds.), Sustainable Development of the Biosphere. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedReiger, J.F. 1986. American sportsmen and origins of conservation. Revised Edition. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
no DOI — not checkedRich, W.H. and H.B. Holmes. 1928. Experiments in marking young chinook salmon on the Columbia River, 1916 to 1927. Bull. US Bureau of Fisheries 44: 215–264.
no DOI — not checkedRich, W.M. 1939. Local populations and migration in relation to the conservation of Pacific salmon in the western states and Alaska. Contribution No. 1. Fish Commission of Oregon, Portland, Oregon.
no DOI — not checkedRicker, W.E. 1948. Methods of estimating vital statistics of fish populations. Indiana University Publications Science Series No. 15. Bloomington, Indiana.
no DOI — not checkedRicker, W.E. 1972. Hereditary and environmental factors affecting certain salmonid populations, p. 19–160. In R.C. Simon and PA. Larkin (eds.), The Stock Concept in Pacific Salmon. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
no DOI — not checkedRivinus, E.F. and E.M. Youssef. 1992. Spencer Baird of the Smithsonian. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedSmiley, C.W. 1884. What fish culture has first to accomplish, p. 65–68. ln Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission for 1884, Volume IV. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedSmith, H.M. 1896. A review of the history and results of the attempts to acclimatize fish and other water animals in the Pacific states, p. 379–472. In Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission for 1895, Volume XV. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedSmith, H.N. 1950. Virgin land: the American West as symbol and myth. Vintage Books, New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedteinberg, T. 1991. Nature incorporated: Industrialization and the waters of New England. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York.
no DOI — not checkedStone, L. 1901. Domesticated trout: How to breed and grow them. Sixth Edition. Cape Vincent, New York.
no DOI — not checkedThompson, W.F. 1919. The scientific investigation of marine fisheries, as related to the work of the Fish and Game Commission in Southern California. US Fishery Bulletin No. 2. State of California Fish and Game Commission, Sacramento.
no DOI — not checkedUnited States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. 1874a. Concluding remarks, p. lxxvii-lxxxiii. In Report of the Commissioner for 1872 and 1873, Part II. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedUnited States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. 1874b. Reports of special conferences with the American FishCulturists’ Association and State Commissioners of Fisheries, p. 757–773. In Report of the Commissioner for 1872 and 1873, Part II. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedUnited States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. 1879. Propagation of food fishes, p. 18–45. In Report of the Commissioner for 1877, Part V. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedUnited States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. 1880. Human agencies as affecting the fish supply, and the rellation of fish culture to the American fisheries, p. xlv-lvii. In Report of the Commissioner for 1878, Part VI. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedUnited States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. 1887. Courtesies to foreign countries, p. xxxviii-xlii. In Report of the Commissioner for 1885, Part XIII. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedVogt, K. 1857. Artificial fish breeding, p. 22–52 (appendix). In G.P. Marsh, Report Made Under Authority of the Legislature of Vermont on the Artificial Propagation of Fish. Free Press Print, Burlington, Vermont.
no DOI — not checkedWebb, W.P. 1957. The American West, perpetual mirage. Harper’s Magazine 214: 25–31.
no DOI — not checkedWorster, D. 1977. Nature’s economy: A history of ecological ideas. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York.
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