Reference health
Windbreaks in North American agricultural systems
54/54 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-26
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
42 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 54 checked references that resolve
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Influence of Tall Wheatgrass Wind Barriers on Soil Drying<sup>1</sup>
resolves10.2527/jas1986.6251240x
Winter Grazing Activity and Forage Intake of Range Cows in the Northern Great Plains
resolves10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400010034x
Physiological Responses to Wind and Sandblast Damage by Grain Sorghum Plants<sup>1</sup>
resolves10.1071/EA02004
Field measurements of windbreak effects on airflow, turbulent exchanges and microclimates
resolves10.1093/ee/22.3.519
Role of Movement in the Response of Natural Enemies to Agroecosystem Diversification: A Theoretical Evaluation
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Impact of a natural enemy overwintering refuge and its interaction with the surrounding landscape
resolves10.1080/00221589.1982.11515043
The Effects of Irrigation and of Shelter from Wind on Emergence of Carrot and Cabbage Seedlings
resolves10.1017/S0021859600077005
The effects of weather, seed rate and cultivar on lodging and yield in winter wheat
resolves10.1016/0167-8809(88)90028-X
17. Influences of shelterbelts on wildlife management and biology
resolves10.1023/A:1021314927209
Windbreaks in southern Patagonia,Argentina: A review of research on growth models, windspeed reduction, and effects oncrops
resolves10.1016/0167-8809(88)90006-0
1. Effects of windbreaks on turbulent transport and microclimate
resolves10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb05543.x
Influence of Mechanical Stress on Auxin‐Stimulated Growth of Excised Pea Stem Sections
resolves10.1023/A:1006071821948
Effect of shelter on temperate crops: a review to define research for Australian conditions
resolves10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183X002200020017x
Influence of Windbreak‐Shelter on Soybean Growth, Canopy Structure, and Light Relations<sup>1</sup>
resolves10.1016/0167-8809(88)90044-8
30. Influence of wind and windbreaks on local dispersal of insects
resolves10.1111/j.1365-3040.1986.tb01731.x
Influence of polishing and abrasion on the diffusive conductance of leaf surface of Festuca arundinacea Schreb.
resolves10.1126/science.267.5201.1117
Environmental and Economic Costs of Soil Erosion and Conservation Benefits
resolves10.1080/00224561.1990.12456540
Effect of tree root-pruning adjacent to windbreaks on corn and soybeans
resolves10.1016/0002-1571(66)90029-X
Microclimate, air mixing and physiological regulation of transpiration as influenced by wind shelter in an irrigated bean field
resolves10.2134/agronj1966.00021962005800030020x
Wind and Sandblast Injury to Seedling Green Beans<sup>1</sup>
resolves10.1071/EA02008
Characterisation of a windbreak system on the south coast of Western Australia. 2. Crop growth
resolves10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<2206:NSOSEO>2.0.CO;2
Numerical Simulations of Shelterbelt Effects on Wind Direction
resolves10.1007/BF00120076
On three-dimensionality of shelterbelt structure and its influences on shelter effects
resolves10.1016/S0168-1923(02)00017-5
Estimation of the three-dimensional aerodynamic structure of a green ash shelterbelt
The 42 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAnderson V.L. and Bird J. 1993. Effects of shelterbelt protection on performance of feedlot steers during a North Dakota winter. 1993 Beef Production Field Day, Carrington Res. Ext. Ctr., Livestock Unit. Vol 16: 19 – 21. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
no DOI — not checkedAtchison F.D. and Strine J.H. 1984. Windbreak protection for beef cattle. Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service Publication No. L-708, Manhattan, KS.
no DOI — not checkedBaldwin C.S. 1988. The influence of field windbreaks on vegetable and specialty crops. Agric Ecosyst Environ 22 /23: 159 – 163.
no DOI — not checkedBird P.R. 2000. Farm forestry in southern Australia–a focus on clearwood production of specialty timbers. Pastoral and Veterinary Institute, Dept. Natural Resources and Environment, Victoria, Australia, 264 pp.
no DOI — not checkedBrandle J.R., Hintz D.L. and Sturrock J.W. 1988. Windbreak Technology. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, 598 pp.
no DOI — not checkedBrandle J.R., Hodges L. and Stuthman J. 1995. Windbreaks and spe-cialty crops for greater profits. pp. 81–91. In: Rietveld W.J. (ed.), Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems: Symposium proceedings. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rpt. RM-GTR-261.
no DOI — not checkedBrandle J.R., Hodges L. and Wight B. 2000. Windbreak practices. pp. 79 – 118. In: Garrett H.E., Rietveld W.E. and Fisher R.F. (eds), North American agroforestry: An Integrated Science and Practice. Am. Soc. Agronomy, Madison, WI.
no DOI — not checkedBrandle J.R., Johnson B.B. and Dearmont D.D. 1984. Windbreak economics: The case of winter wheat production in eastern Nebraska. J Soil Water Conserv 39: 339–343.
no DOI — not checkedBrandle J.R., Wardle T.D. and Bratton G.F. 1992b. Opportunities to increase tree planting in shelterbelts and the potential impacts on carbon storage and conservation. pp. 157–176. In: Sampson N.R. and Hair F. (eds), Forests and Global Change, Vol. 1. Opportun-ities for Increasing Forest Cover. American Forests, Washington, DC.
no DOI — not checkedBurke S. 1998. Windbreaks. Inkata Press, Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
no DOI — not checkedCaborn J.M. 1957. Shelterbelts and Microclimate. Forestry Com-mission Bull. No. 29. Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, 135 pp.
no DOI — not checkedCleugh H.A. and Hughes D.E. 2002. Impact of shelter on crop mi-croclimates: A synthesis of results from wind tunnel and field experiments. Aust J Exp Ag 42: 679–70 1.
no DOI — not checkedCleugh H.A., Prinsley R., Bird P.R., Brooks S.J., Carberry P.S., Crawford M.C., Jackson T.T., Meinke H., Mylius S.J., Nuberg I.K., Sudmeyer R.A. and Wright A.J. 2002. The Australian Na-tional windbreaks program: Overview and summary of results. Aust J Exp Ag 42: 649–664.
no DOI — not checkedDix M.E., Johnson R.J., Harrel M.O., Case R.M., Wright R.J., Hodges L, Brandle J.R., Schoenberger M.M., Sunderman N.J., Fitzmaurice R.L., Young L.J. and Hubbard K.G. 1995. Influence of trees on abundance of natural enemies of insect pests: A review. Agroforest Syst 29: 303–311.
no DOI — not checkedDronen S.I. 1984. Windbreaks in the Great Plains. North J Appl For 1: 55 – 59.
no DOI — not checkedDroze W.H. 1977. Trees, Prairies, and People: A History of Tree Planting in the Plains States. USDA For. Serv. and Texas Woman’s University Press, Denton, TX, 313 pp.
no DOI — not checkedEasterling W.E., Hays C.J., Easterling M.M., and Brandle J.R. 1997. Modeling the effect of shelterbelts on maize productivity under climate change: An application of the EPIC model. Agric Ecosyst Environ 61: 163–176.
no DOI — not checkedGrace J. 1977. Plant Response to Wind. Academic Press, London. Grace J. 1981. Some effects of wind on plants. pp. 31 – 56. In: Grace J., Ford E.D. and Jarvis P.G. (eds), Plants and their Atmospheric Environment, Blackwell Scientific Publishers, Oxford.
no DOI — not checkedGreb B.W. 1980. Snowfall and its potential management in the semiarid central Great Plains. USDA. Res. Sci. Ed. Admin., Western Series No. 18. USDA, Agricultural Research, Oakland, CA.
no DOI — not checkedHall D.J.M., Sudmeyer R.A., McLernon C.K. and Short R.J. 2002. Characterization of a windbreak system on the south coast of Western Australia. 3. Soil water and hydrology. Aust J Exp Ag 42: 729–738.
no DOI — not checkedHeisler G.M. and Dix M.E. 1988. Effects of windbreaks on local distribution of airborne insects. pp. 5–12. In: Dix M.E. and Harrell M. (eds), Insects of Windbreaks and Related Plantings: Distribution, Importance, and Management. Conference Proceedings, December 6, 1988, Louisville, KY. USDA Forest Service, Gen Tech Rpt RM-204.
no DOI — not checkedHolmes C.W. and Sykes A.R. 1984. Shelter and climatic effects on livestock. pp. 19–35. In: Sturrock J.W. (ed.). Shelter Research Needs in Relation to Primary Production: The report of the National Shelter Working Party, Wellington, New Zealand. Water Soil Misc Publ No. 59.
no DOI — not checkedHou Q., Brandle J., Hubbard K., Schoeneberger M., Nieto C. and Francis C. 2003. Alteration of soil water content consequent to root-pruning at a windbreak/crop interface in Nebraska, USA. Agroforest Syst 57: 137–147.
no DOI — not checkedJairell R.L. and Schmidt R.A. 1986. Scale model tests help optimize wind protection and water improvements for livestock. pp. 159–161. In: Hintz D.L. and Brandle J.R. (eds), Proceedings International Symposium on Windbreak Technology, June 23–27, 1986. Great Plains Agricultural Council-Forestry Committee. Publ. No. 117.
no DOI — not checkedJairell R.L. and Schmidt R.A. 1992. Harvesting snow when water levels are low. pp. 121– 124. In: Shafer B. (ed.) Proceedings, 60th Western Snow Conference, April 14–16, 1992, Jackson, WY.
no DOI — not checkedJordan D.J., Klopfenstein T., Brandle J. and Klemesrud M. 1997. Cornstalk grazing in protected and unprotected fields. pp. 24. In: 1997 Nebraska Beef Report, University of Nebraska, Lincoln. MP 67.
no DOI — not checkedJosiah S.J., St-Pierre R, Brott H. and Brandle J.R. 2004. Productive conservation: Diversifying farm enterprises by producing specialty woody products in agroforestry systems. J Sustain Agr 23: 93–108.
no DOI — not checkedKonstantinov A.R. and Struzer L.R. 1965. Shelterbelts and crop yields. Translated from Russian by Israel Program for Scientific Translations. U.S. Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific Technical Information, Springfield, VA.
no DOI — not checkedKort J. and Turnock R. 1999. Carbon reservoir and biomass in Canadian prairie shelterbelts. Agroforest Syst 44: 175–186. Lowry W.P. 1967. Weather and Life: An Introduction to Biometeor- ology. Academic Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedMiller J.M., Bohm M. and Cleugh H.A. 1995. Direct mechanical effects of wind on selected crops: A review. Centre for Environmental Mechanics, Canberra, ACT. Tech. Rpt. No. 67.
no DOI — not checkedMonteith J.L. 1981. Coupling of plants to the atmosphere. pp. 1– 29. In: Grace J., Ford E.D. and Jarvis P.G. (eds), Plants and their Atmospheric Environment. Blackwell Scientific Publishers, Oxford.
no DOI — not checkedMorris C., Klopfenstein T., Brandle J., Stock R., Shain D. and Klemesrud M. 1996. Winter calf grazing and field windbreaks. 1996 Nebraska Beef Report. University of Nebraska, Lincoln, MP 66-A: 44.
no DOI — not checkedQuam V.C., Johnson L., Wight B. and Brandle J.R. 1994. Wind-breaks for livestock production. University of Nebraska Cooper-ative Extension EC 94–1766-X, Lincoln, NE.
no DOI — not checkedSchmidt R.A. Jr. 1972. Sublimination of wind-transported snow–a model. USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. RM-90. Rocky Mtn. Forest and Range Exp. Stn.
no DOI — not checkedSturrock J.W. 1984. The role of shelter in irrigation and water use. pp. 79 – 86. In: Sturrock J.W. (ed.), Shelter Research Needs in Re-lation to Primary Production: The Report of the National Shelter Working Party Ministry of Works and Development, Water and Soil Misc. Publ. No. 94, Wellington, New Zealand.
no DOI — not checkedSudmeyer R.A., Hall D.J.M., Eastham J. and Adams M.A. 2002. The tree-crop interface: The effects of root pruning in southwest-ern Australia. Aust J Exp Ag 42: 763–772.
no DOI — not checkedTabler R.D. and Johnson K.L. 1971. Snow fences for watershed management. pp. 116–121. In: Snow and ice in relation to wildlife and recreation. Symposium Proceedings. Ames, IA, February 11 – 12, 1971.
no DOI — not checkedTakle E.S., Wang H., Schmidt R.A., Brandle J.R. and Jairell R.L. 1997. Pressure perturbation around shelterbelts: Measurements and model results. In: 12th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence. pp. 563–564. American Meteorological Society, July, 1997, Vancouver, British Columbia.
no DOI — not checkedvan Eimern J., Karschon R., Razumava L.A. and Robertson G.W. 1964. Windbreaks and Shelterbelts. Technical Note No. 59 (WMO-No.147.TP.70), Geneva, Switzerland. van Gardingen P. and Grace J. 1991. Plants and wind. Adv Bot Res 18: 189–253.
no DOI — not checkedWebster A.J.F. 1970. Direct effects of cold weather on the energetic efficiency of beef production in different regions of Canada. Can J Anim Sci 50: 563 573.
no DOI — not checkedZhao Z., Xiao L., Zhao T. and Zhang H. 1995. Windbreaks for Agriculture. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing (In Chinese).
no DOI — not checkedZhou X.H., Brandle J.R., Mize C.W. and Takle E.S. 2004. The rela-tionship of three-dimensional structure to shelterbelt function: A theoretical hypothesis. J Crop Production (In press).
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