Reference health
Spirochaeta caldaria sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium that enhances cellulose degradation by Clostridium thermocellum
1 of 34 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-07-23
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
9 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
does not resolve to a known work10.1128/MMBR.41.1.181-204.1977
The 33 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1099/00207713-42-1-175
Spirochaeta thermophila sp. nov., an Obligately Anaerobic, Polysaccharolytic, Extremely Thermophilic Bacterium
resolves10.1007/BF00447104
Morphology and physiology of Spirochaeta aurantia strains isolated from aquatic habitats
resolves10.1128/jb.172.8.4222-4230.1990
Cellulase system of a free-living, mesophilic clostridium (strain C7)
resolves10.1128/jb.172.8.4231-4237.1990
Characterization of the extracellular cellulase from a mesophilic clostridium (strain C7)
resolves10.1128/jb.174.6.2002-2013.1992
Phylogeny of 54 representative strains of species in the family Pasteurellaceae as determined by comparison of 16S rRNA sequences
resolves10.1128/JB.148.1.109-116.1981
Branched-Chain Amino Acid Fermentation by a Marine Spirochete: Strategy for Starvation Survival
resolves10.1007/BF00406553
Clostridium methylpentosum sp. nov.: a ring-shaped intestinal bacterium that ferments only methylpentoses and pentoses
resolves10.1073/pnas.82.20.6955
Rapid determination of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses.
resolves10.1128/JB.120.3.1268-1273.1974
Lipids of the
<i>Spirochaetales</i>
: Comparison of the Lipids of Several Members of the Genera
<i>Spirochaeta, Treponema</i>
, and
<i>Leptospira</i>
resolves10.1007/BF01567580
A yellow affinity substance involved in the cellulolytic system ofClostridium thermocellum
resolves10.1016/0076-6879(67)12133-2
[109] Use of ultraviolet absorbance-temperature profile for determining the guanine plus cytosine content of DNA
resolves10.1016/S0022-2836(61)80047-8
A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from micro-organisms
resolves10.1073/pnas.79.1.36
Conserved 5S rRNA complement to tRNA is not required for protein synthesis.
resolves10.1099/00207713-38-1-56
Phylogeny of Campylobacters, Wolinellas, Bacteroides gracilis, and Bacteroides ureolyticus by 16S Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Sequencing
resolves10.1111/j.1574-6968.1985.tb01573.x
Thermophilic anaerobic spirochetes in New Zealand hot springs
resolves10.1007/BF00243461
Isolation and characterization of an obligately anaerobic, polysaccharolytic, extremely thermophilic member of the genus Spirochaeta
resolves10.1007/BF00428018
Treponema bryantii sp. nov., a rumen spirochete that interacts with cellulolytic bacteria
resolves10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04088.x
16S rRNA sequences reveal uncultured inhabitants of a well-studied thermal community
resolves10.1128/AEM.33.2.289-297.1977
Fermentation of cellulose and cellobiose by Clostridium thermocellum in the absence of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum
resolves10.1128/AEM.58.12.3964-3969.1992
Uncultivated cyanobacteria, Chloroflexus-like inhabitants, and spirochete-like inhabitants of a hot spring microbial mat
resolves10.1007/BF00406470
Studies on dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria that decompose fatty acids
resolves10.1007/BF00254647
Clostridium thermocellum: Adhesion and sporulation while adhered to cellulose and hemicellulose
The 9 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAksenova HY, Svetlichnyi VA, Zavarzin GA (1990) A thermophilic marine spirochete isolated from a littoral hydrotherm of Shiashkotan island. Microbiologiya 59: 1050?1057
no DOI — not checkedCanale-Parola E (1984) Spirochaeta. In: Krieg NR, Holt JG (eds) Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, vol. 1. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore MD, pp 39?46
no DOI — not checkedCanale-Parola E (1991) Free-living saccharolytic spirochetes: the genus Spirochaeta. In: Balows A, Trüper HG, Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer K-H (eds) The prokaryotes, 2nd edn, vol 4. Springer, New York Berlin Heidelberg, pp 3524?3536
no DOI — not checkedCantacuzene J (1910) Sur un spirochete thermophile des eaux de Dax. C R Seances Soc Biol Paris 68: 75?77
no DOI — not checkedJohnson RC, Norton Hughes CA (1991) The genus Borrelia. In: Balows A, Trüper HG. Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer K-H (eds) The prokaryotes, 2nd edn, vol 4. Springer, New York Berlin Heidelberg pp 3560?3567
no DOI — not checkedMiller JN, Smibert RM, Norris SJ (1991) The genus Treponema. In: Balows A, Trüper HG, Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer K-H (eds) The prokaryotes, vol 4, 2nd ed, Springer, New York Berlin Heidelberg, pp 3537?3559
no DOI — not checkedSaitou N, Nei M (1987) The Neighbor-Joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4: 406?425
no DOI — not checkedSmibert RM, Krieg NR (1981) General characterization. In: Gerhardt P (ed) Manual of methods for general bacteriology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC, pp 409?443
no DOI — not checkedStudier J, Keppler K (1988) A note on the Neighbor-Joining algorithm of Saitou and Nei. Mol Biol Evol 5: 729?731
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