Reference health
The counterfactual fallacy: Confusing what might have been with what ought to have been
26/26 checkable references clean · checked 2026-09-02
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
15 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 26 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1037/0022-3514.35.5.351
Attributions of blame and coping in the "real world": Severe accident victims react to their lot.
resolves10.1111/j.1540-4560.1983.tb00138.x
A Theoretical Perspective for Understanding Reactions to Victimization
resolves10.1037/0033-2909.85.5.1030
Just world research and the attribution process: Looking back and ahead.
resolves10.1037/0022-3514.59.6.1111
Temporal order and the perceived mutability of events: Implications for blame assignment.
resolves10.1111/j.1540-4560.1983.tb00142.x
Searching for Meaning in Misfortune: Making Sense of Incest
resolves10.1037/0003-066X.38.11.1161
Adjustment to threatening events: A theory of cognitive adaptation.
resolves10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.569
Social comparison activity under threat: Downward evaluation and upward contacts.
resolves10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.231
Theory and research concerning social comparisons of personal attributes.
The 15 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedCoates, D., Wortman, C., and Abbey, A. (1979). Reactions to victims. In Frieze, I. H., Bar-Tal, D., and Carroll, J. S., (eds.),New Approaches to Social Problems, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, pp. 21?52.
no DOI — not checkedFrankl, V. E. (1963).Man's Search for Meaning: An Introduction to Logotherapy, Washington Square Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedGibbons, F. X., and Gerrard, M. (1990). Downward comparison and coping. In Suls, J., and Wills, T. (eds.),Social Comparison: Contemporary Theory and Research, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
no DOI — not checkedHart, H. L. A., and Honoré, A. M. (1959).Causation in the Law. Oxford University Press, London.
no DOI — not checkedHofstadter, D. R. (1979).Gödel, Escher, and Bach: An Eternal Goldenbraid, Basic Books, New York.
no DOI — not checkedHofstadter, D. R. (1985).Metamagical Themas: Questing for the Essence of Mind and Pattern, Basic Books, New York.
no DOI — not checkedJanoff-Bulman, R., and Lang, L. (1988). Coping with disease and accidents: The role of self-blame attributions. In Abramson, L. Y. (ed.),Social-Personal Inference in Clinical Psychology, Guilford, New York, pp. 116?147.
no DOI — not checkedLifton, R. J. (1967).Death in Life: Survivors of Hiroshima, Simon and Schuster, New York.
no DOI — not checkedMarris, P. (1986).Loss and Change, rev. ed., Routledge & Kegan Paul, London.
no DOI — not checkedMiller, D. T. (1989). Counterfactual thinking and reactions to negative life events. Paper presented at the First International Conference on ?Crises and loss experiences in the adult years.? Trier, Federal Republic of Germany, July.
no DOI — not checkedMiller, D. T., Turnbull, W., and McFarland, C. (1990). Counterfactual thinking and social perception: Thinking about what might have been. In Zanna, M. P. (ed.),Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 23, Academic Press, Orlando, FL.
no DOI — not checkedSanitioso, R., and Miller, D. T. (1989). Unpublished data, Princeton University.
no DOI — not checkedSilver, R. L., and Wortman, C. B. (1980). Coping with undesirable life events. In Garber, J., and Seligman, M. E. P. (eds.),Human Helplessness, Academic Press, New York, pp. 279?340.
no DOI — not checkedTait, R., and Silver, R. S. (1989). Coming to terms with major negative life events. In Uleman, J. S., and Bargh, J. A. (eds.),Unintended Thought, Guilford, New York, pp. 357?381.
no DOI — not checkedWortman, C. B., and Silver, R. C. (1987). Coping with irrevocable loss. In VandenBos, G. R., and Bryant, B. K. (eds.),Cataclysms, Crises, and Catastrophes: Psychology in Action (Master Lecture Series, Vol. 6, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC, pp. 189?235.
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