Reference health
Witness competency in people with mental retardation: Implications for prosecution of sexual abuse
9/9 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-31
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
23 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 9 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.59.5.682
Children's memories of a physical examination involving genital touch: Implications for reports of child sexual abuse.
resolves10.1007/978-1-4613-8832-6_10
The Impact of New Child Witness Research on Sexual Abuse Prosecutions
resolves10.1037/0735-7028.19.1.102
Judicial determination of children's competency to testify: Should it be abandoned?
resolves10.1016/0145-2134(90)90002-B
Sexual abuse and exploitation of children and adults with mental retardation and other handicaps
The 23 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedPerry NW, Wrightsman LS:The Child Witness: Legal Issues and Dilemmas. London, Sage Publications, 1991
no DOI — not checkedQuinn KM: Competency to be a witness: A major child forensic issue.Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 14(4): 311?321, 1986
no DOI — not checkedSobsey D, Varnhagen C: Sexual abuse, assault and exploitation of Canadians with disabilities. InChild Sexual Abuse: Critical Perspectives on Prevention, Intervention and Treatment, C Bagley, RJ Thomlinson (Eds.). Toronto, Wall and Emerson, 1991, pp. 203?216
no DOI — not checkedGoodman GS, Rudy C, Bottoms B, Aman C: Children's concerns and memory: Issues of ecological validity in the study of children's eyewitness testimony. InKnowing and Remembering in Young Children, R Fivush, J Hudson, (eds). Cambridge University Press, 1990
no DOI — not checkedSigelman CK, Budd EC, Spanhel CL, Schoenrock CJ: When in doubt, say yes: Acquiescence in interviews with mentally retarded persons.Mental Retardation, April: 53?58, 1981
no DOI — not checkedWheeler v. United States, 159 U.S. 523 (1895).
no DOI — not checkedFederal Rules of Evidence 601
no DOI — not checkedAmerican Bar Association. (1985).ABA Guidelines for the fair treatment of child witnesses in cases where child abuse is alleged. Washington, DC: Author
no DOI — not checkedDusky v. U.S., 362 U.S. 402 (1960)
no DOI — not checkedWestbrook v. Arizona, 348 U.S. 105 (1954)
no DOI — not checkedAmerican Association on Mental Retardation:Mental retardation: Definition, classification and systems of support Ninth Edition. Washington, DC: Author, 1992
no DOI — not checkedOhio Rules of Evidence 601
no DOI — not checkedChellsen JA: Retarded offenders: Assessment of trial competency.American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 4(4): 11?14, 1986
no DOI — not checkedLuckasson R: People with mental retardation as victims of crime. InThe Criminal Justice System and Mental Retardation: Defendants and Victims, RW Conley, R Luckasson, & GN Bouthilet (eds). Baltimore, Paul H Brookes, 1992, pp. 209?220
no DOI — not checkedBaladerian, NJ:Interviewing Skills To Use With Abuse Victims Who Have Developmental Disabilities. Washington, D.C.: National Aging Resource Center on Elder Abuse, 1992
no DOI — not checkedMcCartney, JR: Mentally retarded and nonretarded subjects long-term recognition memory.American Journal of Mental Retardation 92(3): 312?317, 1987
no DOI — not checkedKail R:The Development of Memory in Children. New York, W.H. Freeman and Company, 1990
no DOI — not checkedCole S: Facing the challenges of sexual abuse in persons with disabilities.Sexuality and Disability 7(3?4): 71?88, 1986
no DOI — not checkedSobsey D, Mansell S: The prevention of sexual abuse of people with developmental disabilities.Developmental Disabilities Bulletin 18(2): 51?66, 1990
no DOI — not checkedHawaii v. Gonsalves, 706 P.2d 1333 (Hawaii Ct. App. 1985)
no DOI — not checkedIllinois v. Spencer, 457 N.E. 2d 473 (Ill. App. Ct. 1983)
no DOI — not checkedLouisiana v. Peters, 441 So. 2d 403 (La. Ct. App. 1983)
no DOI — not checkedKaufhold M, VanderLaan R:Evaluating developmentally disabled victims of sexual abuse. (unpublished manuscript) 1988
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