Reference health
A history of instructional design and technology: Part II: A history of instructional design
34/34 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-13
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
71 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 34 checked references that resolve
resolves10.21236/ADA023892
Interservice Procedures for Instructional Systems Development: Technical Level Workshop
resolves10.1007/BF02765189
Historical overview of formative evaluation of instructional media products
resolves10.1002/pfi.4160290506
Improving efficiency and effectiveness of training: A six year case study of systematic change
resolves10.1007/BF02766966
Characteristics of cognitive engineering: The next generation of instructional systems
resolves10.1037/h0049294
Instructional technology and the measurement of learing outcomes: Some questions.
resolves10.1007/BF02297354
Constructivist values for instructional systems design: Five principles toward a new mindset
resolves10.1007/BF02907485
Changes in instructional development: The aftermath of an information processing takeover in psychology
resolves10.1007/BF02904328
Graduate education in instructional systems: A review of selected programs
resolves10.1007/BF02905586
An alumni-practitioner review of doctorial level competencies in Instructional Systems
resolves10.1007/BF02299092
The media influence debate: Read the fine print, but don't lose sight of the big picture
The 71 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedBaker, E.L. (1973). The technology of instructional development. In R.M.W. Travers (Ed.),Second handbook of research on teaching, Chicago: Rand McNally.
no DOI — not checkedBanathy, B.H. (1968).Instructional systems. Belmont, CA: Fearon.
no DOI — not checkedBarson, J. (1967).Instructional systems development. A demonstration and evaluation project: Final report. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 020 673)
no DOI — not checkedBassi, L.J., & Van Buren, M.E. (1999). Sharpening the leading edge.Training and Development, 53(1), 23–33.
no DOI — not checkedBloom, B.S., Engelhart, M.D., Furst, E.J., Hill, W.H., & Krathwohl, D.R. (1956).Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook 1: Cognitive Domain. New York: David McKay.
no DOI — not checkedBorich, G.D. (1980).A state of the art assessment of educational evaluation. Austin, TX: University of Texas. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 187 717)
no DOI — not checkedBowsher, J.E. (1989). Educating America: Lessons learned in the nation's corporations. New York: Wiley.
no DOI — not checkedBranson, R.K., & Grow G. (1987). Instructional systems development. In R.M. Gagné (Ed.),Instructional Technology: Foundations (pp. 397–428). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
no DOI — not checkedBurkman, E. (1987a). Factors affecting utilization. In R.M. Gagné (Ed.),Instructional Technology: Foundations (pp. 429–456). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
no DOI — not checkedColeman, Perry, & Schwen (1997). Constructivist instructional development: Reflecting on practice from an alternative paradigm. In C.R. Dills & A.J. Romiszowski (Eds.),Instructional Development Paradigms. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology.
no DOI — not checkedDale, E. (1967). Historical setting of programmed instruction. In P.C. Lange (Ed.),Programmed instruction: The sixty-sixth yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, Part II Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
no DOI — not checkedDempsey, J.V., & Van Eck, R.N. (in press). Instructional design online: Evolving expectations. In R.A. Reiser & J.V. Dempsey (Eds.),Trends and issues in instructional design and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall.
no DOI — not checkedDiamond, R.M. (1989).Designing and improving courses and curricula in higher education: A systematic approach. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
no DOI — not checkedDick, W. (1987). A history of instructional design and its impact on educational psychology. In J. Glover & R. Roning (Eds.),Historical foundations of educational psychology. New York: Plenum.
no DOI — not checkedDick, W., & Carey, L. (1978).The systematic design of instruction (1st ed.). Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
no DOI — not checkedDick W., & Reiser, R.A. (1989).Planning effective instruction. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
no DOI — not checkedDriscoll, M.P. (2000).Psychology of learning for instruction (2nd ed). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
no DOI — not checkedFinch, C.R. (1987). Instructional systems development in the military.Journal of Industrial Teacher Education, 24(4), 18–26.
no DOI — not checkedFlanagan, J.C. (1951). Units, scores, and norms. In E.T. Lindquist (Ed.),Educational Measurement. Washington, DC: American Council on Education.
no DOI — not checkedGaff, J.G. (1975).Toward faculty renewal: Advances in faculty, instructional, and organizational development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
no DOI — not checkedGagné, R.M. (1962b). Introduction. In R.M. Gagné (Ed.),Psychological principles in system development.New York:Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
no DOI — not checkedGagné, R.M. (1965a). The analysis of instructional objectives for the design of instruction. In R. Glaser (Ed.),Teaching machines and programmed learning, II: Data and directions. Washington, DC: National Education Association.
no DOI — not checkedGagné, R.M. (1965b).The conditions of learning (1st ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
no DOI — not checkedGagné, R.M. (1985).The conditions of learning (4th ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
no DOI — not checkedGagné, R.M., & Briggs, L.J. (1974).Principles of instructional design (1st ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
no DOI — not checkedGagné, R.M., Briggs, L.J., & Wager, W.W. (1992).Principles of instructional design (4th ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
no DOI — not checkedGagné, R.M., & Medsker, K.L. (1996).The conditions of learning: Training applications. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace.
no DOI — not checkedGalagan, P.A. (1989). IBM gets its arms around education.Training and Development Journal, 43(1), 34–41.
no DOI — not checkedGerlach, V.S., & Ely, D.P. (1971).Teaching and media: A systematic approach (1st ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
no DOI — not checkedGerlach, V.S., & Ely, D.P. (1980).Teaching and media: A systematic approach (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
no DOI — not checkedGlaser, R. (1962) Psychology and instructional technology. In R. Glaser (Ed.),Training research and education. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
no DOI — not checkedGlaser, R. (1965). Toward a behavioral science base for instructional design. In R. Glaser (Ed.),Teaching machines and programmed learning, II: Data and directions. Washington, DC: National Education Association.
no DOI — not checkedGlaser, R., & Klaus, D.J. (1962). Proficiency measurement: Assessing human performance. In R.M. Gagné (Ed.),Psychological principles in system development. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
no DOI — not checkedGustafson, K.L. (1993). Instructional design fundamentals: Clouds on the horizon.Educational Technology, 33(2), 27–32.
no DOI — not checkedGustafson, K.L., & Branch, R.M. (1997b).Survey of Instructional Development Models (3rd ed.). Syracuse, NY: ERIC Clearinghouse on Information & Technology.
no DOI — not checkedHamerus, D. (1968).The systems approach to instructional development: The contribution of behavioral science to instructional technology. Monmouth: OR: Oregon State System of Higher Education, Teaching Research Division.
no DOI — not checkedHawkridge, D. (in press). Distance learning and instructional design in international settings. In In R.A. Reiser & J.V. Dempsey (Eds.),Trends and issues in instructional design and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall.
no DOI — not checkedHeinich, R. (1970). Technology and the management of instruction (Association for Educational Communications and Technology Monograph No. 4). Washington, DC: Association for Educational Communications and Technology.
no DOI — not checkedInstitute for Higher Education Policy (2000).Quality on the line: Benchmarks for success in Internet-based distance education [Online]. Available: http://www.ihep.com/PUB.htm [2001, January 28].
no DOI — not checkedInterview with Robert M. Gagné: Developments in learning psychology: Implications for instructional design; and effects of computer technology on instructional design and development (1982).Educational Technology, 22(6), 11–15.
no DOI — not checkedKemp, J.E. (1971).Instructional Design: A Plan for Unit and Course Development.Belmont, CA:Fearon.
no DOI — not checkedLewis, L., Snow, K., Farris, E., Levin, D., & Greene, B. (1999).Distance education at postsecondary institutions: 1997–98 (NCES 2000-013).Washington, DC:U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics.
no DOI — not checkedLin, X., Bransford, J.D., Hmelo, C.E., Kantor, R.J., Hickey, D.T., Secules, T., Petrosino, A.J., Goldman, S.R., and the Cognition and Technology Group at Vanderbilt (1996). Instructional design and development of learning communities: An invitation to a dialogue. In B.G. Wilson (Ed.),Constructivist learning environments: Case studies in instructional design.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Educational Technology.
no DOI — not checkedLumsdaine, A.A., & Glaser, R. (Eds.). (1960).Teaching machines and programmed learning: A source book. Washington, DC: National Education Association.
no DOI — not checkedMager, R.F. (1962).Preparing objectives for programmed instruction. Belmont, CA: Fearon.
no DOI — not checkedMager, R.F. (1977). The ‘winds of change’.Training and Development Journal, 31(10), 12–20.
no DOI — not checkedMager, R.F. (1997).Preparing instructional objectives: A critical tool in the development of effective instruction (3rd ed.). Atlanta, GA: Center for Effective Performance.
no DOI — not checkedMarkle, S.M. (1967). Empirical testing of programs. In P.C. Lange (Ed.),Programmed instruction: The sixtysixth yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, Part II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
no DOI — not checkedMerrill, M.D., & Li, Z. (1989). An instructional design expert system.Journal of computer-based instruction, 16(3), 95–101.
no DOI — not checkedMerrill, M.D., Li, Z., & Jones, M.K. (1990a) Limitations of first generation instructional design.Educational Technology, 30(1), 7–11.
no DOI — not checkedMerrill, M.D., Li, Z., & Jones, M.K. (1990b) Second generation instructional design (ID2).Educational Technology, 30(2), 7–14.
no DOI — not checkedMiller, R.B. (1962). Analysis and specification of behavior for training. In R. Glaser (Ed.),Training research and education. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
no DOI — not checkedReiser, R.A. (1987). Instructional technology: A history. In R.M. Gagné (Ed.),Instructional technology: Foundations, Hilsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
no DOI — not checkedReiser, R.A. (in press). What field did you say you were in? Defining and naming our field. In R.A. Reiser & J.V. Dempsey (Eds.),Trends and issues in instructional design and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall.
no DOI — not checkedReiser, R.A., & Dempsey, J.V. (Eds.). (in press).Trends and issues in instructional design and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall.
no DOI — not checkedRosenberg, M.J. (1990). Performance technology: Working the system.Training, 27(2), 42–48.
no DOI — not checkedRosenberg, M.J. (2001).e-Learning: Strategies for delivering knowledge in the digital age. New York: McGraw Hill.
no DOI — not checkedRossett, A. (1990). Performance technology and academic programs in instructional design and technology: Must we change?Educational Technology, 30(8), 48–51.
no DOI — not checkedRossett, A. (1999). Knowledge management meets analysis.Training and Development, 53(5), 63–68.
no DOI — not checkedRossett, A., & Donello, J.F. (1999).Knowledge management for training professionals [Online]. Available: http://defcon.sdsu.edu/3/objects/km/ [2001, January 28].
no DOI — not checkedRossett, A., & Garbosky, J. (1987). The use, misuse, and non-use of educational technologists in public education.Educational Technology, 27(9), 37–42.
no DOI — not checkedSaettler, P. (1990).The evolution of American educational technology. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
no DOI — not checkedScriven, M. (1967). The methodology of evaluation. InPerspectives of curriculum evaluation (American Educational Research Association Monograph Series on Curriculum Evaluation, No. 1). Chicago: Rand McNally.
no DOI — not checkedShrock, S.A. (1995). A brief history of instructional development. In G.J. Anglin (Ed.),Instructional technology: Past, present, and future. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
no DOI — not checkedSilvern, L.C. (1964).Designing instructional systems. Los Angeles: Education and Training Consultants.
no DOI — not checkedSkinner, B.F. (1954). The science of learning and the art of teaching.Harvard Educational Review, 24, 86–97.
no DOI — not checkedSpady, W.G. (1988). Organizing for results: The basis for authentic restructuring and reform.Educational Leadership 46(2), 4–8.
no DOI — not checkedSullivan, H.J., & Higgins, N. (1983).Teaching for competence. New York: Teachers College Press.
no DOI — not checkedTyler, R.W. (1975). Educational benchmarks in retrospect: Educational change since 1915.Viewpoints, 51(2), 11–31.
no DOI — not checkedWager, W.W., & McKay, J. (in press). EPSS: Visions and viewpoints. In R.A. Reiser & J.V. Dempsey (Eds.),Trends and issues in instructional design and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill/Prentice Hall.
no DOI — not checkedWalbesser, H.H., & Eisenberg, T.A. (1972).A review of the research on behavioral objectives and learning hierarchies. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University, Center for Science and Mathematics Education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 059 900)
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-08-13 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1007/bf02504928"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1007/bf02504928/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1007/bf02504928)