Reference health
On cosmic-ray cut-off terminology
29/29 checkable references clean · checked 2026-09-03
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
30 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 29 checked references that resolve
resolves10.3402/tellusa.v5i2.8573
Experimental Determination of Electron Orbits in the Field of a Magnetic Dipole
resolves10.1139/p68-427
A five degree by fifteen degree world grid of trajectory-determined vertical cutoff rigidities
resolves10.1016/0021-9169(60)90082-9
Enhanced ionization in the polar ionosphere associated with geomagnetic storms
resolves10.1016/S0016-0032(31)90616-9
The differential analyzer. A new machine for solving differential equations
resolves10.1029/JZ070i017p04117
A study of vertical cutoff rigidities using sixth degree simulations of the geomagnetic field
resolves10.1103/PhysRev.55.614
The Penumbra at Geomagnetic Latitude 20° and the Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Radiation
resolves10.1029/JA080i010p01202
The evaluation of cutoff rigidities and reentrant albedo calculations for Palestine, Dallas, and Midland, Texas
resolves10.1029/JA088iA09p06961
The effect of local perturbations of the geomagnetic field on cosmic ray cutoff rigidities at Jungfraujoch and Kiel
resolves10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.505
Relative Abundance of the Helium Isotopes<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>in the Cosmic Radiation
resolves10.1029/JA091iA07p07925
A procedure for estimating the changes in cosmic ray cutoff rigidities and asymptotic directions at low and middle latitudes during periods of enhanced geomagnetic activity
resolves10.1029/JA092iA03p02551
On the correlation between asymptotic directions of cosmic ray particles and cutoff rigidities in the evolving geomagnetic field
resolves10.1029/GL009i005p00591
Trajectory parameterization ‐ A new approach to the study of the cosmic ray penumbra
resolves10.1103/PhysRev.93.596
Geomagnetic and Albedo Studies with a Čerenkov Detector at 40° Geomagnetic Latitude
resolves10.1029/JA075i031p05961
Directional cosmic-ray cutoffs and the loop-cone phenomenon at midlatitude sites
resolves10.1029/JZ065i001p00039
Geomagnetic effects on cosmic radiation for observation points above the Earth
resolves10.1029/JZ067i002p00888
A note on the vertical cutoff rigidities of cosmic rays in the geomagnetic field
The 30 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedC. Störmer:Z. Astrophys.,1, 237 (1930).
no DOI — not checkedL. Bouckaert:Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. A,54, 174 (1934).
no DOI — not checkedA. Mondragón andD. Barnés (Editors):Manuel Sandoval Vallarta, Obra Cientifica, Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, y Instituto Nacional de Energia Nuclear (Mexico City, 1978).
no DOI — not checkedK. G. Malmfors:Ark. Mat. Astron. Fys. A,32, 1 (1946).
no DOI — not checkedK. G. McCracken, U. R. Rao andM. A. Shea:The Trajectories of Cosmic Rays in a High Degree Simulation of the Geomagnetic Field, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Technical Report No. 77, NYO-2670 (1962).
no DOI — not checkedK. G. McCracken, U. R. Rao, B. C. Fowler, M. A. Shea andD. F. Smart:Cosmic Ray Tables (Asymptotic Directions, Variational Coefficients, and Cut-off Rigidities), IQSY Instruction Manual No. 10 (1965).
no DOI — not checkedK. G. McCracken, U. R. Rao, B. C. Fowler, M. A. Shea andD. F. Smart:Cosmic rays (asymptotic directions, etc.), inAnnals of the IQSY,1, edited byC. M. Minnis (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1968) p. 198.
no DOI — not checkedD. J. Cooke, M. A. Shea andD. F. Smart:On the terminology of the penumbra, inXVII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,4, 255 (1981).
no DOI — not checkedR. Gall:The geomagnetic and magnetospheric effects on primary and secondary cosmic rays, inXVII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,13, 239 (1981).
no DOI — not checkedC. Strörmer:The Polar Aurora (Oxford University Press, London, 1955).
no DOI — not checkedM. S. Vallarta:Handbuch der Physik, XLVI/I (Springer-Verlag, New York, N. Y., 1961). p. 88.
no DOI — not checkedM. S. Vallarta:Early history of cosmic rays. Reminiscences, inXII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers, Invited Papers Volume, 474 (1971).
no DOI — not checkedJ. E. Humble, D. F. Smart andM. A. Shea:Cosmic ray access to earth satellites from below horizon directions, inXVII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,10, 270 (1981).
no DOI — not checkedP. Ferrando, P. Goret, L. Koch-Miramond, N. Petrou andA. Soutoul:A new analysis of cosmic ray isotopes at 3 GeV/nfrom HEAO3-C2data, inXIX International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,2, 96 (1985).
no DOI — not checkedN. Lund andM. Rotenberg:Search for heavy anti-nuclei in the cosmic radiation, inXIX International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,2, 330 (1985).
no DOI — not checkedD. J. Cooke, J. E. Humble, M. A. Shea, D. F. Smart, N. Lund, I. L. Rasmussen, B. Byrnak, P. Goret andN. Petrou:Re-evaluation of cosmic ray cut-off terminology, inXIX International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,5, 328 (1985).
no DOI — not checkedM. A. Shea andD. F. Smart:Cosmic rays and solar activity since 1955, inSolar-Terrestrial Relationships and the Earth Environment in the Last Millenia (Soc. Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy, 1988), p. 396.
no DOI — not checkedM. A. Shea, D. F. Smart andL. C. Gentile:Asymptotic directions for selected cosmic ray stations calculated using the international geomagnetic reference field for 1980, Report UAG-96, World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics, NOAA (Boulder, Colorado, USA, 1987), p. 155.
no DOI — not checkedD. J. Cooke andS. C. Bredesen:Summary plot representation of the penumbra, inXVII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,4, 263 (1981).
no DOI — not checkedM. S. Vallarta:An Outline of the Theory of the Allowed Cone of Cosmic Radiation, University of Toronto Studies Applied Mathematics Series No. 3 (The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1938).
no DOI — not checkedJ. E. Humble andD. J. Cooke:Dependence of the loop-cone on changes in the geomagnetic field, inXIV International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,4, 1341 (1975).
no DOI — not checkedM. A. Shea andD. F. Smart:Calculation of the magnitude of the daily variation of vertical cut-off rigidities and associated changes in the neutron monitor response for selected North American stations, inXII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,3, 854 (1971).
no DOI — not checkedD. J. Cooke andJ. E. Humble:The cosmic ray penumbra-confusion clarified, inXVI International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,12, 243 (1979).
no DOI — not checkedN. Lund andA. Sorgen:Penumbra structure calculations and their application to isotope analysis of cosmic rays, inXV International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,11, 292 (1977).
no DOI — not checkedJ. A. Lezniak, D. F. Smart andM. A. Shea:The effect of ionization energy loss on the calculation of rigidity transmittance functions, inXIV International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers 4, 1315 (1975).
no DOI — not checkedN. Petrou andA. Soutoul:On the residual atmosphere traversed by cosmic rays at large zenith angles at satellite altitude, inXV International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,11, 273 (1977).
no DOI — not checkedM. A. Shea andD. F. Smart:Acta Phys. Acad. Sci. Hung.,29, Suppl. 2 (Proceedings of the XI International Conference on Cosmic Rays, Budapest, 1969), 533 (1970).
no DOI — not checkedL. I. Dorman, R. T. Gushchina, M. A. Shea andD. F. Smart:Cosmic Ray Effective Cut-Off Rigidities (Nauka, Moscow, 1972).
no DOI — not checkedB. Byrnak, N. Lund, I. L. Rasmussen, B. Peters, T. Risbo, M. Rotenberg, N. J. Westergaard andN. Petrou:The isotopic composition of cosmic ray nuclei at 0.6, 3 and 7 GeV/n, inXVII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,2, 8 (1981).
no DOI — not checkedA. Soutoul, J. J. Engelmann, P. Goret, E. Juliusson, L. Koch-Miramond, P. Masse, N. Petrou, Y. Rio andT. Risbo:Isotope analysis using the geomagnetic method, inXVII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Conference Papers,9, 105 (1981).
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