Reference health
The subspecies concept in primatology: The case of mountain gorillas
31/31 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
21 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 31 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1159/000155686
Feeding Ecology and Nutrition of an Eastern Gorilia Group in the Mt. Kahuzi Region (République du Zaïre)
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1098-2345(1996)38:3<271::AID-AJP6>3.0.CO;2-W
Primate species: The irreversible units in the evolution of our mammalian divergence
resolves10.1002/ajp.1350250102
Morphometric analyses of <i>Ateles:</i> systematic and biogeographic implications
resolves10.1073/pnas.96.9.5077
Mitochondrial sequences show diverse evolutionary histories of African hominoids
resolves10.1006/bijl.1996.0132
Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of east African chimpanzees
resolves10.1007/BF02390893
Distribution patterns of forest trees in Uganda and their historical significance
resolves10.1007/BF02381342
Feeding ecology of western lowland gorillas in the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, Congo
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1098-2345(1997)43:2<87::AID-AJP1>3.0.CO;2-T
Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) as seasonal frugivores: Use of variable resources
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1098-2345(1996)40:1<1::AID-AJP1>3.0.CO;2-1
Gorillas of Bwindi-Impenetrable Forest and the Virunga Volcanoes: Taxonomic implications of morphological and ecological differences
resolves10.2307/4086035
A Hybrid between the Hooded and Silver Grebes (Podiceps gallardoi and P. occipitalis)
resolves10.1002/ajp.1350300305
Composition of the diet of chimpanzees and comparisons with that of sympatric lowland gorillas in the lopé reserve, gabon
resolves10.1002/ajp.1350070403
Composition and variability of mountain gorilla diets in the Central Virungas
resolves10.1007/BF02381481
Seasonal change in the composition of the diet of eastern lowland gorillas
The 21 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAchoka, I. 1994. Home range, group size and group composition of mountain gorillas (G. g. beringei) in the Bwindi-Impenetrable National Park, southwestern Uganda. M.Sc. thesis, Makerere Univ., Kampala, Uganda.
no DOI — not checkedCoolidge, H. J., Jr. 1929. A revision of the genusGorilla.Memoirs of the Museum of Comp. Zool., Harvard, 50: 293–381.
no DOI — not checkedCourtenay, J.;Groves, C.;Andrews, P. 1988. Inter-or intra-island variation?: an assessment of the differences between Bornean and Sumatran Orang-utans. In:Orang-utan Biology,Schwartz,J. H. (ed.), Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, pp. 19–29.
no DOI — not checkedCracraft, J. 1989. Speciation and its ontology: the empirical consequences of alternative species concepts for understanding patterns and processes of differentiation. In:Speciation and its Consequences,Otte,D.;Endler,J. A. (eds.), Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, pp. 28–59.
no DOI — not checkedDobzhansky, T. 1937.Genetics and the Origin of Species. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedFossey, D. 1983.Gorillas in the Mist. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
no DOI — not checkedFossey, D.;Harcourt, A. H. 1977. Feeding ecology of free-ranging mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei). In:Primate Ecology,Clutton-Brock,T. H. (ed.), Academic Press, London, pp. 415–447.
no DOI — not checkedGoldsmith, M. L.;Stanford, C. B. 1997. The Bwindi-Impenetrable Great Ape Project, Uganda.Gorilla Conserv. News, 11: 17–18.
no DOI — not checkedGroves, C. P. 1986. Systematics of the great apes. In:Comparative Primate Biology, I: Systematics, Evolution, and Anatomy,Swindler,D. R.;Erwin,J. (eds.), Alan R. Liss, New York, pp. 187–217.
no DOI — not checkedInternational Union for the Conservation of Nature. 1996.Red List. Glan, Switzerland.
no DOI — not checkedKeith, S. 1980. The avifauna of the Impenetrable Forest, Kigezi, Uganda, with special reference to altitudinal distribution. In:Proceedings IV Pan-African Ornithological Congress, pp. 159–167.
no DOI — not checkedKimbel, W. H.;Martin, L. B. (eds.). 1993.Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution. Plenum Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedKingdon, J. 1989.Island Africa. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton.
no DOI — not checkedLarson, A. 1989. The relationship between speciation and morphological evolution. In:Speciation and its Consequences,Otte,D.;Endler,J. A. (eds.), Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, pp. 579–598.
no DOI — not checkedMayr, E. 1942.Systematics and the Origin of Species. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedMayr, E. 1982a.The Growth of Biological Thought. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
no DOI — not checkedMayr, E. 1982b. Of what use are subspecies?The Auk, 99: 593–595.
no DOI — not checkedPaterson, H. E. H. 1985. The recognition concept of species. In:Species and Speciation: Transvaal Museum Monograph 4,Vrba,E. S. (ed.), Transvaal Museum, Pretoria, pp. 21–29.
no DOI — not checkedSchaller, G. B. 1963.The Mountain Gorilla. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
no DOI — not checkedShea, B. T.;Leigh, S. R.;Groves, C. P. 1993. Multivariate variation chimpanzees: implications for species identification in paleoanthropology. In:Speciation and its Consequences,Otte,D.;Endler,J. A. (eds.), Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, pp. 265–296.
no DOI — not checkedTempleton, A. R. 1989. The meaning of species and speciation: a genetic perspective. In:Speciation and its Consequences,Otte,D.;Endler,J. A. (eds.), Sinauer Associate, Sunderland, Massachusetts, pp. 3–27.
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