Reference health
Import protection and export performance — Their impact on economic growth
18/18 checkable references clean · checked 2026-09-03
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
23 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 18 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1007/BF02705977
A comparative survey of industrialization policies in fifteen semi-industrial countries
resolves10.2307/2229902
Trade as a Handmaiden of Growth: Similarities Between the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
resolves10.1177/056943457501900104
Technological Adaptation, Optimum Level of Backwardness and the Rate of per Capita Income Growth: An Econometric Approach
resolves10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00486.x
IMPROVED INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF REAL PRODUCT AND ITS COMPOSITION: 1950–1980
The 23 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAbramovitz, Moses, “Catching Up, Forging Ahead, and Falling Behind”.The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 46, 1986, pp. 386–406.
no DOI — not checkedAgarwala, Ramgopal,Price Distortions and Growth in Developing Countries. World Bank Staff Working Papers, No. 575. Washington, D.C., 1983.
no DOI — not checkedBaumol, William J., “Productivity Growth, Convergence, and Welfare: What the Long-Run Data Show”.The American Economic Review, Vol. 76, 1986, pp. 1072–1085.
no DOI — not checkedBhagwati, Jagdish N.,Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: Anatomy and Consequences of Exchange Control Regimes. Lexington 1978.
no DOI — not checkedBlack, John, “Trade and the Natural Rate of Growth”.Oxford Economic Papers, N.S., Vol. 22, 1970, pp. 12–23.
no DOI — not checkedCaves, Richard E., “Vent for Surplus’ Models of Trade and Growth”. In: Robert E. Baldwinet al. (Eds.),Trade, Growth and the Balance of Payments. Chicago 1965, pp. 95–115.
no DOI — not checkedChoi, Kwan,Theories of Comparative Economic Growth. Iowa 1983.
no DOI — not checkedCorden, W. Max, “The Effects of Trade on the Rate of Growth”. In: Jagdish N. Bhagwati, Ronald W. Jones, Robert A. Mundell, Jaroslav Vanek (Eds.),Trade, Balance of Payments and Growth. Papers in International Economics in Honour of Charles P. Kindleberger. Amsterdam 1971, pp. 117–143.
no DOI — not checkedCornwall, John,Modern Capitalism. London 1977.
no DOI — not checkedGomulka, Stanislav,Inventive Activity, Diffusion, and the Stages of Economic Growth. Aarhus 1971.
no DOI — not checkedHavrylyshyn, Oli, Iradj Alikhani,Protection Levels and Policies in Developing and Industrial Countries; Annotated Bibliography and Data Bank Summary. The World Bank, International Trade Division. Washington, D.C., 1982.
no DOI — not checkedHeitger, Bernhard, “Bestimmungsfaktoren internationaler Wachstumsdifferenzen”.Die Weltwirtschaft, 1985, Heft 1, pp. 49–69.
no DOI — not checkedJay, Keith, Constantine Michalopoulos,Growth of Exports and Income in the Developing World: A Neoclassical View. Bureau for Program and Policy Coordination, Agency for International Development, Discussion Paper, No. 28. Washington, D.C., 1973.
no DOI — not checkedKindleberger, Charles,Foreign Trade and the National Economy. New Haven 1962.
no DOI — not checkedKrueger, Anne O.,Foreign Trade Regimes and Economic Development: Liberalisation Attempts and Consequences. Lexington 1978.
no DOI — not checkedLeibenstein, Harvey, “Allocative Efficiency vs. ‘X-Efficiency’ “.The American Economic Review, Vol. 56, 1966, pp. 392–415.
no DOI — not checkedLewis, W. Arthur, “The Slowing Down of the Engine of Growth”.The American Economic Review, Vol. 70, 1980, pp. 555–564.
no DOI — not checkedMarris, Robin L., “How Much of Slow-down Was Catch-Up?”. In: Robert C.O. Matthews (Ed.),Slower Growth in the Western World. London 1982, pp. 128–144.
no DOI — not checkedNurkse, Ragnar,Equilibrium and Growth in the World Economy. Harvard 1961.
no DOI — not checkedRussett, Bruce M., Hayward L. Alker, Jr.,World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators. New Haven 1964.
no DOI — not checkedSmith, David, “Public Consumption and Economic Performance”.National Westminster Bank Quarterly Review, 1975, pp. 17–30.
no DOI — not checkedSohmen, Egon, “Competition and Growth: The Lesson of West Germany”.The American Economic Review, Vol. 49, 1959, pp. 986–1003.
no DOI — not checkedThe World Bank,World Tables. Baltimore 1984.
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