Reference health
Political Democracy: Conceptual and Measurement Traps
20/20 checkable references clean · checked 2026-09-03
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
18 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 20 checked references that resolve
resolves10.2307/762193
Political Rights and Political Liberties in Nations: An Evaluation of Human Rights Measures, 1950 to 1984
resolves10.2307/2094946
The Dimension(s) of Democracy: Further Issues in the Measurement and Effects of Political Democracy
resolves10.2307/2094750
The Effect of Political Democracy and Social Democracy on Equality in Industrial Societies: A Cross-National Comparison
resolves10.2307/1951731
Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy
resolves10.1007/BF02294210
A General Structural Equation Model with Dichotomous, Ordered Categorical, and Continuous Latent Variable Indicators
The 18 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedBANKS, ARTHUR S. 1971Cross-polity time-series data. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
no DOI — not checkedBANKS, ARTHUR S. and R. B. TEXTOR 1963A cross-polity survey. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
no DOI — not checkedCOLEMAN, J. S. 1960 Conclusion: The political systems of the developing areas. InThe Politics of Developing Areas, edited by G. A. Almond and J. S. Coleman. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
no DOI — not checkedCOULTER, PHILIP 1975Social mobilization and liberal democracy. Lexington: Lexington Books.
no DOI — not checkedDAHL, ROBERT A. 1971Polyarchy: participation and opposition. New Haven: Yale.
no DOI — not checkedDE SCHWEINITZ, KARL 1964Industrialization and democracy. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
no DOI — not checkedDOWNS, ANTHONY 1957An economic theory of democracy. New York: Harper & Brothers.
no DOI — not checkedGASTIL, RAYMOND D. 1978Freedom in the world: Political rights and civil liberties 1978. New York: Freedom House.
no DOI — not checkedJOHNSON, KENNETH F. 1976 Measuring the scholarly image of Latin America democracy, 1945–1970 InStatistical Abstract of Latin America. Vol. 17, edited by James W. Wilkie. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
no DOI — not checkedLERNER, DANIEL 1958The passing of traditional society. Glencoe: Free Press.
no DOI — not checked0 1981Political man. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins.
no DOI — not checkedMICHELS, ROBERT 1962Political parties. New York: Free Press.
no DOI — not checkedMILLS, C. W. 1956The power elite. New York: Oxford University Press.
no DOI — not checkedMOORE, BARRINGTON, JR. 1966Social origins of dictatorship and democracy. Bonton: Beacon.
no DOI — not checkedMOSCA, G. 1939The ruling class. New York: McGraw-Hill.
no DOI — not checkedSCHUMPETER, JOSEPH A. 1950Capitalism, socialism, and democracy. New York: Harper & Row.
no DOI — not checkedTAYLOR, CHARLES LEWIS and MICHAEL C. HUDSON 1972World handbook of political and social indicators, 2d ed. New Haven: Yale University Press.
no DOI — not checkedVANHANEN, TATU 1979Power and the means to power. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-09-03 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1007/bf02716903"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1007/bf02716903/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1007/bf02716903)