Reference health
Timely shirking: time-dependent monitoring and its effects on legislative behavior in the U.S. Senate
63/63 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-04
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
17 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 63 checked references that resolve
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A Method of Scaling with Applications to the 1968 and 1972 Presidential Elections
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Cycles in senatorial voting behavior: implications for the optimal frequency of elections
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Does Party Matter? An Historical Test Using Senate Tariff Votes in Three Institutional Settings
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The Conditional Nature of Presidential Responsiveness to Public Opinion
resolves10.1111/j.1468-2508.2005.00305.x
Strategy, Selection, and Candidate Competition in U.S. House and Senate Elections
resolves10.1111/j.1540-5907.2005.00152.x
Assessing the Electoral Connection: Evidence from the Early United States
resolves10.2307/2585759
Comparing Interest Group Scores across Time and Chambers: Adjusted ADA Scores for the U.S. Congress
resolves10.1111/j.0092-5853.2004.00068.x
Accountability and Coercion: Is Justice Blind when It Runs for Office?
resolves10.1093/polana/9.3.227
Multidimensional Analysis of Roll Call Data via Bayesian Simulation: Identification, Estimation, Inference, and Model Checking
resolves10.1016/0047-2727(94)90071-X
An explanation for why senators from the same state vote differently so frequently
resolves10.1086/467201
The Apparent Ideological Behavior of Legislators: Testing for Principal-Agent Slack in Political Institutions
resolves10.2307/440204
Congressional Responsiveness to Redistricting Induced Constituency Change: An Extension to the 1990s
resolves10.2139/ssrn.1441899
Balancing Competing Demands: Position-Taking and Election Proximity in the European Parliament
resolves10.1111/j.1465-7295.1990.tb00807.x
ATTENDANCE RATES, POLITICAL SHIRKING, AND THE EFFECT OF POST‐ELECTIVE OFFICE EMPLOYMENT
resolves10.1093/pan/10.2.134
Dynamic Ideal Point Estimation via Markov Chain Monte Carlo for the U.S. Supreme Court, 1953–1999
resolves10.2307/2585838
Congressional Voting over Legislative Careers: Shifting Positions and Changing Constraints
resolves10.2307/2131944
The Dimensions of Cue-Taking in the House of Representatives: Variation by Issue Area
resolves10.1007/BF00123797
The last period problem in politics: Do congressional representatives not subject to a reelection constraint alter their voting behavior?
The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedArnold, D. (1990). The logic of congressional action. New Haven: Yale University Press.
no DOI — not checkedCanes-Wrone, B., Brady, D. W., & Cogan, J. F. (2002). Out of step, out of office: electoral accountability and House members’ voting. Journal of Political Economy, 96(1), 127–140.
no DOI — not checkedCaul, M., & Gray, M. M. (2000). From platform declarations to policy outcomes: changing party profiles and partisan influence over policy. In R. Dalton & M. Wattenberg (Eds.), Parties without partisans: political change in advanced industrial democracies. New York: Oxford University Press.
no DOI — not checkedFenno, R. F. Jr. (1982). The United States Senate: a bicameral perspective. Washington: American Enterprise Institute.
no DOI — not checkedFiorina, M. P. (1974). Representatives, roll calls, and constituencies. Lexington: Lexington Books.
no DOI — not checkedGelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., & Rubin, D. B. (2004). Bayesian data analysis. New York: Chapman & Hall/CRC.
no DOI — not checkedHarmel, R., & Janda, K. (1982). Parties and their environments: limits to reform? New York: Longman.
no DOI — not checkedJacobson, G. C. (2004). The politics of congressional elections, 6th edn. New York: Longman.
no DOI — not checkedLevitt, S. D. (1996). How do senators vote? Disentangling the role of voter preferences, party affiliation, and senator ideology. American Economic Review, 86(3), 425–441.
no DOI — not checkedLipinski, D. (2003). Rhetoric on representation: which members of Congress portray themselves as delegates? Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southern Political Science Association, Savannah, GA.
no DOI — not checkedLublin, D. (1994). Candidate quality and U.S. Senate election data. Washington: American University.
no DOI — not checkedMartin, A. D., & Quinn, K. M. (2010). Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Package. http://mcmcpack.wustl.edu , Version 0.9-4.
no DOI — not checkedMayhew, D. R. (1974). Congress: the electoral connection. New Haven: Yale University Press.
no DOI — not checkedMonroe, A. D. (1975). Public opinion in America. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.
no DOI — not checkedPoole, K. T., & Rosenthal, H. (1997). Congress: a political-economic history of roll call voting. New York: Oxford University Press.
no DOI — not checkedR Development Core Team (2010). R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
no DOI — not checkedTreier, S. (2006). Ideal point estimation using overlapping constraints in the Senate. Manuscript.
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