Reference health
The nexus between corporate environment, social, and governance performance and cost of capital: evidence from top global tech leaders
1 of 82 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-07-25
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
10 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
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The 81 checked references that resolve
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The impacts of environmental, social, and governance factors on firm performance
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What Happened to the ‘Development’ in Sustainable Development? Business Guidelines Two Decades After Brundtland
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The role of ESG performance during times of financial crisis: Evidence from COVID-19 in China
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Is sustainability reporting (ESG) associated with performance? Evidence from the European banking sector
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Voluntary Nonfinancial Disclosure and the Cost of Equity Capital: The Initiation of Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting
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Sensitive industries produce better ESG performance: Evidence from emerging markets
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An analysis of relationship between environmental regulations and firm performance with moderating effects of product market competition: Empirical evidence from Pakistan
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Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: The impact of the MSCI ESG Ratings on Korean Firms
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Dealing with endogeneity in a time‐varying parameter model: joint estimation and two‐step estimation procedures
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Disclosure and the Cost of Capital: Evidence from Firms' Response to the Enron Shock
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Media reporting, carbon information disclosure, and the cost of equity financing: evidence from China
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The impact of environmental, social, and governance disclosure on firm value: The role of CEO power
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The impact of corporate environmental responsibility on financial performance—based on Chinese listed companies
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The Moderating Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in the Association of Internal Corporate Governance and Profitability; Evidence from Pakistan
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Non-financial information and cost of equity capital: an empirical analysis in the food and beverage industry
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The Impact of Better Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure on the Cost of Equity Capital
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Voluntary disclosure of non-financial information and its association with sustainability performance
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Social disclosure, financial disclosure and the cost of equity capital
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How to do Xtabond2: An Introduction to Difference and System GMM in Stata
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The efficacy of sustainability reporting towards cost of debt and equity reduction
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Does environmental performance affect financial performance? Evidence from Chinese listed companies in heavily polluting industries
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Financial and non-financial determinants of corporate social responsibility: empirical evidence from Pakistan
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Dealing with endogeneity bias: The generalized method of moments (GMM) for panel data
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Does ESG performance have an impact on financial performance? Evidence from Germany
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CSR Information Disclosure on the Web: A Context-Based Approach Analysing the Influence of Country of Origin and Industry Sector
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CSR and Financial Performance Analysis: Evidence from Top ASEAN Listed Companies
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Convergence or Disparity? A Cross-Country Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting for Banking Industry in Nordic Countries and China
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The effect of expected financial performance on corporate environmental responsibility disclosure: evidence from China
The 10 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAtan R, Alam MM, Said J, Zamri M (2017) The impacts of environmental, social, and governance factors on firm performance: panel study of Malaysian companies. J Bus Res 29(2):182–194
no DOI — not checkedDerwall, J. (2007). The economic virtues of SRI and CSR. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/1 ERIM
no DOI — not checkedInstitutional Shareholder Services Inc. (2019). Environ Soc Issues 2013 Proxy Season Preview - ISS. https://www.issgovernance.com/library/environmental-social-issues-2013-proxy-season-preview/
no DOI — not checkedRajos, R. M., Morales, V. J. G., & Garcia, E. (2011). The influence on corporate entrprenurship of technological variables. Ind Manag Data Syst
no DOI — not checkedGutsche R, Jan-Frederic Schulz MG (2017) Firm-value effects of CSR disclosure and CSR performance. J Bus Ethics 6(21):32
no DOI — not checkedSiew, R. (2014). Australian School of Business School of Accounting Seminar Series ESG scores and its influence on firm performance: Australian evidence Maria Balatbat The University of New South Wales Venue : Tyree Energy Technologies Building LGO5. March.
no DOI — not checkedVanwalleghem, D. (2013). The real effects of socially responsible investing: Disagreement on the doing well while doing good hypothesis and the cost of capital. J Bus Ethics, 7(3), 1–36. https://faculty.wharton.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Vanwalleghem_The-real-effects-of-socially-responsible-investing_1.pdf
no DOI — not checkedWang, M.-L., Feng, Z.-Y., & Huang, H.-W. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and cost of equity capital: a global perspective. J Bus Ethics, 50.
no DOI — not checkedWooldridge. (2016). Introductory Econometrics. https://books.google.com.pk/books
no DOI — not checkedYang M, Bento P, Akbar A (2019) ’Does CSR influence firm performance indicators? Evid Chin Pharma Enterpr Sustain 11(20):5656
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