Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known
work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction,
withdrawal, or removal notice.
13 without a DOI — not checked. A reference
deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked
set, and this line discloses that.
The 13 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedThe effects of product differentiation on collusive pricing
no DOI — not checkedBeneficial concentration
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0167-7187(94)00458-E_BIB8
no DOI — not checkedHorizontal mergers: An equilibrium analysis
no DOI — not checkedIncreasing profits of a subset of firms in oligopoly models with strategic substitutes
no DOI — not checkedHorizontal mergers: Law, policy, and economics
no DOI — not checkedHorizontal mergers: The 50-percent benchmark
no DOI — not checkedOligopoly and the incentive for horizontal merger
no DOI — not checkedCompetitive advantage and collusive optima
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0167-7187(94)00458-E_BIB21
no DOI — not checkedCollusive equilibrium with heterogeneous firms
no DOI — not checkedHorizontal mergers: Comment
no DOI — not checkedEconomies as an antitrust defense: The welfare tradeoffs
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-08-09 — re-checked daily as this page is visited;
titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The
badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.