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Reinforcements from the first drug experience can predict later drug habits and/or addiction: Results with coffee, cigarettes, alcohol, barbiturates, minor and major tranquilizers, stimulants, marijuana, hallucinogens, heroin, opiates and cocaine
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19/19 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
14 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 19 checked references that resolve
resolves10.2466/pr0.1981.48.2.647
Liking of the First Drug Experience: A Comparison of Ten Drugs in Opiate Addicts
resolves10.1037/0021-843X.85.4.433
On the significance of never using a drug: An example from cigarette smoking.
resolves10.1001/archpsyc.1974.01760160067014
First Drinking Experience in Addictive and Nonaddictive Drinkers
resolves10.1007/BF03394588
A Comparative Look at Ratings of the Subjective Effects of Beverage Alcohol
resolves10.15288/qjsa.1953.14.181
The First Drinking Experience of Addictive and of “Normal” Drinkers
resolves10.1007/BF02087681
The role of peer and adult models for drug taking at different stages in adolescence
resolves10.3109/10826088009040044
A Study of Professed Reasons for Beginning and Continuing Heroin Use
resolves10.2466/pr0.1980.46.2.571
Attitudes and Background Factors Related to Alcohol Use among College Students
resolves10.2466/pr0.1966.18.1.163
Development of Scales Based on Patterns of Drug Effects, Using the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI)
resolves10.1016/0376-8716(80)90144-1
Strength of drug habits: For heroin, morphine, methadone, alcohol, barbiturates, pentobarbital, benzedrine, cocaine, and marijuana
The 14 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB2
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB8
no DOI — not checkedThe Marijuana Smokers
no DOI — not checkedS. Miller, AMA: ‘No Doubt’ Pot is Harmful, Evening Sun, Baltimore, Maryland (7/24/81) Al.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB13
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB14
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB21
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB23
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB24
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB25
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB27
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB28
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB29
no DOI — not checked10.1016/0376-8716(83)90076-5_BIB30
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carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
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