Reference health
Torrefaction
75/75 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
7 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 75 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/j.rser.2011.09.017
Recent advances in biomass pretreatment – Torrefaction fundamentals and technology
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2010.12.036
Torrefaction and co-torrefaction characterization of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin as well as torrefaction of some basic constituents in biomass
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.03.040
An evaluation on improvement of pulverized biomass property for solid fuel through torrefaction
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2010.02.054
A study on torrefaction of various biomass materials and its impact on lignocellulosic structure simulated by a thermogravimetry
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.096
Torrefaction and low temperature carbonization of oil palm fiber and eucalyptus in nitrogen and air atmospheres
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.093
Enhancing the combustible properties of bamboo by torrefaction
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2012.06.112
Torrefaction of beechwood: A parametric study including heat of reaction and grindability
resolves10.1021/ie950438l
Thermal Effects in Cellulose Pyrolysis: Relationship to Char Formation Processes
resolves10.1016/0040-6031(83)80222-6
Effects of pressure on biomass pyrolysis. II. Heats of reaction of cellulose pyrolysis
resolves10.1002/cssc.201000119
The Intrinsic Kinetics and Heats of Reactions for Cellulose Pyrolysis and Char Formation
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2011.02.045
Thermal pretreatment of wood (Lauan) block by torrefaction and its influence on the properties of the biomass
resolves10.1080/07373931003799236
Drying of Woody Biomass for Bioenergy: Drying Technologies and Optimization for an Integrated Bioenergy Plant
resolves10.1002/app.1989.070371214
Acetylation of jute: Effects on strength, rot resistance, and hydrophobicity
resolves10.1002/ep.10392
Improvements of biomass physical and thermochemical characteristics via torrefaction process
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2007.05.041
Torrefaction of reed canary grass, wheat straw and willow to enhance solid fuel qualities and combustion properties
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2004.10.010
A correlation for calculating HHV from proximate analysis of solid fuels
resolves10.1016/j.jaap.2011.04.010
Effects of temperature and holding time during torrefaction on the pyrolysis behaviors of woody biomass
resolves10.1007/s11434-010-4292-z
Influence of torrefaction pretreatment on biomass gasification technology
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.163
Torrefied biomasses in a drop tube furnace to evaluate their utility in blast furnaces
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2010.11.031
Prediction of higher heating values of biomass from proximate and ultimate analyses
resolves10.1016/S0016-2361(01)00131-4
A unified correlation for estimating HHV of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels
resolves10.1016/S0196-8904(00)00050-9
Relationships between lignin contents and heating values of biomass
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.101
Hydrothermal carbonization of sugarcane bagasse via wet torrefaction in association with microwave heating
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.05.056
An experimental analysis on property and structure variations of agricultural wastes undergoing torrefaction
resolves10.1016/j.jaap.2009.08.006
Pretreatment of agricultural residues for co-gasification via torrefaction
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2012.07.024
Torrefaction and low-temperature carbonization of woody biomass: Evaluation of fuel characteristics of the products
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.026
Alterations in energy properties of eucalyptus wood and bark subjected to torrefaction: The potential of mass loss as a synthetic indicator
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2009.06.033
An evaluation on rice husks and pulverized coal blends using a drop tube furnace and a thermogravimetric analyzer for application to a blast furnace
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2010.06.043
An investigation of the grindability of two torrefied energy crops
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.05.046
Co-firing based on biomass torrefaction in a pulverized coal boiler with aim of 100% fuel switching
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.050
Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetics of co-pyrolysis of raw/torrefied wood and coal blends
resolves10.1016/j.bej.2007.08.001
Enhancing enzymatic digestibility of switchgrass by microwave-assisted alkali pretreatment
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.02.027
Disruption of sugarcane bagasse lignocellulosic structure by means of dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment with microwave-assisted heating
resolves10.1016/j.fuproc.2007.09.002
Influence of torrefaction on the grindability and reactivity of woody biomass
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.028
Impact of torrefaction on the grindability and fuel characteristics of forest biomass
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.064
Biomass torrefaction characteristics in inert and oxidative atmospheres at various superficial velocities
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.065
Thermal analysis and devolatilization kinetics of cotton stalk, sugar cane bagasse and shea meal under nitrogen and air atmospheres
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.141
Thermogravimetric analysis of giant sensitive plants under air atmosphere
resolves10.1016/j.jaap.2012.03.011
Influence of torrefaction on the devolatilization and oxidation kinetics of wood
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.092
Oxidative torrefaction of biomass residues and densification of torrefied sawdust to pellets
resolves10.1016/S0378-3820(03)00202-9
Heating process characteristics and kinetics of rice straw in different atmospheres
resolves10.1016/j.jaap.2005.12.010
Kinetic study on pyrolysis and combustion of wood under different oxygen concentrations by using TG-FTIR analysis
resolves10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2008)134:4(316)
Pyrolysis Kinetics of Rice Husk in Different Oxygen Concentrations
resolves10.1016/j.jaap.2012.03.009
Biomass torrefaction under different oxygen concentrations and its effect on the composition of the solid by-product
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2011.02.035
Acetic acid and lithium chloride effects on hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.018
Effect of thermal pretreatment on equilibrium moisture content of lignocellulosic biomass
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.093
Drying characteristics and equilibrium moisture content of steam-treated Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii L.)
resolves10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.001
Mechanical and compositional characteristics of steam-treated Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii L.) during pelletization
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.016
Steam treatment of four softwood species and bark to produce torrefied wood
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.034
A comparison of gasification phenomena among raw biomass, torrefied biomass and coal in an entrained-flow reactor
resolves10.1016/0360-1285(91)90008-B
Fundamentals of coal combustion during injection into a blast furnace
resolves10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2005.10.015
Numerical prediction and practical improvement of pulverized coal combustion in blast furnace
resolves10.1016/j.enconman.2007.01.013
Performances of pulverized coal injection in blowpipe and tuyere at various operational conditions
resolves10.1016/j.energy.2009.10.028
Pulverized coal burnout in blast furnace simulated by a drop tube furnace
resolves10.3390/su5031188
Towards More Sustainable Ironmaking—An Analysis of Energy Wood Availability in Finland and the Economics of Charcoal Production
resolves10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.236-238.77
Substitution of Biomass for Coal and Coke in Ironmaking Process
resolves10.1016/j.fuproc.2008.07.007
Possible CO2 mitigation via addition of charcoal to coking coal blends
resolves10.1016/j.ijggc.2008.06.005
Potential CO2 emission reduction for BF–BOF steelmaking based on optimised use of ferrous burden materials
The 7 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedBiomass upgrading by torrefaction for the production of biofuels: a review
no DOI — not checkedDevelopment of torrefaction kinetics for British Columbia softwoods
no DOI — not checked10.1016/B978-0-12-800080-9.00010-4_bib20
no DOI — not checkedTorrefaction for biomass upgrading
no DOI — not checkedTorrefaction of babass: a potential utilization pathway
no DOI — not checkedEffect of steam treatment on pellet strength and the energy input in pelleting of softwood particles
no DOI — not checked10.1016/B978-0-12-800080-9.00010-4_bib81
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