Reference health
Investigation of injector coking effects on spray characteristic and engine performance in gasoline direct injection engines
43/43 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
14 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 43 checked references that resolve
resolves10.4271/2014-01-2722
An Investigation into the Characteristics of DISI Injector Deposits Using Advanced Analytical Methods
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2016.04.067
The effects of deposits on spray behaviors of a gasoline direct injector
resolves10.4271/1999-01-3656
A Method for Suppressing Formation of Deposits on Fuel Injector for Direct Injection Gasoline Engine
resolves10.4271/1999-01-3690
The Effect of Fuel Composition and Engine Operating Parameters on Injector Deposits in a High-Pressure Direct Injection Gasoline (DIG) Research Engine
resolves10.4271/1999-01-1498
A Comparison of Gasoline Direct Injection Part I - Fuel System Deposits and Vehicle Performance
resolves10.4271/2012-01-1642
A DOE Approach to Engine Deposit Testing used to Optimize the Design of a Gasoline Direct Injector Seat and Orifice
resolves10.4271/2003-01-1771
The Influence of Injector Deposits on Mixture Formation in a DISC SI Engine
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.06.020
Effect of fuel injector deposit on spray characteristics, gaseous emissions and particulate matter in a gasoline direct injection engine
resolves10.4271/2017-01-0808
Injector Fouling and Its Impact on Engine Emissions and Spray Characteristics in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines
resolves10.4271/2016-01-2284
The Impact of Injector Deposits on Spray and Particulate Emission of Advanced Gasoline Direct Injection Vehicle
resolves10.4271/2012-01-0391
Understanding the Effect of DISI Injector Deposits on Vehicle Performance
resolves10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.06.012
Impact of fuel and injection system on particle emissions from a GDI engine
resolves10.4271/2000-01-2020
A Study of Fuel Additives for Direct Injection Gasoline (DIG) Injector Deposit Control
resolves10.4271/2016-01-2248
Development of a Gasoline Direct Injector Fouling Test and Its Application to Study of Keep-Clean Performance at Different Additive Treat Rates
resolves10.4271/2009-01-1495
Engine Test for Accelerated Fuel Deposit Formation on Injectors Used in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines
resolves10.1046/j.1365-2818.2002.01010.x
Simultaneous phase and amplitude extraction from a single defocused image of a homogeneous object
resolves10.4271/2015-01-0746
Fuel Pressure and Charge Motion Effects on GDi Engine Particulate Emissions
resolves10.1016/S0389-4304(97)00030-1
Influence of the spray pattern on combustion characteristics in a direct injection engine
resolves10.4271/2014-01-1446
Gasoline Wall Films and Spray/Wall Interaction Analyzed by Infrared Thermography
resolves10.4271/2000-01-1906
Sources of Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Direct Injection Stratified Charge Spark Ignition Engine
resolves10.1007/s10494-015-9678-1
Experimental and Numerical Simulations of Spray Impingement and Combustion Characteristics in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines under Variable Driving Conditions
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.07.010
Soot formation in ethanol/gasoline fuel blend diffusion flames
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2012.07.044
An analysis of spray development with iso-octane, n-pentane, gasoline, ethanol and n-butanol from a multi-hole injector under hot fuel conditions
resolves10.4271/2014-01-1209
Fuel System Pressure Increase for Enhanced Performance of GDi Multi-Hole Injection Systems
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.12.019
Mechanisms of spray formation and combustion from a multi-hole injector with E85 and gasoline
resolves10.1016/0301-9322(87)90063-2
Use of breakup time data and velocity history data to predict the maximum size of stable fragments for acceleration-induced breakup of a liquid drop
resolves10.4271/2016-01-0868
Microscopic and Macroscopic Spray Characteristics of GDI Injector Using Gasohol Fuels at Various Injection Pressures
resolves10.4271/2014-01-2719
Computer Simulation Studies of Adsorption of Binary and Ternary
Mixtures of Gasoline Components in Engine Deposits
resolves10.4271/2013-01-0261
Diffusion Combustion Phenomena in GDi Engines caused by Injection Process
resolves10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2007.01.004
Effect of ambient pressure on penetration of a diesel spray
resolves10.4271/2003-01-3085
PDA Characterisation of Dense Diesel Sprays Using a Common-Rail Injection System
resolves10.4271/2010-01-1505
Spray Characteristics Study of DMF Using Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer
resolves10.4271/960631
A Computational Investigation of the Spray-Induced Flow and its Influence on the Fuel Distribution for Continuous and Intermittent DI-Diesel Sprays
resolves10.1177/0954407013483244
Characterization of the spray atomization process of a multi-hole gasoline direct injector based on measurements using a phase Doppler particle analyser
resolves10.1007/s00348-016-2147-3
Measurement of the droplets sizes of a flash boiling spray using an improved extended glare point velocimetry and sizing
The 14 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedCarbon deposit formation from thermal stressing of petroleum fuels
no DOI — not checkedDeposits in spark ignition engines, formation and threats
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.133_b0070
no DOI — not checkedEffect of GDI engine injector coking on spray
no DOI — not checkedGreen AC, DAVID M, Lambert MDD, Nandy M. Injection nozzle. Delphi Technologies Inc. Patent EP1081374 A2 patent application; 2001. <https://patents.google.com/patent/EP1081374A2/en>.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.133_b0135
no DOI — not checkedPirson SJ. Handbook of well log analysis for oil and gas formation evaluation; 1963.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.133_b0200
no DOI — not checkedNumerical analysis of deposit effect on nozzle flow and spray characteristics of GDI injectors
no DOI — not checkedGasoline direct injection engine injector tip drying
no DOI — not checkedAllocca L, Alfuso S, Marchitto L, Valentino G. GDI multi-hole injector: particle size and velocity distribution for single and jet-to-jet evolution analysis. In: The 11th Triennial Intl Annual Conf on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems; 2009.
no DOI — not checkedSpalding DB. Combustion and mass transfer: a textbook with multiple-choice exercises for engineering students. Elsevier; 2013.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.133_b0275
no DOI — not checkedStudy of nozzle deposit formation mechanism for direct injection gasoline engines
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