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High efficiency thin film GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs inverted metamorphic (IMM) solar cells based on electroplating process

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2019.02.057
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19/19 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

4 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 19 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00168-X
III–V compound multi-junction solar cells: present and future
resolves10.1016/j.solmat.2012.06.015
Electroluminescence analysis of irradiated GaInP/GaInAs/Ge space solar cells
resolves10.1002/pip.3040
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 52)
resolves10.1109/PVSC.2014.6924957
35.8% space and 38.8% terrestrial 5J direct bonded cells
resolves10.1016/j.solmat.2017.06.046
Electron irradiation study of room-temperature wafer-bonded four-junction solar cell grown by MBE
resolves10.1109/PVSC.2012.6317922
Epitaxial lift-off of GaAs thin-film solar cells followed by substrate reuse
resolves10.1109/PVSC.2015.7356137
Flexible and lightweight epitaxial lift-off GaAs multi-junction solar cells for portable power and UAV applications
resolves10.1039/c3tc32197e
Flexible photovoltaic technologies
resolves10.1063/1.98946
Extreme selectivity in the lift-off of epitaxial GaAs films
resolves10.1063/1.126276
High rate epitaxial lift-off of InGaP films from GaAs substrates
resolves10.1016/S0921-5107(02)00240-4
Influence of radius of curvature on the lateral etch rate of the weight induced epitaxial lift-off process
resolves10.1063/1.5001357
Internal stress-assisted epitaxial lift-off process for flexible thin film (In)GaAs solar cells on metal foil
resolves10.1063/1.102896
Van der Waals bonding of GaAs epitaxial liftoff films onto arbitrary substrates
resolves10.1002/pip.642
InGaP/GaAs-based multijunction solar cells
resolves10.1109/PVSC.2014.6925174
High efficiency flexible triple junction solar panels
resolves10.1109/PVSC.2008.4922900
Lightweight, low cost GaAs solar cells on 4″ epitaxial liftoff (ELO) wafers
resolves10.1109/SMELEC.2014.6920869
Epitaxial lift-off of large-area GaAs multi-junction solar cells for high efficiency clean and portable energy power generation
resolves10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.09.035
Compositionally undulating step-graded InAsyP1−y buffer layer growth by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
The 4 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedDevelopment of InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs inverted triple junction concentrator solar cells
no DOI — not checkedChallenges facing copper-plated metallisation for silicon photovoltaics: insights from integrated circuit technology development
no DOI — not checkedHigh-efficiency flexible III-V photovoltaic solar cells based on single-crystal-like thin films directly grown on metallic tapes
no DOI — not checkedPreparation of large area and high performance flexible GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs tandem solar cells
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