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Handling trace elements in WEEE recycling through copper smelting-an experimental and thermodynamic study
66/66 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
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The 66 checked references that resolve
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Distributions of As, Pb, Sn and Zn as minor elements between iron silicate slag and copper in equilibrium with tridymite in the Cu–Fe–O–Si system
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Distributions of Ag, Bi, and Sb as Minor Elements between Iron-Silicate Slag and Copper in Equilibrium with Tridymite in the Cu-Fe-O-Si System at T = 1250 °C and 1300 °C (1523 K and 1573 K)
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The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedDirective 2012/19/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on waste electrical and electronic equipment, WEEE. Official Journal of the European Union L, 197, 38-71. Accessed at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32012L0019&from=EN.
no DOI — not checkedDistribution of various elements between copper, matte and slag
no DOI — not checkedLehner, T. (1999). Integrated recycling of non-ferrous metals at Boliden Ltd., Rönnskär smelter. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment, Oak Brook, IL, USA, pp. 42-47.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107189_b0060
no DOI — not checkedRecycling of electronic scrap at Umicore's integrated metals smelter and refinery
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107189_b0085
no DOI — not checkedAnindya, A., Swinbourne, D., Reuter, M., & Matusewicz, R. (2009). Tin distribution during smelting of WEEE with copper scrap. In Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference EMC 2009, Innsbruck, Austria, 28 June-1 July 2009; GDMB Verlag GmbH: Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, 2009; pp. 555-568.
no DOI — not checkedThe behavior of tin in black copper smelting conditions with different iron-silicate based slags
no DOI — not checkedAvarmaa, K., Yliaho, S., & Taskinen, P. (2017) Indium, gallium and tin distributions between copper and slag in WEEE smelting conditions. In: Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference EMC 2017, vol 4, June 25-28, Leipzig, Germany. GDBM, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, 2017, 1485-1500.
no DOI — not checkedSukhomlinov, D., & Taskinen. P. (2017) Distribution of Ni, Co, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd between copper metals and silica saturated iron silicate slag. In: Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference EMC 2017, vol. 3, GDMB, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, 1029-1038.
no DOI — not checkedReddy, R. G. (1980). Ph.D. Thesis: Distribution of cobalt between liquid copper-cobalt alloys and cuprous-silica slags, Dept. of Metallurgy and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, December 1980.
no DOI — not checkedLouey, R., Swinbourne, & D.R., Lehner, T. (1999). Silver and tin distribution between copper matte and fayalite slag. AusIMM Proceedings. The Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 31-36.
no DOI — not checkedDistribution of Co, Fe, Ni, and precious metals between blister copper and white metal
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no DOI — not checkedPouchou, J.L. & Pichoir, F. (1986). Basic expression of “PAP” computation for quantitative EPMA. In: Brown, J.D. & Packwood, R.H. (eds.) 11th international Congress on X-ray Optics and Microanalysis (ICXOM), 249-253.
no DOI — not checkedVan Achterbergh, E., R. C.G., S.E. Jackson, & G. W.L. (2001). Data reduction software for LA-ICP-MS: appendix. P.J. Sylvester (Ed.), Laser Ablation-ICP-Mass Spectrometry in the Earth Sciences: Principles and Applications, Mineralog. Assoc. Canada (MAC) Short Course Series, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, vol. 29, 239-243.
no DOI — not checkedEquilibrium distributions of Pb, Bi, and Ag between fayalite slag and copper-rich metal, calcium ferrite slag and copper-rich metal
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