Reference health
Radicals in nascent soot from laminar premixed ethylene and ehtylene-benzene flames by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
39/39 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
1 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 39 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1186/s12989-015-0107-3
“Are we forgetting the smallest, sub 10 nm combustion generated particles?”
resolves10.1038/s41598-019-48143-y
Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations
resolves10.1002/jgrd.50171
Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment
resolves10.1016/j.proci.2010.09.009
Formation of nascent soot and other condensed-phase materials in flames
resolves10.1016/j.proci.2016.08.027
Probing soot formation, chemical and physical evolution, and oxidation: A review of in situ diagnostic techniques and needs
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19981002)37:18<2434::AID-ANIE2434>3.0.CO;2-L
Fullerenes and Soot Formation— New Pathways to Large Particles in Flames
resolves10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80371-1
Carbon addition and oxidation reactions in heterogeneous combustion and soot formation
resolves10.1016/S0082-0784(85)80578-6
Detailed kinetic modeling of soot formation in shock-tube pyrolysis of acetylene
resolves10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80115-3
Precursor formation and soot inception in premixed ethylene flames
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.11.014
Detailed modeling of size distribution functions and hydrogen content in combustion-formed particles
resolves10.1016/S0010-2180(01)00303-0
A reaction pathway for nanoparticle formation in rich premixed flames
resolves10.1126/science.aat3417
Resonance-stabilized hydrocarbon-radical chain reactions may explain soot inception and growth
resolves10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b07558
Reactivity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Soot Precursors: Implications of Localized π-Radicals on Rim-Based Pentagonal Rings
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.04.028
Role of radicals in carbon clustering and soot inception: A combined EPR and Raman spectroscopic study
resolves10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.100
Insights into incipient soot formation by atomic force microscopy
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.03.042
On the early stages of soot formation: Molecular structure elucidation by high-resolution atomic force microscopy
resolves10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00157-6
The combustion of benzene in rich premixed flames at atmospheric pressure
resolves10.3184/003685011X13130481780217
Electron Spin Resonance. Part two: A Diagnostic Method in the Environmental Sciences
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.06.009
On evolution of particle size distribution functions of incipient soot in premixed ethylene–oxygen–argon flames
resolves10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.108
The evolution of soot particles in premixed and diffusion flames by thermophoretic particle densitometry
resolves10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00638-8
Effect of dielectric constants, sample container dimensions and frequency of magnetic field modulation on the quantitative EPR response
resolves10.1021/ef00032a015
Maturation of petroleum source rocks. 1. Changes in kerogen structure and composition associated with hydrocarbon generation
resolves10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.12.019
Persistent free radicals, heavy metals and PAHs generated in particulate soot emissions and residue ash from controlled combustion of common types of plastic
resolves10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.06.025
Paramagnetic centers in particulate formed from the oxidative pyrolysis of 1-methylnaphthalene in the presence of Fe(III)2O3 nanoparticles
resolves10.1021/ef301520y
Evaluation of Raman Parameters Using Visible Raman Microscopy for Soot Oxidative Reactivity
resolves10.1016/j.proci.2018.08.003
Direct observation of aliphatic structures in soot particles produced in low-pressure premixed ethylene flames via online Raman spectroscopy
resolves10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.124
Flame temperature effect on sp2 bonds on nascent carbon nanoparticles formed in premixed flames (T > 2100 K): A Raman spectroscopy and particle mobility sizing study
resolves10.1038/nnano.2013.46
Raman spectroscopy as a versatile tool for studying the properties of graphene
resolves10.1016/j.diamond.2004.10.030
Bonding in hydrogenated diamond-like carbon by Raman spectroscopy
resolves10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116244
Probing soot structure and electronic properties by optical spectroscopy
resolves10.1063/1.3103326
Hydrogen quantification in hydrogenated amorphous carbon films by infrared, Raman, and x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopies
resolves10.1016/j.diamond.2013.02.009
Raman spectroscopy investigation of the H content of heated hard amorphous carbon layers
The 1 reference without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.proci.2020.08.024_bib0023
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