Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known
work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction,
withdrawal, or removal notice.
The 45 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.12.021Recovery of valuable metals from waste cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries using mild phosphoric acid
resolves10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.056Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion battery pack for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
resolves10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.02.073Succinic acid-based leaching system: A sustainable process for recovery of valuable metals from spent Li-ion batteries
resolves10.1021/cg201238nVapor Growth and Chemical Delithiation of Stoichiometric LiCoO<sub>2</sub> Crystals
resolves10.1016/S1452-3981(23)12879-3The Re-Synthesis of LiCoO2 from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries Separated by Vacuum-Assisted Heat-Treating Method
resolves10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03880Sustainable Preparation of LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>–V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Cathode Materials by Recycling Waste Materials of Spent Lithium-Ion Battery and Vanadium-Bearing Slag
resolves10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110500Lithium-ion batteries towards circular economy: A literature review of opportunities and issues of recycling treatments
resolves10.1016/j.wasman.2018.03.045Challenging the concept of electrochemical discharge using salt solutions for lithium-ion batteries recycling
resolves10.1016/j.wasman.2016.09.039Green and facile method for the recovery of spent Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) based Lithium ion batteries
resolves10.4491/eer.2018.392Recycling of end-of-life LiNixCoyMnzO2 batteries for rare metals recovery
resolves10.1016/j.biortech.2009.06.086Bioleaching mechanism of Co and Li from spent lithium-ion battery by the mixed culture of acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing and iron-oxidizing bacteria
resolves10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.001Bioleaching of valuable metals Li, Co, Ni and Mn from spent electric vehicle Li-ion batteries for the purpose of recovery
resolves10.1039/C7GC03376ASelective recovery of lithium from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries: a sustainable process
resolves10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120269Exploring a green route for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries: Revealing and solving deep screening problem
resolves10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104688Recycling spent lithium-ion battery as adsorbents to remove aqueous heavy metals: Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and regeneration assessment
resolves10.3390/su11082363A Sustainable Process for the Recovery of Anode and Cathode Materials Derived from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries
The 21 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedA review on environmental, economic and hydrometallurgical processes of recycling spent lithium-ion batteries
no DOI — not checkedPrice reporting agency & market intelligence for lithium ion battery, electric vehicle & energy storage supply chains
no DOI — not checkedRecycling of rare earths: a critical review
no DOI — not checkedPolítica Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS)
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105863_bib0008
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105863_bib0009
no DOI — not checkedRecovery of metals from spent lithium-ion batteries using organic acids
no DOI — not checkedDeutsche Welle (DW). Germany Hopes to Mine Lithium, the White Gold of e-Mobility’ (DW Top Stories/Business, 19 August 2019). Available in: www.dw.com/en/germany-hopes-to-mine-lithium-the-white-gold-of-e-mobility/a-50073822. Accessed 17th Sep. 2020.
no DOI — not checkedEllen Mac Arthur Foundation Towards the Circular Economy. 2013. Available in: www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/assets/downloads/publications/Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-Towards-the-Circular-Economy-vol.1. Accessed 24th Sep 2020.
no DOI — not checkedConcept of reliability and safety assessment of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles: basics, progress, and challenges
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105863_bib0025
no DOI — not checkedWater-based electrode manufacturing and direct recycling of lithium-ion battery electrodes—a green and sustainable manufacturing system
no DOI — not checkedLondon Metal Exchange (LME). Lithium at the LME. Available in; https://www.lme.com/Metals/Minor-metals/Lithium-prices#tabIndex=2. Accessed 20th Sep 2020.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105863_bib0035
no DOI — not checkedThe importance of lithium in achieving a low-carbon future: opportunities galore, but coupled with key challenges for legal professionals
no DOI — not checkedA review of physical processes used in the safe recycling of lithium ion batteries
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105863_bib0049
no DOI — not checkedA Simplified Process for Recovery of Li and Co from Spent LiCoO2 Cathode Using Al Foil As the in Situ Reductant
no DOI — not checkedGlobal battery alliance
no DOI — not checkedInnovative application of ionic liquid to separate Al and cathode materials from spent high-power lithium-ion batteries
no DOI — not checkedUltrasonic renovating and coating modifying spent lithium cobalt oxide from the cathode for the recovery and sustainable utilization of lithium-ion battery
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