Reference health
Competitive tendering, ownership and cost efficiency in road maintenance services in Sweden: A panel data analysis
21/21 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
30 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 21 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1080/10967494.2015.1048913
How Privatization Affects Public Service Quality: An Empirical Analysis of Prisons in England and Wales, 1998–2012
resolves10.1257/aer.104.4.1288
Bidding for Incomplete Contracts: An Empirical Analysis of Adaptation Costs
resolves10.1023/A:1024274527502
Is Private Delivery of Public Services Really Cheaper? Evidence from Public Road Maintenance in Denmark
resolves10.1086/260916
The Relative Efficiency of Public and Private Firms in a Competitive Environment: The Case of Canadian Railroads
resolves10.1111/j.1475-5890.1986.tb00530.x
Competitive Tendering and Efficiency: The Case of Refuse Collection
resolves10.1111/j.1475-5890.1987.tb00305.x
<i>The Impact of Competitive Tendering on the Costs of Hospital Domestic Services</i>
resolves10.1016/j.ejor.2011.12.009
Measuring the efficiency of highway maintenance contracting strategies: A bootstrapped non-parametric meta-frontier approach
resolves10.1086/466922
Vertical Integration, Appropriable Rents, and the Competitive Contracting Process
resolves10.2139/ssrn.651901
Identification and Estimation in Highway Procurement Auctions Under Unobserved Auction Heterogeneity
resolves10.1108/IJPSM-02-2016-0023
Capability versus efficiency: contracting out park and road services in Norway
resolves10.1111/j.1467-6451.2010.00430.x
CONTRACTING FOR GOVERNMENT SERVICES: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM U.S. CITIES<sup>*</sup>
resolves10.1080/03003930.2017.1398647
Contracting out local road and park services: economic effects and their strategic, contractual and competitive conditions
resolves10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.06.002
Scale, quality and efficiency in road maintenance: Evidence for English local authorities
resolves10.2307/1914093
Alternative Tests of Independence between Stochastic Regressors and Disturbances
The 30 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAffuso, L., Alvaro, A., Pollitt, M., 2002. Measuring the Efficiency of Britian's Privatised Train Operating Companies. No. 48: Regulation Initiative Discussion Paper Series.
no DOI — not checkedThe politics and economics of transport investment and pricing in Stockholm
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.tra.2020.03.004_b0025
no DOI — not checkedContracting in highway maintenance and rehabilitation: are spatial effects important?
no DOI — not checkedPublic–private partnerships: from contested concepts to prevalent practice
no DOI — not checkedMaintenance incentives in highway concession contracts
no DOI — not checkedThe significance of road transport costs in the Swedish forest industry
no DOI — not checkedISTED, 2002. La Lettre de I’STED, N26, October 2002.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.tra.2020.03.004_b0105
no DOI — not checkedPaying for the fixed costs of roads
no DOI — not checkedLIMDEP, 2016. LIMDEP Version 11 Econometric Modelling Guide, Econometric software, Inc.
no DOI — not checkedLindberg, 2009. Gunnar (VTI), CATRIN (Cost Allocation of TRansport INfrastructure cost), Deliverable D 12, Conclusions and recommendations. Funded by Sixth Framework Programme. VTI, Stockholm, June 2009.
no DOI — not checkedLink, H., Stuhlemmer, A. (DIW Berlin), Haraldsson, M. (VTI), Abrantes, P., Wheat, P., Iwnicki, S., Nash, C., Smith, A., CATRIN (Cost Allocation of TRansport INfrastructure cost), Deliverable D 1, Cost allocation Practices in the European Transport Sector. Funded by Sixth Framework Programme. VTI, Stockholm, March 2008.
no DOI — not checkedAn econometric analysis of motorway renewal costs in Germany
no DOI — not checkedA cost function approach for measuring the marginal cost of road maintenance
no DOI — not checked10.1016/j.tra.2020.03.004_b0165
no DOI — not checkedCosts and efficiency of highway concessionaires: a survey of Italian operators
no DOI — not checkedMunduch, G., Pfister, A., Sögner, L., Stiassny, A., 2002. Estimating marginal costs for the Austrian railway system. Working paper No.78.
no DOI — not checkedNash, C.A., 2018. Benchmarking Highways Working Paper, mimeo.
no DOI — not checkedMeasuring the marginal social cost of transport
no DOI — not checkedPricing European transport systems: recent developments and evidence from case studies
no DOI — not checkedDo reforms reduce the magnitudes of cost overruns in road projects? Statistical evidence from Norway
no DOI — not checkedPerkins, S., 2013. Better regulation of public-private partnerships for transport infrastructure. International transport forum, Discussion paper 2013–6.
no DOI — not checkedRicardo-AEA, 2014. Update of the handbook on external costs of transport. Final report. Ricardo-AEA/R/ED57769. Issue Number 1.
no DOI — not checkedSimple model of road infrastructure financing: The impact of different funding schemes
no DOI — not checkedSKL (Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting), 2015. Drift, Underhåll. Retrieved from: http://skl.se/samhallsplaneringinfrastruktur/trafikinfrastruktur/driftunderhall.291.html. Accessed: July 7, 2015.
no DOI — not checkedEvaluating alternative policy responses to franchise failure
no DOI — not checkedSmith, M., 2012. Sixty years of highway maintenance. The chartered institution of highways and transportation. Report.
no DOI — not checkedThe efficiency of Norwegian road toll companies
no DOI — not checkedYarmukhamedov, S., Swärdh, J-E., 2016. Marginal cost of road maintenance and operation. Swedish estimates based on data from 2004 to 2014. VTI notat 15A-2016.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-07-23 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1016/j.tra.2020.03.004"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1016/j.tra.2020.03.004/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1016/j.tra.2020.03.004)