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Passivation phenomenon of low antimony alloys in deep discharge conditions of lead–acid batteries

https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0728(03)00016-0
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24/24 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

4 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 24 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/0378-7753(92)80044-C
Premature capacity-loss mechanisms in lead/acid batteries
resolves10.1016/0378-7753(94)80016-2
Effect of corrosion layer on phenomena that cause premature capacity loss in lead/acid batteries
resolves10.1016/0378-7753(94)80017-0
Effects of grid alloy on the properties of positive-plate corrosion layers in lead/acid batteries. Implications for premature capacity loss under repetitive deep-discharge cycling service
resolves10.1007/BF01058867
Mechanical and corrosion properties of low antimony lead alloys
resolves10.1149/1.2407747
Growth Processes of the Anodic Crystalline Layer on Potentiostatic Oxidation of Lead in Sulfuric Acid
resolves10.1149/1.2129770
Mechanism of the Electrochemical Oxidation of Lead to Lead Dioxide Electrode in  H 2 SO 4 Solution
resolves10.1149/1.2108791
Corrosion of Lead in Sulfuric Acid at High Potentials
resolves10.1149/1.2425996
Anodic Oxidation of Lead at Constant Potential
resolves10.1149/1.2403449
Ion Selectivity and Diffusion Potentials in Corrosion Layers
resolves10.1016/S0013-4686(98)00055-3
In-situ ellipsometric study of lead sulfate film electroformation on lead in a sulfuric acid solution
resolves10.1149/1.1391564
Mechanism of Formation of Dense Anodic Films of PbO on Lead and Lead Alloys in Sulfuric Acid: Use of an 18 O  Tracer
resolves10.1016/S0013-4686(99)00186-3
Mechanism of passivation of Pb(Ca)–Sn alloys in sulfuric acid: role of tin
resolves10.1016/0022-0728(91)85202-Z
The effect of antimony on the anodic behaviour of lead in H2SO4 solution
resolves10.1016/0378-7753(94)01925-8
The effect of alloying with antimony on the electrochemical properties of lead
resolves10.1016/S0378-7753(96)02494-9
Influence of antimony on the properties of the anodic oxide layer formed on Pb-Sb alloys
resolves10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00380-8
Electrochemical characteristics of Pb–Sb alloys in sulfuric acid solutions
resolves10.1016/0167-2738(86)90031-7
A Nonlinear Least Squares Fit procedure for analysis of immittance data of electrochemical systems
resolves10.1016/0013-4686(88)80044-6
Photocurrent spectroscopy of the lead electrode in sulphuric acid
resolves10.1016/0013-4686(91)85300-V
Ring-disk electrode studies of soluble intermediates formed during the polarization of Pb in H2SO4
resolves10.1016/0022-0728(93)80293-Q
Characterization of passive layers formed on lead by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
resolves10.1016/0013-4686(78)87005-4
Processes in solid state at anodic oxidation of a lead electrode in H2SO4 solution and their dependence on the oxide structure and properties
resolves10.1016/S0022-0728(79)80186-2
Numerical analysis of electrical response
resolves10.1016/S0167-2738(97)00114-8
Thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical intercalation of lithium into Li0.50WO3.25 with a hexagonal tungsten bronze structure
resolves10.1016/S0167-2738(97)00196-3
Electrochemical properties of the mixed oxide Fe0.11V2O5.16 as a Li intercalation compound
The 4 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedH.K. Giess, in: K.R. Bullock, D. Pavlov (Eds), Proceeding of Symposium. Advances in Lead–Acid Batteries, Proc., The Electrochem. Soc., Inc., Pennington, NJ, USA, 1984, p. 241.
no DOI — not checked10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00016-0_BIB6
no DOI — not checked10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00016-0_BIB20
no DOI — not checked10.1016/S0022-0728(03)00016-0_BIB26
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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