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Improving Policy Credibility: Is There a Case for African Monetary Unions?
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15/15 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-25
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
24 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 15 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.jae.a020906
Small Country Experiences with Exchange Rates and Inflation: the Case of Botswana
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.jae.a020935
Macroeconomic Shocks and Trade Flows within Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Optimum Currency Arrangements
resolves10.5089/9781557753588.084
Limiting Central Bank Credit to the Government: Theory and Practice
resolves10.1596/1813-9450-2356
Bureaucratic Delegation and Political Institutions: When Are Independent Central Banks Irrelevant?
resolves10.2307/3866425
The East African Currency Board (Le Conseil Monetaire Est Africain) (La Junta Monetaria del Africa Oriental)
resolves10.1017/S0043887100012867
Federalism and Central bank Independence: The Politics of German Monetary Policy, 1957–92
The 24 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedBank of Uganda (various years). Annual Report. Kampala: BOU
no DOI — not checked10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00038-3_BIB3
no DOI — not checkedCalamitsis, E., Basu, A., & Ghura, D. (1999). Adjustment and growth in sub-Saharan Africa. International Monetary Fund Working Paper No. 51
no DOI — not checkedCollier, P., & Gunning, J. (1996). Restraint, cooperation and conditionality in African trade policy. In P. Collier, & C. Pattillo, Risk and restraint: reducing the perceived risks of African investment. New York and London: Macmillan and St. Martin’s Press
no DOI — not checkedInflation, credibility, and the role of the International Monetary Fund
no DOI — not checked10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00038-3_BIB11
no DOI — not checkedInternational commodity prices, macroeconomic performance, and politics in sub-Saharan Africa
no DOI — not checkedEichengreen, B. (1994). International monetary arrangements for the 21st century. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution
no DOI — not checkedEuropean Union (1997). Green Paper on relations between the European Union and the ACP countries on the eve of the 21st century. Brussels: European Union
no DOI — not checkedGhosh, A., Gulde, A. -M., Ostry, J., & Wolf, H. (1997). Does the nominal exchange rate regime matter? National Bureau of Economic Research working paper, No. 5874
no DOI — not checkedGuillaume, D., & Stasavage, D. (1999). Making and breaking monetary policy rules: the experience of African countries, WP 99/2. Center for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford, Oxford
no DOI — not checkedGulhati, R., Bose, S., & Atukorala, V. (1983). Exchange rate policies in Eastern and Southern Africa: 1965–1983. World Bank Staff Working Papers No. 720. Washington, DC: The World Bank
no DOI — not checkedGurr, T., Jaggers, K., & Moore, W. (1998). Polity codebook. Center for Comparative Politics, Department of Political Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
no DOI — not checkedInternational Monetary Fund (1963). The CFA Franc system. International Monetary Fund Staff Papers No. 10. Washington, DC: IMF
no DOI — not checkedInternational Monetary Fund (various issues). Surveys of African economies. Washington, DC: IMF
no DOI — not checkedInternational Monetary Fund (1997). The ESAF at ten years. Economic adjustment and reform in low-income countries. International Monetary Fund Occasional Paper No. 156. Washington, DC: IMF
no DOI — not checkedInternational Monetary Fund (1999). The cross-border initiative in Eastern and Southern Africa. Mimeo
no DOI — not checked10.1016/S0305-750X(00)00038-3_BIB25
no DOI — not checkedKimei, C. (1987). Tanzania's financial experience in the post-war period. Doctoral dissertation. Uppsala: SIAS
no DOI — not checkedLe Monde, November 30, 1972
no DOI — not checkedDe Loynes, J. B. Personal papers. Bank of England archives
no DOI — not checkedMoser, P. (1996). Checks and balances, and the supply of central bank independence. Mimeo: University of St. Gallen
no DOI — not checkedTirongo, M. (1998). Exchange rate policy options for Namibia. Ph.D. Dissertation. Oxford: University of Oxford
no DOI — not checkedOptimal contracts for central bankers
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