Reference health
Modeling the effect of mandatory district compactness on partisan gerrymanders
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23/23 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-25
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
28 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 23 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/S0962-6298(98)00015-8
Modeling the effect of mandatory district compactness on partisan gerrymanders
resolves10.2307/439420
Pruning Thorns from the Thicket: An Empirical Test of the Existence of Racial Gerrymandering
resolves10.1111/j.1541-0064.1992.tb01128.x
COMPACTNESS AND ELECTORAL BOUNDARY ADJUSTMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE MEASURES
resolves10.1111/j.1749-6632.1973.tb41403.x
A REDISTRICTING ALGORITHM APPLIED TO GEOGRAPHIC REORGANIZATION OF CIRCUIT COURTS
resolves10.1111/j.1467-8306.1982.tb01817.x
The Identification and Evaluation of Racial Gerrymandering
resolves10.2307/1289795
Expressive Harms, "Bizarre Districts," and Voting Rights: Evaluating Election-District Appearances after Shaw v. Reno
resolves10.2307/1289797
Ugly: An Inquiry into the Problem of Racial Gerrymandering under the Voting Rights Act
resolves10.2307/1599154
Political Gerrymandering: A Statutory Compactness Standard as an Antidote for Judicial Impotence
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no DOI — not checkedCongressional Quarterly Staff (1993) Congressional Quarterlys Guide to 1990 Redistricting. Congressional Quarterly, Inc., Washington, D.C.
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no DOI — not checkedGriffith, E. C. (1974) Rise and Development of the Gerrymander. Arno Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedGrofman, B. (1982) For single-member districts random is not equal. In Representation and Redistricting Issues, eds B. Grofman, A. Lijphart, R. S. McKay and H. A. Scarrow. Lexington Books, Lexington.
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no DOI — not checkedGudgin, G. and Taylor, P. J. (1979) Seats, Votes and the Spatial Organization of Elections. Pion Limited, London.
no DOI — not checkedHofeller, T. and Grofman, B. (1990) Comparing the compactness of California congressional districts under three different plans: 1980, 1982, and 1984. In Political Gerrymandering and the Courts, ed. B. Grofman. Agathon Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedMaps and misreadings: the role of geographic compactness in racial vote dilution litigation
no DOI — not checkedLijphart, A. (1989) Comparative perspectives on fair representation: the plurality–majority rule, geographical districting, and alternative electoral arrangements. In Representation and Redistricting Issues, eds B. Grofman, A. Lijphard, R. B. McKay and H. A. Scarrow. Lexington Books, Lexington.
no DOI — not checkedThe quest for legislative districting in the public interest: elusive or illusory?
no DOI — not checkedMorrill, R. (1990) A geographer's perspective. In Political Gerrymandering and the Courts, ed. B. Grofman. Agathon Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedMeasuring compactness and the role of a compactness standard in a test for partisan and racial gerrymandering
no DOI — not checkedNiemi, R. G. and Wilkerson, J. (1990) Compactness and the 1980's districts in the Indiana state house: evidence of political gerrymandering? In Political Gerrymandering and the Courts, ed. B. Grofman. Agathon Press, New York.
no DOI — not checkedPapadimitriou, C.M. (1994) Computational Complexity. USA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
no DOI — not checkedThe third criterion: compactness as a procedural safeguard against partisan gerrymandering
no DOI — not checkedRose Institute of State and Local Government (1980) Reapportionment and computers. In California Redistricting. Claremont Men's College, Claremont.
no DOI — not checkedSchelling, T. C. (1978) Micromotives and Macrobehavior. W. W. Norton and Company, New York.
no DOI — not checkedShepherd, J. W. and Jenkins, M. A. (1970) Decentralizing high school administration in detroit: a computer evaluation of alternative strategies of political control. In Proceedings: Conference on Inter-Disciplinary research on Computer Science. Computer Science Association of Canada.
no DOI — not checkedTaylor, P. J. and Johnston, R. J. (1979) Geography of Elections. Penguin Books Harmondsworth.
no DOI — not checkedvan Laarhoven, P. J. M. and Aarts, E. H. L. (1989) Simulated Annealing: Theory and Applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.
no DOI — not checkedWells, D. (1982) Against affirmative gerrymandering. In Representation and Redistricting Issues, eds B. Grofman, A. Lijphard, R. B. McKay and H. A. Scarrow. Lexington Books, Lexington.
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