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Roles of Base in the Pd-Catalyzed Annulative Chlorophenylene Dimerization

https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.9b05328
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The 5 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
no DOI — not checkedFrisch, M. J.; Trucks, G. W.; Schlegel, H. B.; Scuseria, G. E.; Robb, M. A.; Cheeseman, J. R.; Scalmani, G.; Barone, V.; Mennucci, B.; Petersson, G. A.; Nakatsuji, H.; Caricato, M.; Li, X.; Hratchian, H. P.; Izmaylov, A. F.; Bloino, J.; Zheng, G.; Sonnenberg, J. L.; Hada, M.; Ehara, M.; Toyota, K.; Fukuda, R.; Hasegawa, J.; Ishida, M.; Nakajima, T.; Honda, Y.; Kitao, O.; Nakai, H.; Vreven, T.; Montgomery, J. A., Jr; Peralta, J. E.; Ogliaro, F.; Bearpark, M.; Heyd, J. J.; Brothers, E.; Kudin, K. N.; Staroverov, V. N.; Kobayashi, R.; Normand, J.; Raghavachari, K.; Rendell, A.; Burant, J. C.; Iyengar, S. S.; Tomasi, J.; Cossi, M.; Rega, N.; Millam, M. J.; Klene, M.; Knox, J. E.; Cross, J. B.; Bakken, V.; Adamo, C.; Jaramillo, J.; Gomperts, R.; Stratmann, R. E.; Yazyev, O.; Austin, A. J.; Cammi, R.; Pomelli, C.; Ochterski, J. W.; Martin, R. L.; Morokuma, K.; Zakrzewski, V. G.; Voth, G. A.; Salvador, P.; Dannenberg, J. J.; Dapprich, S.; Daniels, A. D.; Farkas, Ö.; Foresman, J. B.; Ortiz, J. V.; Cioslowski, J.; Fox, D. J. Gaussian 09, revision D.01; Gaussian, Inc.: Wallingford, CT, 2009.
no DOI — not checkedWe were not able to locate a transition state associated with this process but expect the barrier to be small.
no DOI — not checkedWe have also investigated the second C–Cl activation from INT3_Cs_P, in which the phosphine ligand binds with palladium (compared to INT3_Cs in which no phosphine ligand). However, the activation barrier for this pathwayis 5.4 kcal/mol higher than from INT3_Cs. See Figure S8 in the Supporting Information for details.
no DOI — not checkedWe have also studied the second C–Cl activation from D2a_Cs (this complex comes after phosphine ligand dissociation on C1_Cs) but the activation barrier is 1.2 kcal/mol higher than that from D1_Cs (see Figure S9 in the Supporting Information).
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