Reference health
Have Federal Sentencing Guidelines Reduced Severity? An Examination of One Circuit
77/77 checkable references clean · checked 2026-08-03
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
57 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 77 checked references that resolve
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Court Structure, Defense Attorney Use, and Juvenile Court Decisions
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RACE, RACIAL THREAT, AND SENTENCING OF HABITUAL OFFENDERS*
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The Effect of Social Class on the Adjudication of Criminal Cases: Class‐linked Behavior Tendencies, Common Sense, and the Interpretive Procedures of Court‐appointed Defense Attorneys
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Separate justice: An analysis of race differences in court processes
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THE NEW PENOLOGY: NOTES ON THE EMERGING STRATEGY OF CORRECTIONS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS*
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Justice by Geography: Urban, Suburban, and Rural Variations in Juvenile Justice Administration
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Gender Differences in Informal Processing: A Look at Charge Bargaining and Sentence Reduction in Washington, D.C.
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Federal Sentencing in the Wake of Guidelines: Unacceptable Limits on the Discretion of Sentencers
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Determinate Sentencing and the High Cost of Overblown Rhetoric: The New York Experience
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Deviation from sentencing guidelines: The issue of unwarranted disparity
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The Differential Sentencing of White-Collar Offenders in Ten Federal District Courts
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Chapter 5. Sample Selection Bias As A Specification Error With An Application To The Estimation Of Labor Supply Functions
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Ethnicity, legal resources, and felony dispositions in two southwestern jurisdictions
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The Bail Guidelines Experiment in Dade County, Miami: A Case Study in the Development and Implementation of a Policy Innovation
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WOMEN, CRIME, AND DEPENDENCY <i>An Application of the Theory of Law</i>
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Differential Treatment of Corporate Defendants by Juries: An Examination of the “Deep-Pockets” Hypothesis
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Charging and Plea Bargaining Practices under Determinate Sentencing: An Investigation of the Hydraulic Displacement of Discretion
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SOCIOECONOMIC DISPARITIES UNDER DETERMINATE SENTENCING SYSTEMS: A COMPARISON OF PREGUIDELINE AND POSTGUIDELINE PRACTICES IN MINNESOTA*
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Racial Differences in Criminal Processing: The Consequences of Model Selection on Conclusions About Differential Treatment
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Regulated and Unregulated Sentencing Decisions: An Analysis of First-Year Practices Under Minnesota's Felony Sentencing Guidelines
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URBAN JUSTICE, RURAL INJUSTICE? URBANIZATION AND ITS EFFECT ON SENTENCING*
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The Role of Gender in a Structured Sentencing System: Equal Treatment, Policy Choices, and the Sentencing of Female Offenders under the United States Sentencing Guidelines
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POLICY RELEVANCE AND THE FUTURE OF CRIMINOLOGY—The American Society of Criminology. 1990 Presidential Address*
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Changing Conceptions of Race: Towards an Account of Anomalous Findings of Sentencing Research
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Sentence Disparity, Use of Incarceration, and Plea Bargaining: The Post-Guideline View from the Commission
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The role of criminal record in the federal sentencing guidelines
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Just Deserts, The Severity Of Punishment And Judicial Sentencing Decisions
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PUNISHING POLITICAL OFFENDERS: THE EFFECT OF POLITICAL MOTIVE ON FEDERAL SENTENCING DECISIONS*
resolves10.2307/3053666
The Sentencing Decisions of Black and White Judges: Expected and Unexpected Similarities
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Race and disparities in sentencing: A test of the liberation hypothesis
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THE IMPACT OF THE ETHNICITY AND GENDER OF DEFENDANTS ON THE DECISION TO REJECT OR DISMISS FELONY CHARGES*
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THE INTERACTION OF RACE, GENDER, AND AGE IN CRIMINAL SENTENCING: THE PUNISHMENT COST OF BEING YOUNG, BLACK, AND MALE
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SENTENCING AND UNWARRANTED DISPARITY: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LONG‐TERM IMPACT OF SENTENCING GUIDELINES IN MINNESOTA*
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COURT COMMUNITIES UNDER SENTENCING GUIDELINES: DILEMMAS OF FORMAL RATIONALITY AND SENTENCING DISPARITY
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The Use and Transformation of Formal Decision-Making Criteria: Sentencing Guidelines, Organizational Contexts, and Case Processing Strategies
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Class, Status, and the Punishment of White-Collar Criminals
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Are female felons treated more leniently by the criminal justice system?
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Revising Federal Sentencing Policy: Some Consequences of Expanding Eligibility for Alternative Sanctions
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