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A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films

https://doi.org/10.1038/353737a0
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16/16 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-26

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

3 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 16 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1038/238037a0
Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode
resolves10.1038/326861a0
Chemical modification of n-GaAs electrodes with Os3+ gives a 15% efficient solar cell
resolves10.1016/0013-4686(90)87067-C
The impact of semiconductors on the concepts of electrochemistry
resolves10.1038/326863a0
A light-variation insensitive high efficiency solar cell
resolves10.1021/ar00065a004
Conversion of sunlight into electrical power and photoassisted electrolysis of water in photoelectrochemical cells
resolves10.1098/rsta.1980.0141
Photoelectrochemical cells
resolves10.1016/S0022-0728(77)80363-X
Electrochemistry and photochemistry of MoS2 layer crystals. I
resolves10.1021/ar50141a001
Photoelectrochemical conversion of optical energy to electricity and fuels
resolves10.1126/science.207.4427.139
Photoelectrochemistry
resolves10.1246/bcsj.50.2533
Dye-sensitization on the Photocurrent at Zinc Oxide Electrode in Aqueous Electrolyte Solution
resolves10.1051/rphysap:019810016010500
Dye sensitization of ceramic semiconducting electrodes for photoelectrochemical conversion
resolves10.1021/ja00163a035
Experimental time scale of Gerischer's distribution curves for electron-transfer reactions at semiconductor electrodes
resolves10.1021/ja00176a003
Design of antenna-sensitizer polynuclear complexes. Sensitization of titanium dioxide with [Ru(bpy)2(CN)2]2Ru(bpy(COO)2)22-
resolves10.1002/hlca.19900730624
Conversion of Light into Electricity with Trinuclear Ruthenium Complexes Adsorbed on Textured TiO<sub>2</sub> Films
resolves10.1016/0010-8545(88)80032-8
Ru(II) polypyridine complexes: photophysics, photochemistry, eletrochemistry, and chemiluminescence
resolves10.1021/j100387a017
Vectorial electron injection into transparent semiconductor membranes and electric field effects on the dynamics of light-induced charge separation
The 3 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedBucher, K. & Fricke, J. Phys. Zeit 21, 237–244 (1980).
no DOI — not checkedMemming, R. Phil. Tech. Rev. 38, 160 (1979).
no DOI — not checkedAnderson, M. A., Gieselmann, M. J. & Xu, Q. J. Membrane Sci. 392, 43 (1988).
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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