Reference health

Assembly and localization of Toll-like receptor signalling complexes

https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3713
CiteStamped reference-health badge
112/112 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-26

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

The 112 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1101/SQB.1989.054.01.003
Approaching the Asymptote? Evolution and Revolution in Immunology
resolves10.1146/annurev.biochem.76.060305.151318
Structure and Function of Toll Receptors and Their Ligands
resolves10.1016/j.immuni.2009.09.018
Recognition of Lipopeptide Patterns by Toll-like Receptor 2-Toll-like Receptor 6 Heterodimer
resolves10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.008
Crystal Structure of the TLR1-TLR2 Heterodimer Induced by Binding of a Tri-Acylated Lipopeptide
resolves10.1126/science.1215584
Structural Basis of TLR5-Flagellin Recognition and Signaling
resolves10.1084/jem.189.11.1777
MD-2, a Molecule that Confers Lipopolysaccharide Responsiveness on Toll-like Receptor 4
resolves10.1126/science.1139111
Crystal Structures of Human MD-2 and Its Complex with Antiendotoxic Lipid IVa
resolves10.1016/j.cell.2007.08.002
Crystal Structure of the TLR4-MD-2 Complex with Bound Endotoxin Antagonist Eritoran
resolves10.1038/nature07830
The structural basis of lipopolysaccharide recognition by the TLR4–MD-2 complex
resolves10.1038/ni758
Small anti-viral compounds activate immune cells via the TLR7 MyD88–dependent signaling pathway
resolves10.1126/science.1229159
Structural Reorganization of the Toll-Like Receptor 8 Dimer Induced by Agonistic Ligands
resolves10.1038/ni1479
Ligand-induced conformational changes allosterically activate Toll-like receptor 9
resolves10.1074/jbc.M605003200
Conserved Features in the Extracellular Domain of Human Toll-like Receptor 8 Are Essential for pH-dependent Signaling
resolves10.1002/eji.200425218
Toll‐like receptor 9 binds single‐stranded CpG‐DNA in a sequence‐ and pH‐dependent manner
resolves10.1021/ja400994e
Characterizing the Protonation State of Cytosine in Transient G·C Hoogsteen Base Pairs in Duplex DNA
resolves10.1038/mt.2010.4
Rational Design of Immunostimulatory siRNAs
resolves10.1084/jem.20100682
Nucleic acid recognition by Toll-like receptors is coupled to stepwise processing by cathepsins and asparagine endopeptidase
resolves10.1038/nature07405
The ectodomain of Toll-like receptor 9 is cleaved to generate a functional receptor
resolves10.1038/ni.1669
Proteolytic cleavage in an endolysosomal compartment is required for activation of Toll-like receptor 9
resolves10.1126/science.1155406
Structural Basis of Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling with Double-Stranded RNA
resolves10.1016/j.jmb.2012.05.006
Lateral Clustering of TLR3:dsRNA Signaling Units Revealed by TLR3ecd:3Fabs Quaternary Structure
resolves10.1073/pnas.1317002110
Cytokine Spätzle binds to the <i>Drosophila</i> immunoreceptor Toll with a neurotrophin-like specificity and couples receptor activation
resolves10.1074/jbc.M800112200
Structural Insight into the Mechanism of Activation of the Toll Receptor by the Dimeric Ligand Spätzle
resolves10.1007/978-3-540-72167-3_9
Structure of Toll-Like Receptors
resolves10.1074/jbc.M110.205419
The Ectodomain of the Toll-like Receptor 4 Prevents Constitutive Receptor Activation
resolves10.1016/j.cell.2012.12.032
Conformational Coupling across the Plasma Membrane in Activation of the EGF Receptor
resolves10.1038/nri2079
The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling
resolves10.1074/jbc.M113.523407
Crystal Structures of the Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) Domains from the Brucella Protein TcpB and Host Adaptor TIRAP Reveal Mechanisms of Molecular Mimicry
resolves10.1038/35040600
Structural basis for signal transduction by the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domains
resolves10.1074/jbc.C800001200
The Crystal Structure of the Human Toll-like Receptor 10 Cytoplasmic Domain Reveals a Putative Signaling Dimer
resolves10.1073/pnas.1104780108
Crystal structure of Toll-like receptor adaptor MAL/TIRAP reveals the molecular basis for signal transduction and disease protection
resolves10.1073/pnas.0812956106
Structural basis for the multiple interactions of the MyD88 TIR domain in TLR4 signaling
resolves10.1073/pnas.1222811110
Structures and interface mapping of the TIR domain-containing adaptor molecules involved in interferon signaling
resolves10.1126/science.282.5396.2085
Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in <i>Tlr4</i> Gene
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.179.10.6867
Spatiotemporal Mobilization of Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor Molecule-1 in Response to dsRNA
resolves10.1016/j.febslet.2007.06.008
Distinct roles of TIR and non‐TIR regions in the subcellular localization and signaling properties of MyD88
resolves10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.047
Phosphoinositide-Mediated Adaptor Recruitment Controls Toll-like Receptor Signaling
resolves10.1073/pnas.0510041103
The myristoylation of TRIF-related adaptor molecule is essential for Toll-like receptor 4 signal transduction
resolves10.1073/pnas.0600462103
Trif-related adapter molecule is phosphorylated by PKCε during Toll-like receptor 4 signaling
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0000788
A Dimer of the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Cytoplasmic Domain Provides a Specific Scaffold for the Recruitment of Signalling Adaptor Proteins
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.178.5.2655
Cutting Edge: Differential Inhibition of TLR Signaling Pathways by Cell-Permeable Peptides Representing BB Loops of TLRs
resolves10.1124/mol.110.068064
TAK-242 (Resatorvid), a Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 4 Signaling, Binds Selectively to TLR4 and Interferes with Interactions between TLR4 and Its Adaptor Molecules
resolves10.1016/j.tibs.2011.11.003
Different dimerisation mode for TLR4 upon endosomal acidification?
resolves10.1038/ng1976
A Mal functional variant is associated with protection against invasive pneumococcal disease, bacteremia, malaria and tuberculosis
resolves10.4238/vol10-1gmr980
Association of TIRAP (MAL) gene polymorhisms with susceptibility to tuberculosis in a Chinese population
resolves10.1126/science.1158298
Pyogenic Bacterial Infections in Humans with MyD88 Deficiency
resolves10.1073/pnas.0603804103
Details of Toll-like receptor:adapter interaction revealed by germ-line mutagenesis
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.1002424
Targeting TLR4 Signaling by TLR4 Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain-Derived Decoy Peptides: Identification of the TLR4 Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain Dimerization Interface
resolves10.1073/pnas.1313575110
Recruitment of TLR adapter TRIF to TLR4 signaling complex is mediated by the second helical region of TRIF TIR domain
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.1300849
An Alanine-to-Proline Mutation in the BB-Loop of TLR3 Toll/IL-1R Domain Switches Signalling Adaptor Specificity from TRIF to MyD88
resolves10.1073/pnas.0710779105
The TLR3 signaling complex forms by cooperative receptor dimerization
resolves10.1074/jbc.M109.022392
An Oligomeric Signaling Platform Formed by the Toll-like Receptor Signal Transducers MyD88 and IRAK-4
resolves10.1038/nri1916
Toll-like receptors as molecular switches
resolves10.1016/j.sbi.2012.02.006
Helical assembly in the death domain (DD) superfamily
resolves10.1016/j.bcp.2010.06.020
The interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases: Critical regulators of innate immune signalling
resolves10.1074/jbc.273.20.12203
MyD88, an Adapter Protein Involved in Interleukin-1 Signaling
resolves10.1016/j.it.2010.12.005
What the Myddosome structure tells us about the initiation of innate immunity
resolves10.1038/nature09121
Helical assembly in the MyD88–IRAK4–IRAK2 complex in TLR/IL-1R signalling
resolves10.1038/nsmb1132
Dynamically driven protein allostery
resolves10.1084/jem.20021790
Inhibition of Interleukin 1 Receptor/Toll-like Receptor Signaling through the Alternatively Spliced, Short Form of MyD88 Is Due to Its Failure to Recruit IRAK-4
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.1100515
The Role of Intermediary Domain of MyD88 in Cell Activation and Therapeutic Inhibition of TLRs
resolves10.1074/jbc.M110.159996
Two Human MYD88 Variants, S34Y and R98C, Interfere with MyD88-IRAK4-Myddosome Assembly
resolves10.1038/emboj.2013.2
IRAK‐M mediates Toll‐like receptor/IL‐1R‐induced NFκB activation and cytokine production
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.179.7.4754
TLR9 Activation Induces Normal Neutrophil Responses in a Child with IRAK-4 Deficiency: Involvement of the Direct PI3K Pathway
resolves10.1016/j.molimm.2013.11.008
Functional assessment of the mutational effects of human IRAK4 and MyD88 genes
resolves10.1074/jbc.M805427200
Assembly of Oligomeric Death Domain Complexes during Toll Receptor Signaling
resolves10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81542-1
Three-Dimensional Structure of a Complex between the Death Domains of Pelle and Tube
resolves10.1038/nature09671
Oncogenically active MYD88 mutations in human lymphoma
resolves10.1056/NEJMoa1200710
MYD88 L265P Somatic Mutation in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia
resolves10.1074/jbc.M109.099101
A Molecular Mechanism for Toll-IL-1 Receptor Domain-containing Adaptor Molecule-1-mediated IRF-3 Activation
resolves10.1038/ni1061
RIP1 is an essential mediator of Toll-like receptor 3–induced NF-κB activation
resolves10.1016/j.molimm.2009.12.002
Direct binding of TRAF2 and TRAF6 to TICAM-1/TRIF adaptor participates in activation of the Toll-like receptor 3/4 pathway
resolves10.1107/S0907444913022385
The TLR signalling adaptor TRIF/TICAM-1 has an N-terminal helical domain with structural similarity to IFIT proteins
resolves10.1073/pnas.1116302108
Toll-like receptors activate programmed necrosis in macrophages through a receptor-interacting kinase-3–mediated pathway
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.173.5.2913
Cutting Edge: TNFR-Associated Factor (TRAF) 6 Is Essential for MyD88-Dependent Pathway but Not Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing IFN-β (TRIF)-Dependent Pathway in TLR Signaling
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.171.8.4304
Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor Inducing IFN-β (TRIF) Associates with TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 and TANK-Binding Kinase 1, and Activates Two Distinct Transcription Factors, NF-κB and IFN-Regulatory Factor-3, in the Toll-Like Receptor Signaling
resolves10.1172/JCI59259
Herpes simplex encephalitis in children with autosomal recessive and dominant TRIF deficiency
resolves10.1016/j.immuni.2010.08.014
Human TRAF3 Adaptor Molecule Deficiency Leads to Impaired Toll-like Receptor 3 Response and Susceptibility to Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
resolves10.1126/science.1139522
TLR3 Deficiency in Patients with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
resolves10.1126/science.1128346
Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis in Human UNC-93B Deficiency
resolves10.1038/nature03326
Toll-like receptor 3 promotes cross-priming to virus-infected cells
resolves10.1084/jem.20092140
Human CD141+ (BDCA-3)+ dendritic cells (DCs) represent a unique myeloid DC subset that cross-presents necrotic cell antigens
resolves10.1073/pnas.0605978104
Antitumor NK activation induced by the Toll-like receptor 3-TICAM-1 (TRIF) pathway in myeloid dendritic cells
resolves10.1084/jem.20071132
A protein associated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 (PRAT4A) is required for TLR-dependent immune responses
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.177.3.1772
A Protein Associated with Toll-Like Receptor 4 (PRAT4A) Regulates Cell Surface Expression of TLR4
resolves10.1038/ncb1001-891
Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 is required for innate immunity but not cell viability
resolves10.1073/pnas.0306906101
Isolation of an endotoxin–MD-2 complex that produces Toll-like receptor 4-dependent cell activation at picomolar concentrations
resolves10.1074/jbc.M109910200
MD-2 and TLR4 N-Linked Glycosylations Are Important for a Functional Lipopolysaccharide Receptor
resolves10.1038/ni809
Essential role of MD-2 in LPS responsiveness and TLR4 distribution
resolves10.1126/scisignal.2005275
The COP II adaptor protein TMED7 is required to initiate and mediate the delivery of TLR4 to the plasma membrane
resolves10.1073/pnas.1009428107
Ras-related protein Rab10 facilitates TLR4 signaling by promoting replenishment of TLR4 onto the plasma membrane
resolves10.1016/j.immuni.2010.09.010
The Rab11a GTPase Controls Toll-like Receptor 4-Induced Activation of Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 on Phagosomes
resolves10.1038/sj.emboj.7600991
Endocytic pathways regulate Toll‐like receptor 4 signaling and link innate and adaptive immunity
resolves10.1016/j.cell.2011.09.051
CD14 Controls the LPS-Induced Endocytosis of Toll-like Receptor 4
resolves10.1038/ni1297
The Unc93b1 mutation 3d disrupts exogenous antigen presentation and signaling via Toll-like receptors 3, 7 and 9
resolves10.7554/eLife.00291
UNC93B1 mediates differential trafficking of endosomal TLRs
resolves10.1038/42408
Functional rafts in cell membranes
resolves10.1021/bi025943i
Cholesterol Levels Modulate EGF Receptor-Mediated Signaling by Altering Receptor Function and Trafficking
resolves10.1128/MCB.00160-10
T-Cell Receptor Microclusters Critical for T-Cell Activation Are Formed Independently of Lipid Raft Clustering
resolves10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.182568
Free Cholesterol Accumulation in Macrophage Membranes Activates Toll-Like Receptors and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Induces Cathepsin K
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.1100253
Intracellular Lipid Flux and Membrane Microdomains as Organizing Principles in Inflammatory Cell Signaling
resolves10.1194/jlr.M006486
Macrophage ABCA1 reduces MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor trafficking to lipid rafts by reduction of lipid raft cholesterol
resolves10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.019
A Promiscuous Lipid-Binding Protein Diversifies the Subcellular Sites of Toll-like Receptor Signal Transduction
resolves10.1006/bcmd.2001.0441
Synergy between TLR2 and TLR4: A safety mechanism
resolves10.1126/science.1127344
Imaging Intracellular Fluorescent Proteins at Nanometer Resolution
resolves10.1038/nmeth929
Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM)
resolves10.1529/biophysj.106.091116
Ultra-High Resolution Imaging by Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy
resolves10.1016/j.jaad.2003.11.066
Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: results from two phase III, randomized, vehicle-controlled studies
resolves10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-0392
A Phase I Dose-Finding Study of the Novel Toll-like Receptor 8 Agonist VTX-2337 in Adult Subjects with Advanced Solid Tumors or Lymphoma
resolves10.4049/jimmunol.181.11.8002
Inhibitors of TLR8 Reduce TNF Production from Human Rheumatoid Synovial Membrane Cultures
resolves10.1021/bi060717k
The Crystal Structure of the BAR Domain from Human Bin1/Amphiphysin II and Its Implications for Molecular Recognition
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

checked 2026-07-26 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record

Embed this badge

Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.

<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1038/nri3713"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1038/nri3713/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[![CiteStamped reference-health badge](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1038/nri3713/badge.svg)](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1038/nri3713)