Reference health
Integrated electrocatalytic processing of levulinic acid and formic acid to produce biofuel intermediate valeric acid
47/47 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
9 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 47 checked references that resolve
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Future CO
<sub>2</sub>
Emissions and Climate Change from Existing Energy Infrastructure
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Catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fine chemicals and fuels
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Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Biomass: Chemistry, Catalysts, and Engineering
resolves10.1039/c2ee22526c
A sulfuric acid management strategy for the production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels via catalytic conversion of biomass-derived levulinic acid
resolves10.1039/c2gc35881f
Production of butene oligomers as transportation fuels using butene for esterification of levulinic acid from lignocellulosic biomass: process synthesis and technoeconomic evaluation
resolves10.1039/b922014c
Technology development for the production of biobased products from biorefinery carbohydrates—the US Department of Energy’s “Top 10” revisited
resolves10.1016/S0921-3449(99)00047-6
Production of levulinic acid and use as a platform chemical for derived products
resolves10.1002/cssc.201200111
Development of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Levulinic Acid to γ‐Valerolactone
resolves10.1002/cssc.201000163
Conversion of Levulinic Acid and Formic Acid into γ‐Valerolactone over Heterogeneous Catalysts
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.01.033
RuSn bimetallic catalysts for selective hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone
resolves10.1039/c1gc15047b
Production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels by catalytic conversion of biomass-derived levulinic acid
resolves10.1126/science.1184362
Integrated Catalytic Conversion of γ-Valerolactone to Liquid Alkenes for Transportation Fuels
resolves10.1039/C2EE23617F
Integrated conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose from lignocellulosic biomass
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.07.029
Conversion of cellulose to hydrocarbon fuels by progressive removal of oxygen
resolves10.1002/cssc.201000396
Reactive Extraction of Levulinate Esters and Conversion to γ‐Valerolactone for Production of Liquid Fuels
resolves10.1002/cssc.201100483
Conversion of Biomass‐Derived Levulinate and Formate Esters into γ‐Valerolactone over Supported Gold Catalysts
resolves10.1002/cssc.201100137
Conversion of Mono‐ and Disaccharides to Ethyl Levulinate and Ethyl Pyranoside with Sulfonic Acid‐Functionalized Ionic Liquids
resolves10.1002/cssc.201200416
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Acetone in a Proton‐Exchange‐Membrane Reactor: A Model Reaction for the Electrocatalytic Reduction of Biomass
resolves10.1039/c2gc35552c
Mild electrocatalytic hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil derived phenolic compounds using ruthenium supported on activated carbon cloth
resolves10.1002/cssc.201200765
Electricity Storage in Biofuels: Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of Levulinic Acid to Valeric Acid or γ‐Valerolactone
resolves10.1002/fuce.200400052
Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells with 600 mA cm<sup>–2</sup> at 0.4 V and 22 °C
resolves10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.12.031
Performance characterization of Pd/C nanocatalyst for direct formic acid fuel cells
resolves10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.05.052
Nanostructured Pt/C and Pd/C catalysts for direct formic acid fuel cells
resolves10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.10.011
Carbon-supported Pd–Ir catalyst as anodic catalyst in direct formic acid fuel cell
resolves10.1021/ac901096h
Electrocatalytic Activity of Pd−Co Bimetallic Mixtures for Formic Acid Oxidation Studied by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
resolves10.1016/j.elecom.2009.06.023
Carbon-supported PdSn nanoparticles as catalysts for formic acid oxidation
resolves10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.004
Performance of the direct formic acid fuel cell with electrochemically modified palladium–antimony anode catalyst
resolves10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.07.032
Tungsten carbide promoted Pd and Pd–Co electrocatalysts for formic acid electrooxidation
resolves10.1039/c3gc00090g
The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of furanic compounds in a continuous electrocatalytic membrane reactor
resolves10.1016/j.jcat.2006.11.009
Mild electrocatalytic hydrogenation of lactic acid to lactaldehyde and propylene glycol
resolves10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.062
Carbon nanotube supported platinum–palladium nanoparticles for formic acid oxidation
resolves10.1016/j.electacta.2012.01.016
Study of acetate adsorption at the platinum electrode/acid electrolyte interface using “blocking effects”: Influences of acetate adsorption on ethanol fuel cell electrodes
resolves10.1016/0040-4020(95)00143-V
Acidity of alkyl substituted alcohols: Are alkyl groups electron-donating or electron-withdrawing?
resolves10.1023/A:1017587310150
Electrocatalytic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols: Application to the direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC)
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.02.009
Electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol on Pt/C in anion-exchange membrane fuel cell: Cogeneration of electricity and valuable chemicals
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Electrochemistry for biofuel generation: Electrochemical conversion of levulinic acid to octane
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Aqueous electrocatalytic hydrogenation of furfural using a sacrificial anode
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Simultaneous Generation of Mesoxalic Acid and Electricity from Glycerol on a Gold Anode Catalyst in Anion‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
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Pd–Ni electrocatalysts for efficient ethanol oxidation reaction in alkaline electrolyte
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Preparation and Characterization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube-Supported Platinum for Cathode Catalysts of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
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Surface dealloyed PtCo nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotube: facile synthesis and promising application for anion exchange membrane direct crude glycerol fuel cell
The 9 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedR. W. Dudley , BP Energy Outlook 2030, BP Statistical Review, London, 2011
no DOI — not checkedG. W. Huber , Breaking the chemical and engineering barriers to lignocellulosic biofuels: next generation hydrocarbon biorefineries, NSF, ACS and US-DOE Workshop report, Washington D.C., 2007
no DOI — not checkedP. Meisen , Renewable Energy Potential of Latin America, Global Energy Network Institute (GENI), San Diego, California, 2009
no DOI — not checkedP. Meisen , Renewable Energy Potential of China: Making the Transition from Coal-Fired Generation, Global Energy Network Institute (GENI), San Diego, California, 2009
no DOI — not checkedL. E. Manzer , Biomass Derivatives: A Sustainable Source of Chemicals, National Science Foundation Workshop: Catalysis for Renewables Conversion, Arlington, VA, 2004
no DOI — not checkedG. Kulesa , Manufacture of Industrial Chemical From Levulinic Acid: A New Feedstock For The Chemicals Industry, Chemical Project Fact Sheet, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1999
no DOI — not checkedM. J. Janik , S. A.Wasileski, C. D.Taylor and M.Neurock, in Fuel Cell Catalysis: A Surface Science Approach, ed. M. T. M. Koper, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2008, ch. 4
no DOI — not checkedR. A. van Santen , in Catalysis for Renewables: From Feedstock to Energy Production, ed. G. Centi and R. A. van Santen, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2007, ch. 1
no DOI — not checkedC3GC42254B-(cit55)/*[position()=1]
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