Reference health
Metal-free photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution
381/381 checkable references clean · checked 2026-09-10
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
8 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 381 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1002/chem.201503580
Solar Electricity and Solar Fuels: Status and Perspectives in the Context of the Energy Transition
resolves10.1021/es4013504
Graphene and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>Nanosheets Cowrapped Elemental α-Sulfur As a Novel Metal-Free Heterojunction Photocatalyst for Bacterial Inactivation under Visible-Light
resolves10.1038/s41560-018-0171-7
The next phase of the energy transition and its implications for research and policy
resolves10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2011.07.001
Photocatalytic water splitting using semiconductor particles: History and recent developments
resolves10.1039/C4RA05749J
Novel visible light-induced g-C
<sub>3</sub>
N
<sub>4</sub>
quantum dot/BiPO
<sub>4</sub>
nanocrystal composite photocatalysts for efficient degradation of methyl orange
resolves10.1016/j.cej.2014.07.012
Facile modification of a graphitic carbon nitride catalyst to improve its photoreactivity under visible light irradiation
resolves10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00075
Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C
<sub>3</sub>
N
<sub>4</sub>
)-Based Photocatalysts for Artificial Photosynthesis and Environmental Remediation: Are We a Step Closer To Achieving Sustainability?
resolves10.1038/natrevmats.2017.30
Functional carbon nitride materials — design strategies for electrochemical devices
resolves10.1002/advs.201800820
Tuning the Intrinsic Properties of Carbon Nitride for High Quantum Yield Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
resolves10.1038/s41560-019-0456-5
Current understanding and challenges of solar-driven hydrogen generation using polymeric photocatalysts
resolves10.1039/C7TA10404A
Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus containing metal-free photocatalysts for hydrogen production: progress and challenges
resolves10.1002/adma.201807166
Electrochemical CO
<sub>2</sub>
Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design
resolves10.1021/acsnano.9b03861
Carbon Nitride Transforms into a High Lithium Storage Capacity Nitrogen-Rich Carbon
resolves10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2011.02.001
Photocatalysis A to Z—What we know and what we do not know in a scientific sense
resolves10.1039/C5EE03732H
2D phosphorene as a water splitting photocatalyst: fundamentals to applications
resolves10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.025
Advances in surface passivation and emitter optimization techniques of c-Si solar cells
resolves10.1063/1.5038785
Reduced recombination and low-resistive transport of electrons for photo-redox reactions in metal-free hybrid photocatalyst
resolves10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00542
Understanding Charge Transport in Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic Solar Fuel Production
resolves10.1007/s10562-014-1397-z
Photocatalytic Water-Splitting Reaction from Catalytic and Kinetic Perspectives
resolves10.1021/ja039303u
Electrodeless Determination of the Trap Density, Decay Kinetics, and Charge Separation Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO<sub>2</sub>
resolves10.1021/jp951142w
Spectroscopic Determination of Electron and Hole Effective Masses in a Nanocrystalline Semiconductor Film
resolves10.1039/b719943k
Interpretation of electron diffusion coefficient in organic and inorganic semiconductors with broad distributions of states
resolves10.1021/ja055866p
Direct Observation of Reactive Trapped Holes in TiO<sub>2</sub> Undergoing Photocatalytic Oxidation of Adsorbed Alcohols: Evaluation of the Reaction Rates and Yields
resolves10.1021/ja042973v
RuO<sub>2</sub>-Loaded β-Ge<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> as a Non-Oxide Photocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
resolves10.1246/cl.2006.796
Overall Water Splitting by RuO2-dispersed Divalent-ion-doped GaN Photocatalysts with d10 Electronic Configuration
resolves10.1016/j.solener.2003.08.039
The sun’s total and spectral irradiance for solar energy applications and solar radiation models
resolves10.1039/b502147b
Nickel and either tantalum or niobium-codoped TiO2 and SrTiO3 photocatalysts with visible-light response for H2 or O2 evolution from aqueous solutions
resolves10.1007/s10562-008-9557-7
Effect of Metal Ion Addition in a Ni Supported Ga2O3 Photocatalyst on the Photocatalytic Overall Splitting of H2O
resolves10.1021/cm062586f
Crystal Structure and Electron Density of Tantalum Oxynitride, a Visible Light Responsive Photocatalyst
resolves10.1002/adma.200702975
Nitrogen‐doped Lamellar Niobic Acid with Visible Light‐responsive Photocatalytic Activity
resolves10.1002/marc.1988.030090103
Visible light sensitization of platinized TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst by surface‐coated polymers derivatized with ruthenium tris(bipyridyl)
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.023
Mesoporous plasmonic Au–TiO2 nanocomposites for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic water reduction
resolves10.1039/b917399d
Visible-light-induced photocatalysis through surface plasmon excitation of gold on titania surfaces
resolves10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b06854
Surface Modification of TiO<sub>2</sub> with Au Nanoclusters for Efficient Water Treatment and Hydrogen Generation under Visible Light
resolves10.1021/jp047777p
Effects of Surface Anchoring Groups (Carboxylate vs Phosphonate) in Ruthenium-Complex-Sensitized TiO<sub>2</sub> on Visible Light Reactivity in Aqueous Suspensions
resolves10.1021/j150662a028
Visible-light-induced oxygen generation from aqueous dispersions of tungsten(VI) oxide
resolves10.1038/414625a
Direct splitting of water under visible light irradiation with an oxide semiconductor photocatalyst
resolves10.1021/jp0216225
Surface Characterization of Nanoparticles of NiO<i><sub>x</sub></i>/In<sub>0.9</sub>Ni<sub>0.1</sub>TaO<sub>4</sub>: Effects on Photocatalytic Activity
resolves10.1021/jp802537u
Visible-Light-Responding BiYWO<sub>6</sub> Solid Solution for Stoichiometric Photocatalytic Water Splitting
resolves10.1016/0038-092X(80)90405-3
Oxide semiconductors in photoelectrochemical conversion of solar energy
resolves10.1021/jp0255482
Visible-Light-Response and Photocatalytic Activities of TiO
<sub>2</sub>
and SrTiO
<sub>3</sub>
Photocatalysts Codoped with Antimony and Chromium
resolves10.1021/jp074707k
Photocatalytic O
<sub>2</sub>
Evolution of Rhodium and Antimony-Codoped Rutile-Type TiO
<sub>2</sub>
under Visible Light Irradiation
resolves10.1016/j.jssc.2006.01.024
A generic method of visible light sensitization for perovskite-related layered oxides: Substitution effect of lead
resolves10.1002/adfm.200500799
Effects of Structural Variation on the Photocatalytic Performance of Hydrothermally Synthesized BiVO
<sub>4</sub>
resolves10.1002/cphc.200500278
Bismuth–Copper Vanadate BiCu<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>6</sub> as a Novel Photocatalyst for Efficient Visible‐Light‐Driven Oxygen Evolution
resolves10.1021/cm071588c
Role of Sn<sup>2+</sup> in the Band Structure of SnM<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> and Sn<sub>2</sub>M<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>(M = Nb and Ta) and Their Photocatalytic Properties
resolves10.1016/j.cplett.2003.07.026
Significant influence of solvent on hydrogen production from aqueous I3−/I− redox solution using dye-sensitized Pt/TiO2 photocatalyst under visible light irradiation
resolves10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.04.031
Dye-sensitized photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production from aqueous I− solution under visible light irradiation
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.09.045
Plasma-assisted synthesis of Ag/ZnO nanocomposites: First example of photo-induced H2 production and sensing
resolves10.1002/cvde.201004289
CVD Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanopyramids: a Nano‐Platform for Photo‐Assisted H<sub>2</sub> Production
resolves10.1021/ja210078d
F-Doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Photocatalysts for Sustainable H<sub>2</sub> Generation from Water/Ethanol
resolves10.1039/c2jm31589k
Vertically oriented CuO/ZnO nanorod arrays: from plasma-assisted synthesis to photocatalytic H2 production
resolves10.1002/ejic.201100532
Photocatalytic H
<sub>2</sub>
and Added‐Value By‐Products – The Role of Metal Oxide Systems in Their Synthesis from Oxygenates
resolves10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.06.056
Photoassisted H2 production by metal oxide nanomaterials fabricated through CVD-based approaches
resolves10.1021/j100243a005
Photocatalytic hydrogen production from solutions of sulfite using platinized cadmium sulfide powder
resolves10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.02.003
Band structure-controlled solid solution of Cd1-xCd1-x ZnxSZnxS photocatalyst for hydrogen production by water splitting
resolves10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.07.059
Photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light irradiation on AgIn5S8 photocatalyst
resolves10.1002/anie.200500346
Open‐Framework Chalcogenides as Visible‐Light Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation from Water
resolves10.1021/ja050281g
Na<sub>5</sub>(In<sub>4</sub>S)(InS<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O, a Zeolite-like Structure with Unusual SIn<sub>4</sub> Tetrahedra
resolves10.1021/ja048296m
Photocatalytic H
<sub>2</sub>
Evolution Reaction from Aqueous Solutions over Band Structure-Controlled (AgIn)
<i>
<sub>x</sub>
</i>
Zn
<sub>2(1</sub>
<sub>-</sub>
<i>
<sub>x</sub>
</i>
<sub>)</sub>
S
<sub>2</sub>
Solid Solution Photocatalysts with Visible-Light Response and Their Surface Nanostructures
resolves10.1002/anie.200500314
Visible‐Light‐Induced H
<sub>2</sub>
Evolution from an Aqueous Solution Containing Sulfide and Sulfite over a ZnS–CuInS
<sub>2</sub>
–AgInS
<sub>2</sub>
Solid‐Solution Photocatalyst
resolves10.1063/1.2900984
Indium induced band gap tailoring in AgGa1−xInxS2 chalcopyrite structure for visible light photocatalysis
resolves10.1021/j100251a002
Photoassisted hydrogen production using visible light and coprecipitated zinc sulfide.cntdot.cadmium sulfide without a noble metal
resolves10.1023/A:1019067025917
Photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light irradiation on Zn1-x
Cu
x
S solid solution
resolves10.1021/cm0527017
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution on ZnS−CuInS
<sub>2</sub>
−AgInS
<sub>2</sub>
Solid Solution Photocatalysts with Wide Visible Light Absorption Bands
resolves10.1021/jp0212500
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Water on Nanocomposites Incorporating Cadmium Sulfide into the Interlayer
resolves10.1016/j.jssc.2006.05.010
Structural, textural and photocatalytic properties of quantum-sized In2S3-sensitized Ti-MCM-41 prepared by ion-exchange and sulfidation methods
resolves10.1016/j.jcat.2006.07.023
Improvement of photocatalytic activity of (Ga1−Zn )(N1−O ) solid solution for overall water splitting by co-loading Cr and another transition metal
resolves10.1039/B202393H
An oxynitride, TaON, as an efficient water oxidation photocatalyst under visible light irradiation (λ ≤ 500 nm)
resolves10.1246/cl.2003.196
TiNxOyFz as a Stable Photocatalyst for Water Oxidation in Visible Light (&lt;570 nm)
resolves10.1021/jp0765188
Studies on TiN<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<i><sub>y</sub></i>F<i><sub>z</sub></i> as a Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalyst
resolves10.1021/cm9005162
Physicochemical Effects on Photocatalytic Water Oxidation by Titanium Fluorooxynitride Powder under Visible Light
resolves10.1002/cssc.201000207
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Perovskite Niobium Oxynitrides with Wide Visible‐Light Absorption Bands
resolves10.1021/ja0269643
Oxysulfide Sm
<sub>2</sub>
Ti
<sub>2</sub>
S
<sub>2</sub>
O
<sub>5</sub>
as a Stable Photocatalyst for Water Oxidation and Reduction under Visible Light Irradiation (λ ≤ 650 nm)
resolves10.1021/cm034540h
Novel Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Oxysulfide Sm<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>
resolves10.1021/jp036890x
Oxysulfides Ln
<sub>2</sub>
Ti
<sub>2</sub>
S
<sub>2</sub>
O
<sub>5</sub>
as Stable Photocatalysts for Water Oxidation and Reduction under Visible-Light Irradiation
resolves10.1021/ja1016552
Facile Fabrication of an Efficient Oxynitride TaON Photoanode for Overall Water Splitting into H<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> under Visible Light Irradiation
resolves10.1016/j.cattod.2004.04.040
Photocatalytic reduction of water by TaON under visible light irradiation
resolves10.1038/nmat2317
A metal-free polymeric photocatalyst for hydrogen production from water under visible light
resolves10.1002/anie.200903886
Synthesis of a Carbon Nitride Structure for Visible‐Light Catalysis by Copolymerization
resolves10.1021/jp109963z
Stability of Hydrogen-Terminated Surfaces of Silicon Nanowires in Aqueous Solutions
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.10.028
Red phosphorus: An elemental photocatalyst for hydrogen formation from water
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.04.019
Room-temperature synthesis of single-crystalline Se nanorods with remarkable photocatalytic properties
resolves10.1038/srep18002
Visible-light active conducting polymer nanostructures with superior photocatalytic activity
resolves10.1039/C9TA11088G
Polypyrrole nanostructures modified with mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles for photocatalytic H
<sub>2</sub>
generation
resolves10.1002/anie.201700949
Enhancing Light Absorption and Charge Transfer Efficiency in Carbon Dots through Graphitization and Core Nitrogen Doping
resolves10.1002/adma.201301207
Graphene‐Based Materials for Hydrogen Generation from Light‐Driven Water Splitting
resolves10.1002/anie.201304505
P‐Doped Graphene Obtained by Pyrolysis of Modified Alginate as a Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation from Water–Methanol Mixtures
resolves10.1002/chem.201303689
N‐Doped Graphene Derived from Biomass as a Visible‐Light Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation from Water/Methanol Mixtures
resolves10.1039/c2nr31480k
Recent progress on graphene-based photocatalysts: current status and future perspectives
resolves10.1002/anie.201603331
An Elemental Phosphorus Photocatalyst with a Record High Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency
resolves10.1002/adma.201605776
Black Phosphorus Revisited: A Missing Metal‐Free Elemental Photocatalyst for Visible Light Hydrogen Evolution
resolves10.1021/jacs.7b08474
Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Water Splitting over Edge-Modified Phosphorene Nanoribbons
resolves10.1073/pnas.1800069115
Facile bottom-up synthesis of partially oxidized black phosphorus nanosheets as metal-free photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1039/C8TA07034B
p-Type BP nanosheet photocatalyst with AQE of 3.9% in the absence of a noble metal cocatalyst: investigation and elucidation of photophysical properties
resolves10.1016/0022-3697(86)90123-X
Indirect band gap investigation of orthorhombic single crystals of sulfur
resolves10.1039/C39860001758
A novel graphite-like material of composition BC
<sub>3</sub>
, and nitrogen–carbon graphites
resolves10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.177003
Phonon Dispersion Curves of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">B</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Honeycomb Epitaxial Sheet
resolves10.1021/acsomega.8b01998
Theoretical Studies on the Electronic and Optical
Properties of Honeycomb BC3 monolayer: A Promising Candidate
for Metal-free Photocatalysts
resolves10.1006/jssc.2000.8815
IR-Active Phonons and Structure Elements of Isotope-Enriched Boron Carbide
resolves10.1006/jssc.2000.8812
Structural Defects of Some Icosahedral Boron-Rich Solids and Their Correlation with the Electronic Properties
resolves10.1002/anie.201209363
Boron Carbides as Efficient, Metal‐Free, Visible‐Light‐Responsive Photocatalysts
resolves10.1002/solr.201900014
Green Synthesis of Lamellae Rhombohedra Boron Suboxide for Efficient Photoreduction Catalysis with Visible Light Response
resolves10.1021/ja01491a014
The Preparation and Properties of Boron Phosphides and Arsenides<sup>1</sup>
resolves10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.08.041
n-type boron phosphide as a highly stable, metal-free, visible-light-active photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1149/1.2131514
Diffusion Layers Formed in Si Substrates during the Epitaxial Growth of BP and Application to Devices
resolves10.1246/bcsj.58.2634
Photoelectrochemical Behavior of p-Type Boron Phosphide Photoelectrode in Acidic Solution
resolves10.1002/admi.201900062
2D New Nonmetal Photocatalyst of Sulfur‐Doped h‐BN Nanosheeets with High Photocatalytic Activity
resolves10.1002/chem.200601759
Unmasking Melon by a Complementary Approach Employing Electron Diffraction, Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy, and Theoretical Calculations—Structural Characterization of a Carbon Nitride Polymer
resolves10.1039/b820032g
Structure elucidation of polyheptazine imide by electron diffraction—a templated 2D carbon nitride network
resolves10.1002/zaac.201900043
From Heptazines to Triazines – On the Formation of Poly(triazine imide)
resolves10.1002/chem.200800190
Ionothermal Synthesis of Crystalline, Condensed, Graphitic Carbon Nitride
resolves10.1039/C5TA10194H
Surface activated carbon nitride nanosheets with optimized electro-optical properties for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production
resolves10.1002/adma.201501939
An Amorphous Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst with Greatly Extended Visible‐Light‐Responsive Range for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
resolves10.1002/adfm.201702384
A Benchmark Quantum Yield for Water Photoreduction on Amorphous Carbon Nitride
resolves10.1002/smll.201700376
Counteracting Blueshift Optical Absorption and Maximizing Photon Harvest in Carbon Nitride Nanosheet Photocatalyst
resolves10.1002/anie.201804996
Photochemical Construction of Carbonitride Structures for Red‐Light Redox Catalysis
resolves10.1002/anie.201706870
Optimizing Optical Absorption, Exciton Dissociation, and Charge Transfer of a Polymeric Carbon Nitride with Ultrahigh Solar Hydrogen Production Activity
resolves10.1002/anie.201700286
A Facile Steam Reforming Strategy to Delaminate Layered Carbon Nitride Semiconductors for Photoredox Catalysis
resolves10.1021/acscatal.6b00922
Tri-<i>s</i>-triazine-Based Crystalline Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Photocatalysis
resolves10.1002/anie.201606102
Precise Formation of a Hollow Carbon Nitride Structure with a Janus Surface To Promote Water Splitting by Photoredox Catalysis
resolves10.1002/anie.201106656
Co‐Monomer Control of Carbon Nitride Semiconductors to Optimize Hydrogen Evolution with Visible Light
resolves10.1002/anie.201205333
A Facile Band Alignment of Polymeric Carbon Nitride Semiconductors to Construct Isotype Heterojunctions
resolves10.1021/jp809119m
Photocatalytic Activities of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Powder for Water Reduction and Oxidation under Visible Light
resolves10.1073/pnas.1605318113
Two-dimensional polyaniline (C
<sub>3</sub>
N) from carbonized organic single crystals in solid state
resolves10.1002/adma.201501503
Eutectic Syntheses of Graphitic Carbon with High Pyrazinic Nitrogen Content
resolves10.1039/C7TA04041E
Diaminotetrazine based mesoporous C
<sub>3</sub>
N
<sub>6</sub>
with a well-ordered 3D cubic structure and its excellent photocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1002/anie.201702386
Highly Ordered Nitrogen‐Rich Mesoporous Carbon Nitrides and Their Superior Performance for Sensing and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
resolves10.1038/nnano.2016.304
An efficient and pH-universal ruthenium-based catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
resolves10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b01734
Cobalt Oxide Encapsulated in C<sub>2</sub>N-<i>h</i>2D Network Polymer as a Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution
resolves10.1021/jacs.9b00144
C
<sub>3</sub>
N
<sub>5</sub>
: A Low Bandgap Semiconductor Containing an Azo-Linked Carbon Nitride Framework for Photocatalytic, Photovoltaic and Adsorbent Applications
resolves10.1039/C7MH01111C
Topological carbon nitride: localized photon absorption and delocalized charge carrier separation at intertwined photocatalyst interfaces
resolves10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.125402
Enabling Pt-free photocatalytic hydrogen evolution on polymeric melon: Role of amorphization for overcoming the limiting factors
resolves10.1002/aenm.201701503
g‐C
<sub>3</sub>
N
<sub>4</sub>
‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts
resolves10.1021/cr3000626
Band Bending in Semiconductors: Chemical and Physical Consequences at Surfaces and Interfaces
resolves10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2012.07.002
Kinetics and mechanisms of charge transfer processes in photocatalytic systems: A review
resolves10.1021/jacs.7b02869
Ultrafast Spectroscopy Reveals Electron-Transfer Cascade That Improves Hydrogen Evolution with Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts
resolves10.1002/adma.201503448
Complementing Graphenes: 1D Interplanar Charge Transport in Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitrides
resolves10.1021/jacs.7b01547
Time-Resolved
Spectroscopic Investigation of Charge
Trapping in Carbon Nitrides Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation
resolves10.1039/C6CP01600F
Charge carrier kinetics of carbon nitride colloid: a femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy study
resolves10.1038/s41467-018-05590-x
Half-metallic carbon nitride nanosheets with micro grid mode resonance structure for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1039/C8NR04505D
Where do photogenerated holes at the g-C
<sub>3</sub>
N
<sub>4</sub>
/water interface go for water splitting: H
<sub>2</sub>
O or OH
<sup>−</sup>
?
resolves10.1002/anie.201713102
Experimental Identification of Ultrafast Reverse Hole Transfer at the Interface of the Photoexcited Methanol/Graphitic Carbon Nitride System
resolves10.1002/anie.201804702
Ionothermal Synthesis of Triazine–Heptazine‐Based Copolymers with Apparent Quantum Yields of 60 % at 420 nm for Solar Hydrogen Production from “Sea Water”
resolves10.1039/c3cp55191a
Origin of the enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of CNT modified g-C3N4 for H2 production
resolves10.1039/C4DT00256C
Synthesis of carbon black/carbon nitride intercalation compound composite for efficient hydrogen production
resolves10.1021/jp200953k
Preparation and Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>-Production Activity of Graphene/C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>Composites
resolves10.1038/ncomms16049
Combining photocatalytic hydrogen generation and capsule storage in graphene based sandwich structures
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.04.034
Ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets coupled with carbon nanodots as 2D/0D composites for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution
resolves10.1002/anie.201605591
Graphitic Carbon Nitride/Nitrogen‐Rich Carbon Nanofibers: Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution without Cocatalysts
resolves10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00211
Robust Wide Visible-Light-Responsive Photoactivity for H
<sub>2</sub>
Production over a Polymer/Polymer Heterojunction Photocatalyst: The Significance of Sacrificial Reagent
resolves10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09064
Fullerenes/Graphite Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Ability
resolves10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b07243
Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution on Band Structure Tuned Polytriazine/Heptazine Based Carbon Nitride Heterojunctions with Ordered Needle-like Morphology Achieved by an In Situ Molten Salt Method
resolves10.1039/C6SE00004E
n/n junctioned g-C
<sub>3</sub>
N
<sub>4</sub>
for enhanced photocatalytic H
<sub>2</sub>
generation
resolves10.1021/jacs.7b08416
Metal-Free Photocatalyst for H
<sub>2</sub>
Evolution in Visible to Near-Infrared Region: Black Phosphorus/Graphitic Carbon Nitride
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.04.006
Red phosphor/g-C3N4 heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic activities for solar fuels production
resolves10.1002/adfm.201703484
Effective Prevention of Charge Trapping in Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Nanosized Red Phosphorus Modification for Superior Photo(electro)catalysis
resolves10.1002/adma.201606198
Molecular Design of Polymer Heterojunctions for Efficient Solar–Hydrogen Conversion
resolves10.1126/science.aaa3145
Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible water splitting via a two-electron pathway
resolves10.1021/jacs.6b11878
Fast Photoelectron Transfer in (C<sub>ring</sub>)–C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Plane Heterostructural Nanosheets for Overall Water Splitting
resolves10.1002/anie.201109257
BCN Graphene as Efficient Metal‐Free Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
resolves10.1002/adma.201803668
Borocarbonitrides as Metal‐Free Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
resolves10.1039/C7CC05557A
Bio-templated fabrication of metal-free boron carbonitride tubes for visible light photocatalysis
resolves10.1002/adma.201201792
Binary and Ternary Atomic Layers Built from Carbon, Boron, and Nitrogen
resolves10.1039/c2jm15109j
Facile synthesis of vertically aligned hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets hybridized with graphitic domains
resolves10.1039/c2nr32201c
Advances in 2D boron nitride nanostructures: nanosheets, nanoribbons, nanomeshes, and hybrids with graphene
resolves10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b02793
Electric Property Variations in Nanosized Hexagonal Boron Nitride/Graphene Hybrids
resolves10.1038/srep01858
Semihydrogenated BN Sheet: A Promising Visible-light Driven Photocatalyst for Water Splitting
resolves10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00220-6
B–C–N, C–N and B–N nanotubes produced by the pyrolysis of precursor molecules over Co catalysts
resolves10.1021/ja067592r
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and First Principles Calculation of BCN Nanotubes
resolves10.1039/C2CS35305A
Long-lived charge separated states in nanostructured semiconductor photoelectrodes for the production of solar fuels
resolves10.1002/cssc.201600773
Charge Transport in Two‐Photon Semiconducting Structures for Solar Fuels
resolves10.1038/s41570-016-0003
Earth-abundant catalysts for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water splitting
resolves10.1126/science.aad3459
Semiconductor interfacial carrier dynamics via photoinduced electric fields
resolves10.1021/nl504035j
Quantifying Bulk and Surface Recombination Processes in Nanostructured Water Splitting Photocatalysts via In Situ Ultrafast Spectroscopy
resolves10.1039/C6QM00241B
Graphene oxide coupled carbon nitride homo-heterojunction photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen production
resolves10.1039/C7QM00020K
Engineering the surface charge states of nanostructures for enhanced catalytic performance
resolves10.1039/C5CC02704G
Some recent developments in surface and interface design for photocatalytic and electrocatalytic hybrid structures
resolves10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01894
Soft Photocatalysis: Organic Polymers for Solar Fuel Production
resolves10.1002/adma.201805062
Fused Aromatic Network Structures as a Platform for Efficient Electrocatalysis
resolves10.1016/j.ccr.2012.12.006
Tri-s-triazines (s-heptazines)—From a “mystery molecule” to industrially relevant carbon nitride materials
resolves10.1002/adma.201703399
Twinned Growth of Metal‐Free, Triazine‐Based Photocatalyst Films as Mixed‐Dimensional (2D/3D) van der Waals Heterostructures
resolves10.1002/chem.201703332
Tailored Band Gaps in Sulfur‐ and Nitrogen‐Containing Porous Donor–Acceptor Polymers
resolves10.1039/C7CC01827D
Fast tuning of covalent triazine frameworks for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1021/jacs.7b11255
Diacetylene Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework (COF) for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
resolves10.1002/cssc.201802034
Tuning the Porosity and Photocatalytic Performance of Triazine‐Based Graphdiyne Polymers through Polymorphism
resolves10.1038/nchem.2771
Anionic silicate organic frameworks constructed from hexacoordinate silicon centres
resolves10.1002/anie.201510542
Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution Using Planarized Conjugated Polymer Photocatalysts
resolves10.1039/C6CC03536A
Extended conjugated microporous polymers for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water
resolves10.1002/aenm.201700479
A Solution‐Processable Polymer Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution from Water
resolves10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02833
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Water Using
Fluorene and Dibenzothiophene Sulfone-Conjugated Microporous and Linear
Polymers
resolves10.1038/s41557-018-0141-5
Sulfone-containing covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water
resolves10.1021/jacs.9b03591
Accelerated
Discovery of Organic Polymer Photocatalysts
for Hydrogen Evolution from Water through the Integration of Experiment
and Theory
resolves10.1039/C8TA11383A
Emulsion polymerization derived organic photocatalysts for improved light-driven hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1038/natrevmats.2016.68
Covalent organic frameworks: a materials platform for structural and functional designs
resolves10.1021/ar500037v
Dynamic Covalent Chemistry Approaches Toward Macrocycles, Molecular Cages, and Polymers
resolves10.1021/ja308278w
Construction of Crystalline 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks with Remarkable Chemical (Acid/Base) Stability via a Combined Reversible and Irreversible Route
resolves10.1002/anie.201306775
Enhancement of Chemical Stability and Crystallinity in Porphyrin‐Containing Covalent Organic Frameworks by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds
resolves10.1039/C4SC00016A
A hydrazone-based covalent organic framework for photocatalytic hydrogen production
resolves10.1038/ncomms9508
A tunable azine covalent organic framework platform for visible light-induced hydrogen generation
resolves10.1002/aenm.201703278
Tailor‐Made Photoconductive Pyrene‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Visible‐Light Driven Hydrogen Generation
resolves10.1021/jacs.7b07489
Single-Site
Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
from Covalent Organic Frameworks with Molecular Cobaloxime Co-Catalysts
resolves10.1039/C7FD00051K
Structure–property–activity relationships in a pyridine containing azine-linked covalent organic framework for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1021/jacs.9b03243
Sustained
Solar H2 Evolution from a Thiazolo[5,4-
<i>d</i>
]thiazole-Bridged Covalent Organic Framework and Nickel-Thiolate
Cluster in Water
resolves10.1016/j.chempr.2019.04.015
2D sp2 Carbon-Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water
resolves10.1038/s41467-018-07420-6
Understanding structure-activity relationships in linear polymer photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b11133
Validating a Density Functional Theory Approach for
Predicting the Redox Potentials Associated with Charge Carriers and
Excitons in Polymeric Photocatalysts
resolves10.1002/adma.200903436
Rational Extension of the Family of Layered, Covalent, Triazine‐Based Frameworks with Regular Porosity
resolves10.1002/anie.201402191
Triazine‐Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride: a Two‐Dimensional Semiconductor
resolves10.1002/chem.201405023
Synthesis of Triazine‐Based Materials by Functionalization with Alkynes
resolves10.1002/adma.201200751
Porous, Fluorescent, Covalent Triazine‐Based Frameworks Via Room‐Temperature and Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis
resolves10.1002/anie.201206817
Triazine‐based Carbon Nitrides for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution
resolves10.1002/marc.201500270
Covalent Triazine‐Based Frameworks as Visible Light Photocatalysts for the Splitting of Water
resolves10.1002/anie.201708548
Covalent Triazine Frameworks via a Low‐Temperature Polycondensation Approach
resolves10.1039/C8TA07391K
Engineering heteroatoms with atomic precision in donor–acceptor covalent triazine frameworks to boost photocatalytic hydrogen production
resolves10.1016/j.polymer.2017.04.017
Structure-property relationships for covalent triazine-based frameworks: The effect of spacer length on photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water
resolves10.1002/ange.201900046
Molecular Heterostructures of Covalent Triazine Frameworks for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
resolves10.1039/C6TA04711D
Sulfur-doped covalent triazine-based frameworks for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water under visible light
resolves10.1002/anie.201806664
Crystalline Covalent Triazine Frameworks by In Situ Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehyde Monomers
resolves10.1002/adfm.201904781
Hollow Covalent Triazine Frameworks with Variable Shell Thickness and Morphology
resolves10.1039/C7EE02981K
Efficient visible light-driven water oxidation and proton reduction by an ordered covalent triazine-based framework
resolves10.1351/pac198557040603
Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984)
resolves10.1002/anie.200904637
Targeted Synthesis of a Porous Aromatic Framework with High Stability and Exceptionally High Surface Area
resolves10.1039/C7FD90043K
Electronic, magnetic and photophysical properties of MOFs and COFs: general discussion
resolves10.1021/jacs.6b03472
Rational Design of Porous Conjugated Polymers and Roles of Residual Palladium for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
resolves10.1002/adfm.201808156
Water‐Soluble Conjugated Molecule for Solar‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Salt Water
resolves10.1002/anie.201603532
Molecular Engineering of Conjugated Polybenzothiadiazoles for Enhanced Hydrogen Production by Photosynthesis
resolves10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01535
Conjugated Polymers with Sequential Fluorination for Enhanced Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer
resolves10.1002/macp.201700049
Perylene‐Containing Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
resolves10.1021/acsami.8b10022
Ultrastable and Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Production Based on Donor–Acceptor Copolymerized Covalent Organic Polymer
resolves10.1002/smll.201801839
Dibenzothiophene‐<i>S</i>,<i>S</i>‐Dioxide‐Based Conjugated Polymers: Highly Efficient Photocatalyts for Hydrogen Production from Water under Visible Light
resolves10.1021/acscatal.8b02607
Dibenzothiophene Dioxide Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Production
resolves10.1021/acsaem.9b00811
Porphyrin-Based Conjugated Polymers as Intrinsic Semiconducting Photocatalysts for Robust H
<sub>2</sub>
Generation under Visible Light
resolves10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02023
Effect of Linking Pattern of Dibenzothiophene-<i>S</i>,<i>S</i>-dioxide-Containing Conjugated Microporous Polymers on the Photocatalytic Performance
resolves10.1002/adfm.201703146
Substantial Cyano‐Substituted Fully <i>sp<sup>2</sup></i>‐Carbon‐Linked Framework: Metal‐Free Approach and Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution
resolves10.1007/s10593-017-2138-1
Phosphinine – synthesis of a heavy sibling of pyridine (microreview)
resolves10.1002/adma.201104063
Does Conjugation Help Exciton Dissociation? A Study on Poly(
<i>p</i>
‐phenylene)s in Planar Heterojunctions with C
<sub>60</sub>
or TNF
resolves10.1103/PhysRevB.87.155205
Role of the effective mass and interfacial dipoles on exciton dissociation in organic donor-acceptor solar cells
resolves10.1002/macp.201500432
Polymer Photocatalysts for Water Splitting: Insights from Computational Modeling
resolves10.1039/C8TA04186E
Maximising the hydrogen evolution activity in organic photocatalysts by co-polymerisation
resolves10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.04.033
Structure defects assisted photocatalytic H2 production for polythiophene nanofibers
resolves10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02501
Nitrogen Containing Linear Poly(phenylene) Derivatives
for Photo-catalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Water
resolves10.1039/c3cs60036j
Conjugated polymer nanoparticles: preparation, properties, functionalization and biological applications
resolves10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04672
Recent Advances in the Development of Highly Luminescent Semiconducting Polymer Dots and Nanoparticles for Biological Imaging and Medicine
resolves10.1039/C4CS00014E
Polymer-encapsulated organic nanoparticles for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging
resolves10.1002/adma.201604850
Small Photoblinking Semiconductor Polymer Dots for Fluorescence Nanoscopy
resolves10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00419
Light-Harvesting and Amplified Energy Transfer in Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles
resolves10.1038/nnano.2013.302
Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles as photoacoustic molecular imaging probes in living mice
resolves10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00551
Hyperbranched Conjugated Polymer Dots: The Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Visible Light-Driven Hydrogen Production
resolves10.1021/acscatal.8b01678
Design and Synthesis of Cycloplatinated Polymer Dots as Photocatalysts for Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution
resolves10.1002/anie.201607018
Organic Polymer Dots as Photocatalysts for Visible Light‐Driven Hydrogen Generation
resolves10.1039/C7EE00751E
An experimental and theoretical study of an efficient polymer nano-photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution
resolves10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03136
Oxygen Tolerance of a Molecular Engineered Cathode for Hydrogen Evolution Based on a Cobalt Diimine–Dioxime Catalyst
resolves10.1002/adma.201801955
2D Polymers as Emerging Materials for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
resolves10.1126/science.282.5390.897
Carbon Structures with Three-Dimensional Periodicity at Optical Wavelengths
resolves10.1063/1.453405
Structure-property predictions for new planar forms of carbon: Layered phases containing
<i>s</i>
<i>p</i>
2 and
<i>s</i>
<i>p</i>
atoms
resolves10.1021/nn303674g
Kinetic Control of Catalytic CVD for High-Quality Graphene at Low Temperatures
resolves10.1039/C8CS00542G
Recent developments in heterogeneous photocatalysts for solar-driven overall water splitting
resolves10.1002/anie.201710557
Van der Waals Heterostructures Comprised of Ultrathin Polymer Nanosheets for Efficient Z‐Scheme Overall Water Splitting
resolves10.1002/adma.201702428
Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanosheets for Overall Water Splitting Using Visible Light
resolves10.1002/anie.201404912
A Polyphenylene Support for Pd Catalysts with Exceptional Catalytic Activity
resolves10.1021/cm035205w
Influence of Residual Catalyst on the Properties of Conjugated Polyphenylenevinylene Materials: Palladium Nanoparticles and Poor Electrical Performance
resolves10.1021/ja403165u
Aerobic Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexanone to Phenol Catalyzed by Pd(TFA)
<sub>2</sub>
/2-Dimethylaminopyridine: Evidence for the Role of Pd Nanoparticles
resolves10.1126/sciadv.1600615
Molecular ligand modulation of palladium nanocatalysts for highly efficient and robust heterogeneous oxidation of cyclohexenone to phenol
resolves10.1002/anie.201407031
Advancing the Electrochemistry of the Hydrogen‐Evolution Reaction through Combining Experiment and Theory
resolves10.1126/sciadv.1501602
Universal dependence of hydrogen oxidation and evolution reaction activity of platinum-group metals on pH and hydrogen binding energy
resolves10.1039/C4CC06960A
Platinum nanoparticles strongly associated with graphitic carbon nitride as efficient co-catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light
resolves10.1002/aenm.201802181
The Effect of Residual Palladium Catalyst Contamination on the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Activity of Conjugated Polymers
resolves10.1021/j100368a063
Novel visible-light-driven photocatalyst. Poly(p-phenylene)-catalyzed photoreductions of water, carbonyl compounds, and olefins
resolves10.1021/j100168a018
Photocatalysis of oligo(p-phenylenes): photoreductive production of hydrogen and ethanol in aqueous triethylamine
resolves10.1126/science.1217745
The Role of Driving Energy and Delocalized States for Charge Separation in Organic Semiconductors
resolves10.1016/j.ccr.2010.01.003
Photon upconversion based on sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation
resolves10.1038/nature04502
Spatially resolved observation of crystal-face-dependent catalysis by single turnover counting
resolves10.1038/nature16534
Sub-particle reaction and photocurrent mapping to optimize catalyst-modified photoanodes
resolves10.1038/nenergy.2016.130
Activity origin and catalyst design principles for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution on heteroatom-doped graphene
resolves10.1039/C4CS00470A
Design of electrocatalysts for oxygen- and hydrogen-involving energy conversion reactions
resolves10.1002/anie.201403946
Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheet–Carbon Nanotube Three‐Dimensional Porous Composites as High‐Performance Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts
resolves10.1039/tf9585401053
The rate of electrolytic hydrogen evolution and the heat of adsorption of hydrogen
resolves10.1039/C5EE02573G
A comparative technoeconomic analysis of renewable hydrogen production using solar energy
resolves10.1002/cssc.201301030
Modeling Practical Performance Limits of Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Based on the Current State of Materials Research
resolves10.1039/c3ee40831k
Technical and economic feasibility of centralized facilities for solar hydrogen production via photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry
resolves10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02907
Insights on Measuring and Reporting Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Efficiency Definitions and Setup Examples
resolves10.1016/j.jcat.2018.10.006
Addressing fundamental experimental aspects of photocatalysis studies
resolves10.1002/anie.201002653
On the Problem of Comparing Rates or Apparent Quantum Yields in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis
resolves10.1002/chem.201802902
Fluorescent Sulphur‐ and Nitrogen‐Containing Porous Polymers with Tuneable Donor–Acceptor Domains for Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution
resolves10.1063/1.1586456
Why is exciton dissociation so efficient at the interface between a conjugated polymer and an electron acceptor?
resolves10.1103/PhysRevB.84.035210
Theory of exciton dissociation at the interface between a conjugated polymer and an electron acceptor
The 8 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedC9CS00313D-(cit146)/*[position()=1]
no DOI — not checkedK. A. Schwetz and P.Karduck , Presented in part at the AIP Conf. Proc., 1991
no DOI — not checkedC9CS00313D-(cit149)/*[position()=1]
no DOI — not checkedC9CS00313D-(cit200)/*[position()=1]
no DOI — not checkedC9CS00313D-(cit221)/*[position()=1]
no DOI — not checkedP. Le Floch , in Phosphorus-Carbon Heterocyclic Chemistry , ed. F. Mathey , Elsevier Science Ltd , Oxford , 2001 , pp. 485–533
no DOI — not checkedK. Dimroth , Delocalized posphorus-carbon double bonds , Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg , 1973
no DOI — not checkedNational Hydrogen Strategy, 2019
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-09-10 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1039/c9cs00313d"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1039/c9cs00313d/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1039/c9cs00313d)