Reference health
Is the Placebo Powerless?
1 of 121 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-08-03
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
27 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
does not resolve to a known work10.1001/jama.273.5.408
The 120 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/B978-0-08-057065-5.50010-5
Estimation of a Single Effect Size: Parametric and Nonparametric Methods
resolves10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02293-9
Are the clinical effects of homoeopathy placebo effects? A meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials
resolves10.1152/ajplegacy.1946.146.3.458
THE INFLUENCE OF A PLACEBO, BODY POSITION AND MEDICATION ON MOTION SICKNESS
resolves10.1136/bmj.294.6581.1200
General practice consultations: is there any point in being positive?
resolves10.1016/S0022-3476(05)81865-7
Effectiveness of an antihistamine-decongestant combination for young children with the common cold: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
resolves10.15288/jsa.1980.41.429
Disulfiram implantation: a trial using placebo implants and two types of controls.
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.58.1.85
Evaluation of a treatment approach combining nicotine gum with self-guided behavioral treatments for smoking relapse prevention.
resolves10.1097/00006842-197111000-00007
Interaction of Personality and Treatment Conditions Associated with Success in a Smoking Control Program
resolves10.1016/0306-4603(86)90014-6
Treatment effectiveness of hypnosis and behaviour therapy in smoking cessation: A methodological refinement
resolves10.1097/00007632-199318110-00002
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Exercise Therapy in Patients with Acute Low Back Pain
resolves10.1016/S0099-2399(06)80535-2
Prophylactic penicillin: Effect on posttreatment symptoms following root canal treatment of asymptomatic periapical pathosis
resolves10.1016/S0031-9406(10)61238-2
Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation of Neiguan Anti-emetic Acupuncture Point in Controlling Sickness following Opioid Analgesia in Major Orthopaedic Surgery
resolves10.1016/0301-2115(95)02134-S
Randomized study of vaginal chlorhexidine disinfection during labor to prevent vertical transmission of group B streptococci
resolves10.1159/000299565
Preoperative Administration of Prostaglandin to Avoid Dilatation-Induced Damage in First-Trimester Pregnancy Terminations
resolves10.1136/bmj.317.7154.303
Randomised controlled trial of intensive cognitive behaviour therapy for patients with chronic schizophrenia
resolves10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810240013002
Three-Year Outcomes for Maintenance Therapies in Recurrent Depression
resolves10.1176/ajp.147.12.1622
Effects of pill-giving on maintenance of placebo response in patients with chronic mild depression
resolves10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00131.x
A CONTROLLED TRIAL OF ‘SENOKOT’ IN FAECAL SOILING TREATED BY BEHAVIOURAL METHODS
resolves10.1097/00007611-198907000-00011
Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome With Vitamin B6 A Double-Blind Study
resolves10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb03533.x
Cognitive‐Behavior Therapy with Adult Patients with Epilepsy: A Controlled Outcome Study
resolves10.1007/BF00844750
Stress management training for hypertensives: Cognitive and physiological effects
resolves10.1097/00006842-197806000-00002
Treatment of Hypertension with Biofeedback and Relaxation Techniques
resolves10.1037/h0037575
Permanence of two self-managed treatments of overweight in university and community populations.
resolves10.1016/S0005-7894(76)80065-2
Use of programmed instruction in teaching self-management skills to overweight adults
resolves10.1016/S0005-7894(82)80024-5
The long-term effects of spouse involvement upon weight loss and maintenance
resolves10.1017/S0141347300012027
Rapid versus Gradual Scheduling of Therapeutic Contact in a Family Based Behavioural Weight Control Programme for Children
resolves10.1016/0022-3999(73)90106-2
Demonstration by placebo response in asthma by means of exercise testing
resolves10.1183/09031936.93.01060527
Comparison of terbutaline, isotonic saline, ambient air and non-treatment in patients with reversible chronic airway obstruction
resolves10.1046/j.1365-2796.1996.492831000.x
Changes in cardiovascular risk factors by combined pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies: the main results of the CELL Study
resolves10.1111/j.0954-6820.1980.tb01148.x
Effect of Guar Gum on Body Weight and Serum Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Females
resolves10.1016/S0091-6749(95)70219-9
A dose-response study of the efficacy and safety of ipratropium bromide nasal spray in the treatment of the common cold
resolves10.7326/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00002
Effectiveness and Safety of Intranasal Ipratropium Bromide in Common Colds
resolves10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00418.x
The effect of a cognitive behavioral intervention on oral hygiene
resolves10.1016/0005-7916(74)90115-3
A comparison of covert sensitization and “nonspecific” treatment in the modification of smoking behavior
resolves10.1016/S0026-0495(97)90319-X
The fasting hyperglycaemia study: III. Randomized controlled trial of sulfonylurea therapy in subjects with increased but not diabetic fasting plasma glucose
resolves10.1046/j.1464-410X.1997.21515.x
A randomized controlled trial of transurethral microwave thermotherapy
resolves10.3109/00016349009028686
Prevention of Breast Pain and Milk Secretion with Bromocriptine After Second‐Trimester Abortion
resolves10.1016/S0003-4975(96)01249-0
Control of Postoperative Pain by Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation After Thoracic Operations
resolves10.1159/000117982
Influence of Sensory Suggestibility on Treatment Outcome in Headache Patients
resolves10.1378/chest.106.5.1343
Effect of TENS on Pain, Medications, and Pulmonary Function Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
resolves10.1016/S0304-3959(97)00062-6
An investigation of the placebo effect and age-related factors in the report of needle pain from venipuncture in children
resolves10.1097/00006199-198905000-00014
Use of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation For Postoperative Pain
resolves10.1093/rheumatology/25.1.77
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUND THERAPY: EVIDENCE FOR A MAJOR PLACEBO EFFECT
resolves10.1016/0304-3959(88)90289-8
Reduction of postoperative pain and swelling by ultrasound treatment: a placebo effect
resolves10.1300/J094v01n02_04
Immediate Effects of Various Physical Medicine Modalities on Pain Threshold of an Active Myofascial Trigger Point
resolves10.1016/0304-3959(96)03100-4
A placebo controlled double blind trial to evaluate the effectiveness of pulsed short wave therapy for osteoarthritic hip and knee pain
resolves10.1002/art.1780381214
Effects of stress management on clinical outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis
resolves10.1002/1097-4679(198207)38:3<504::AID-JCLP2270380307>3.0.CO;2-8
The effects of psychological preparation on pain and recovery after minor gynaecological surgery: A preliminary report
resolves10.1016/0304-3959(95)00146-8
Lidocaine patch: double-blind controlled study of a new treatment method for post-herpetic neuralgia
resolves10.1055/s-2008-1047326
Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei Patienten mit generalisierter Tendomyopathie (Fibromyalgie)
resolves10.1016/0005-7967(82)90031-6
Acute pain in a clinical setting: Effects of cognitive-behavioural skills training
resolves10.1002/pon.2960040203
Hypnotherapy for control of anticipatory nausea and vomiting in children with cancer: Preliminary findings
resolves10.1016/S0002-9378(96)70454-4
Efficacy of P6 acupressure in the treatment of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy
resolves10.1016/0005-7967(79)90015-9
Paradoxical intention and insomnia: an experimental investigation
resolves10.1016/0005-7967(89)90123-X
A controlled comparative investigation of psychological treatments for chronic sleep-onset insomnia
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.45.2.153
Relaxation training and attention placebo in the treatment of severe insomnia.
resolves10.1037/h0036729
A comparison of progressive relaxation and autogenic training as treatments for insomnia.
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.47.3.500
Controlled comparison of progressive relaxation, stimulus control, and paradoxical intention therapies for insomnia.
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.47.1.49
Cognitive-behavioral and patient education interventions in cardiac catheterization procedures: The Palo Alto Medical Psychology Project.
resolves10.1097/00000539-199601000-00029
Oral Transmucosal Fentanyl Citrate for Premedication in Adults
resolves10.1093/geront/30.4.522
Reminiscence Interviews as Stress Management Interventions for Older Patients Undergoing Surgery
resolves10.1542/peds.91.3.624
Efficacy of Intranasal Midazolam in Facilitating Suturing of Lacerations in Preschool Children in the Emergency Department
resolves10.1037/h0076894
Expectancy, false galvanic skin response feedback, and systematic desensitization in the modification of phobic behavior.
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.44.2.208
A controlled study to assess the clinical efficacy of totally self-administered systematic desensitization.
resolves10.1016/0005-7967(85)90001-4
Behavioural versus cognitive social-skills training with intellectually-handicapped adults
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.46.3.442
Specific and nonspecific factors in the effectiveness of a behavioral approach to the treatment of marital discord.
resolves10.1037/h0031134
Self-administered aversive stimulation with hallucinating hospitalized schizophrenics.
resolves10.1016/0140-6736(91)92978-B
Intramuscular desferrioxamine in patients with Alzheimer's disease
resolves10.1097/00006199-199505000-00005
A Dyadic Remediation Program for Care Recipients with Dementia
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.60.2.282
Methylphenidate and attributions in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
resolves10.1016/0895-4356(90)90097-9
Sensitivity of effect variables in rheumatoid arthritis: A meta-analysis of 130 placebo controlled NSAID trials controlled NSAID trials
resolves10.1093/infdis/133.Supplement_2.A151
Genital Herpetic Infection in Men and Women: Clinical Course and Effect of Topical Application of Adenine Arabinoside
resolves10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00599.x
Examination of the effectiveness of various treatment techniques for reducing tension
resolves10.1037/0022-006X.43.5.676
Role playing and incentives in the modification of the social interaction of chronic psychiatric patients.
resolves10.1016/0091-6749(84)90510-4
Asthma as a variable in a study of immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis
resolves10.1185/03007998609110448
Effects of pinaverium bromide in the premedication of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography and on motor activity of the sphincter of Oddi
resolves10.1007/BF00637509
The effect on plasma prolactin, growth hormone and luteinising hormone concentrations of single oral doses of propranolol and tolamolol in normal man
resolves10.1007/BF00999171
Trachea-noise biofeedback in asthma: A comparison of the effect of trachea-noise biofeedback, a bronchodilator, and no treatment on the rate of recovery from exercise- and eucapnic hyperventilation-induced asthma
resolves10.1111/j.1469-8986.1978.tb03115.x
Effects of Multiple Sessions of True and Placebo Heart Rate Biofeedback Training on the Heart Rates and Anxiety Levels of Anxious Patients During and Following Treatment
resolves10.1001/archneurpsyc.1957.02330400093012
Treatment of Chronic Schizophrenia with Promazine Hydrochloride
resolves10.1001/archneurpsyc.1955.02330150082012
A Controlled Study of Reserpine on Chronically Disturbed Patients
The 27 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedRawlinson MC. Truth-telling and paternalism in the clinic: philosophical reflections on the use of placebos in medical practice. In: White L, Tursky B, Schwartz GE, eds. Placebo: theory, research, and mechanisms. New York: Guilford Press, 1985:403-18.
no DOI — not checkedComparing groups — continuous data. In: Altman DG. Practical statistics for medical research. London: Chapman and Hall, 1991:179-228.
no DOI — not checkedComparing groups — categorical data. In: Altman DG. Practical statistics for medical research. London: Chapman and Hall, 1991:229-76.
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or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
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