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Chemical Oxygen Demand and the Mechanism of Excess Sludge Reduction in an Oxic-Settling-Anaerobic Activated Sludge Process

https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2008)134:6(469)
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27/27 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

12 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 27 checked references that resolve
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The 12 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedStandard methods for the examination of water and wastewater
no DOI — not checkedAn K. J. (2004). “Reduction of excess sludge in an OSA process.” Ph.D. dissertation Hong Kong Univ. of Science and Technology Hong Kong.
no DOI — not checkedAn K. J. and Chen G. H. (2002). “Modified activated sludge system with sludge holding tank to minimize excess sludge production.” Proc. IWA World Water Congress Environ.
no DOI — not checkedChen G. H. Yip W. K. An K. J. and Saby S. (2000). “Possible mechanisms of excess sludge reduction in an OSA process.” Proc. 4th Dutch-Japan Workshop on Integrated Water Quality Management.
no DOI — not checkedBiological wastewater treatment systems
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no DOI — not checkedEnvironmental biotechnology: Principles and application
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no DOI — not checkedWestgarth W. C. Sulzer F. T. and Okun D. A. (1964). “Anaerobiosis in the activated sludge process.” 2nd IAWPRC Conf. 43–55.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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