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New insights into the phylogeny, systematics and DNA barcoding of Nemertea
85/85 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-21
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
17 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 85 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00376.x
Disentangling ribbon worm relationships: multi‐locus analysis supports traditional classification of the phylum Nemertea
resolves10.1080/00222933.2010.503941
Comparative morphology and evolution of the nephridia in Nemertea
resolves10.26749/rstpp.119.65
Observations on Carcinonemertes (Nemertea: Carcinonemertidae) associated with the smooth pebble crab, Philyra laevis
resolves10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03555.x
Deep genetic divergences in <i>Aoraki denticulata</i> (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi): a widespread ‘mite harvestman’ defies DNA taxonomy
resolves10.1007/s00227-012-1916-7
Activity patterns and predatory behavior of an intertidal nemertean from rocky shores: Prosorhochmus nelsoni (Hoplonemertea) from the Southeast Pacific
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026334
Selection of Conserved Blocks from Multiple Alignments for Their Use in Phylogenetic Analysis
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0012885
Statistical Parsimony Networks and Species Assemblages in Cephalotrichid Nemerteans (Nemertea)
resolves10.1023/B:RUMB.0000011717.06390.30
Classification System of the Higher Taxa of Enoplan Nemerteans (NEMERTEA, ENOPLA)
resolves10.1007/s11179-006-0012-6
System of Families of Enoplan Nemerteans of the Order Eumonostilifera (Nemertea: Enopla)
resolves10.1002/jmor.20189
Morphology of the proboscis of<i>Hubrechtella Juliae</i>(nemertea, pilidiophora): Implications for pilidiophoran monophyly
resolves10.1023/A:1013031900458
A cladistic view of the Monostilifera (Hoplonemertea) with interwoven rhynchocoel musculature: a preliminary assessment
resolves10.1038/nature06614
Broad phylogenomic sampling improves resolution of the animal tree of life
resolves10.1071/IS05044
A century later – a total evidence re-evaluation of the phylogeny of scutigeromorph centipedes (Myriapoda : Chilopoda)
resolves10.1007/s10152-013-0346-3
DNA barcoding reveals a cryptic nemertean invasion in Atlantic and Mediterranean waters
resolves10.1017/S0025315400056411
Occurrence of the entocommensal rhynchocoelan, <i>Malacobdella grossa</i>, in the oval piddock, <i>Zirfaea crispata</i>, on the Yorkshire coast
resolves10.1080/00222939500770161
Nemertean genera and species of the world: an annotated checklist of original names and description citations, synonyms, current taxonomic status, habitats and recorded zoogeographic distribution
resolves10.1071/IS13019
Stable phylogenetic patterns in scutigeromorph centipedes (Myriapoda : Chilopoda : Scutigeromorpha): dating the diversification of an ancient lineage of terrestrial arthropods
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025573
First molecular evidence for the existence of a Tardigrada + Arthropoda clade
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00296.x
A multilocus approach to harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones) phylogeny with emphasis on biogeography and the systematics of Laniatores
resolves10.1071/IT9951211
Cladistic analysis of the europtantic Nemerteans (Nemertea : Hoplonemertea)
resolves10.1098/rsbl.2003.0025
Barcoding animal life: cytochrome
<i>c</i>
oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species
resolves10.1098/rspb.2009.0896
Assessing the root of bilaterian animals with scalable phylogenomic methods
resolves10.1071/IS07016
Rising from Down Under: developments in subterranean biodiversity in Australia from a groundwater fauna perspective
resolves10.1071/IS10036
Phylogenetic placement of a new hoplonemertean species commensal on ascidians
resolves10.2108/zsj.17.265
Redescription and Taxonomic Reassessment of Nemertellina minuta Friedrich, 1935,<i>sensu</i>Yamaoka, 1940 (Nemertea, Hoplonemertea, Monostilifera)
resolves10.12782/specdiv.13.245
Checklist of Nemertean Genera and Species Published between 1995 and 2007
resolves10.12782/specdiv.16.149
Carinoma hamanako sp. nov. (Nemertea: Palaeonemertea), the First Representative of the Genus from the Northwest Pacific
resolves10.1093/molbev/mst010
MAFFT Multiple Sequence Alignment Software Version 7: Improvements in Performance and Usability
resolves10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.012
Barcoding in the dark?: A critical view of the sufficiency of zoological DNA barcoding databases and a plea for broader integration of taxonomic knowledge
resolves10.3109/19401736.2010.529905
Barcoding, types and the<i>Hirudo</i>files: Using information content to critically evaluate the identity of DNA barcodes
resolves10.1093/molbev/mss020
PartitionFinder: Combined Selection of Partitioning Schemes and Substitution Models for Phylogenetic Analyses
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00160.x
The impact of length‐variable data and alignment criterion on the phylogeny of Decapodiformes (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)
resolves10.1016/S0169-5347(02)00060-5
The intellectual content of taxonomy: a comment on DNA taxonomy
resolves10.1007/s00300-009-0696-0
DNA uncovers Antarctic nemertean biodiversity and exposes a decades-old cold case of asymmetric inventory
resolves10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00324.x
Exploring the molecular diversity of terrestrial nemerteans (Hoplonemertea, Monostilifera, Acteonemertidae) in a continental landmass
resolves10.1111/j.1469-185X.1985.tb00716.x
THE EVOLUTION AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER NEMERTEANS
resolves10.1111/j.1469-7998.1988.tb02410.x
Further studies on the evolution of land and freshwater nemerteans: generic relationships among the paramonostiliferous taxa
resolves10.1007/BF00013369
Riserius pugetensis gen. n., sp. n. (Nemertina: Anopla), a new mesopsammic species, and comments on phylogenetics of some anoplan characters
resolves10.1093/molbev/msi053
A Universal Primer Set for PCR Amplification of Nuclear Histone H4 Genes from All Animal Species
resolves10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05239.x
ABGD, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery for primary species delimitation
resolves10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x
<scp>bold</scp>
: The Barcode of Life Data System (http://www.barcodinglife.org)
resolves10.1007/BF00348944
Genetic evidence for the occurrence of a cryptic species with the littoral nemerteans Lineus ruber and L. viridis (Nemertea: Anopla)
resolves10.1093/jhered/esl036
A Genomic Perspective on the Shortcomings of Mitochondrial DNA for “Barcoding” Identification
resolves10.1023/A:1013093629108
Can we infer heteronemertean phylogeny from available morphological data?
resolves10.1071/IS05023
The systematics of the south-east Asian genus Fangensis Rambla (Opiliones : Cyphophthalmi : Stylocellidae)
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026201
Multiple Comparisons of Log-Likelihoods with Applications to Phylogenetic Inference
resolves10.1093/bioinformatics/17.12.1246
CONSEL: for assessing the confidence of phylogenetic tree
selection
resolves10.1098/rstb.2005.1714
DNA barcoding for effective biodiversity assessment of a hyperdiverse arthropod group: the ants of Madagascar
resolves10.1093/bioinformatics/btl446
RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models
resolves10.2144/00286ir01
The Sequence Manipulation Suite: JavaScript Programs for Analyzing and Formatting Protein and DNA Sequences
resolves10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00535.x
Delimiting species in the hoplonemertean genus Tetrastemma (phylum Nemertea): morphology is not concordant with phylogeny as evidenced from mtDNA sequences
resolves10.1016/j.ympev.2005.02.006
Genus Tetrastemma Ehrenberg, 1831 (Phylum Nemertea)—A natural group? Phylogenetic relationships inferred from partial 18S rRNA sequences
resolves10.1080/17451001003713563
A DNA-based description of a new nemertean (phylum Nemertea) species
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.1989.tb00484.x
Phylogeny and Cladistic Classification of the Paramonostiliferous Family Plectonemertidae (Phylum Nemertea)
resolves10.1111/j.1096-3642.1989.tb02316.x
Phylogeny and cladistic classification of terrestrial nemerteans: the genera Pantinonemertes Moore & Gibson and Geonemertes Semper
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.1994.tb00185.x
PHYLOGENY OF THE NEMERTEAN SUBCLASS PALAEONEMERTEA (ANOPLA, NEMERTEA)
resolves10.1006/mpev.1998.0543
Molecular Phylogeny of Some European Heteronemertean (Nemertea) Species and the Monophyletic Status ofRiseriellus, Lineus,andMicrura
resolves10.1006/mpev.2001.0982
Phylogenetic Relationships among Higher Nemertean (Nemertea) Taxa Inferred from 18S rDNA Sequences
resolves10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02774.x
DNA barcoding should accompany taxonomy – the case of <i>Cerebratulus</i> spp (Nemertea)
resolves10.1007/s00300-013-1360-2
On the identity of two Antarctic brooding nemerteans: redescription of Antarctonemertes valida (Bürger, 1893) and description of a new species in the genus Antarctonemertes Friedrich, 1955 (Nemertea, Hoplonemertea)
resolves10.1093/molbev/msr121
MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Using Maximum Likelihood, Evolutionary Distance, and Maximum Parsimony Methods
resolves10.1111/j.1096-0031.2003.00008.x
Myth of the molecule: DNA barcodes for species cannot replace morphology for identification and classification
resolves10.1071/IS07030
Gondwanan groundwater: subterranean connections of Australian phreatoicidean isopods (Crustacea) to India and New Zealand
The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R5
no DOI — not checkedDie Nemertinen des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte.
no DOI — not checkedMorphology, development, and biology of the pilidium larvae (Nemertini) from the Swedish west coast.
no DOI — not checkedDNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates.
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R25
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R29
no DOI — not checkedMaddison, W. P., and Maddison, D. R. (2010). Mesquite: a modular system for evolutionary analysis version 2.5. Available from http://mesquiteproject.org. [verified 4 June 2014]
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R54
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R55
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R62
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R63
no DOI — not checkedThe morphology and generic relationships of some fissiparous heteronemertines.
no DOI — not checked2025112622013236300_R71
no DOI — not checkedThree new species of Micrura (Nemertea: Heteronemertea) and a new type of heteronemertean larva from the Caribbean Sea.
no DOI — not checkedA new nemertean species: what are the useful characters for ribbon worm descriptions?
no DOI — not checkedThe Strepsiptera problem: phylogeny of the holometabolous insect orders inferred from 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA sequences and morphology.
no DOI — not checkedAnimal biodiversity: an introduction to higher-level classification and taxonomic richness.
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