Reference health

Body mass index and risk of Parkinson, Alzheimer, Dementia, and Dementia mortality: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies among 5 million participants

https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415x.2020.1758888
CiteStamped reference-health badge
54/54 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

3 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 54 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1056/NEJMoa021423
Overweight, Obesity, and Mortality from Cancer in a Prospectively Studied Cohort of U.S. Adults
resolves10.1023/A:1015288615472
Body mass index, height, and postmenopausal breast cancer mortality in a prospective cohort of US women
resolves10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117385
Body Size and Fat Distribution as Predictors of Coronary Heart Disease among Middle-aged and Older US Men
resolves10.1056/NEJM199003293221303
A Prospective Study of Obesity and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women
resolves10.1038/nature05482
Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
resolves10.1001/archinte.163.13.1524
An 18-Year Follow-up of Overweight and Risk of Alzheimer Disease
resolves10.14336/AD.2019.0226
Physical Activity and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review
resolves10.1016/j.obmed.2017.10.001
Is obesity actually non-communicable?
resolves10.1001/archneur.62.10.1556
Obesity and Vascular Risk Factors at Midlife and the Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer Disease
resolves10.1212/01.wnl.0000306313.89165.ef
Central obesity and increased risk of dementia more than three decades later
resolves10.1001/archneurol.2008.582
Midlife and Late-Life Obesity and the Risk of Dementia
resolves10.1016/S0025-7125(16)30069-4
Involuntary weight loss
resolves10.1017/S0954422409990035
A review and meta-analysis of the effect of weight loss on all-cause mortality risk
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0131778
Body Mass Index and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies
resolves10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00473.x
Obesity and central obesity as risk factors for incident dementia and its subtypes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
resolves10.1093/ageing/afl123
The risk of dementia with increased body mass index
resolves10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00825.x
Body mass index in midlife and late‐life as a risk factor for dementia: a meta‐analysis of prospective studies
resolves10.1001/jama.283.15.2008
Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology<SUBTITLE>A Proposal for Reporting</SUBTITLE>
resolves10.1007/s10654-010-9491-z
Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses
resolves10.1002/sim.3602
Extending DerSimonian and Laird's methodology to perform multivariate random effects meta‐analyses
resolves10.1093/jnci/80.15.1198
Regression Models in Clinical Studies: Determining Relationships Between Predictors and Response
resolves10.1210/jc.2018-01491
Risk of Incident Dementia According to Metabolic Health and Obesity Status in Late Life: A Population-Based Cohort Study
resolves10.1093/ageing/afy182
Adiposity in middle and old age and risk of death from dementia: 40-year follow-up of 19,000 men in the Whitehall study
resolves10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.2637
Obesity trajectories and risk of dementia: 28 years of follow‐up in the Whitehall II Study
resolves10.1038/s41366-018-0274-z
Five-decade trajectories in body mass index in relation to dementia death: follow-up of 33,083 male Harvard University alumni
resolves10.1212/WNL.0000000000005328
Body mass index, sitting time, and risk of Parkinson disease
resolves10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00142
Body Mass Index in Mild Cognitive Impairment According to Age, Sex, Cognitive Intervention, and Hypertension and Risk of Progression to Alzheimer's Disease
resolves10.3233/JAD-180099
A 10-Year Follow-Up of Adiposity and Dementia in Swedish Adults Aged 70 Years and Older
resolves10.1159/000452486
The Risk of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment and Progression to Dementia Considering Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes
resolves10.1080/13607863.2015.1031639
Association of psychological distress late in life and dementia-related mortality
resolves10.1097/MD.0000000000003112
Late-Life Risk Factors for All-Cause Dementia and Differential Dementia Diagnoses in Women
resolves10.1159/000444216
Body Mass Index Predicts Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia
resolves10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.07.017
Prospective study on the components of metabolic syndrome and the incidence of Parkinson's disease
resolves10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00033-9
BMI and risk of dementia in two million people over two decades: a retrospective cohort study
resolves10.1093/aje/kwu331
Overweight and Obesity in Midlife and Brain Structure and Dementia 26 Years Later
resolves10.3233/JAD-130698
Midlife and Late-Life Body Mass Index and Late-Life Dementia: Results from a Prospective Population-Based Cohort
resolves10.1007/s10654-014-9887-2
Reduced risk of Parkinson’s disease associated with lower body mass index and heavy leisure-time physical activity
resolves10.1159/000362201
Physical Activity, Weight Status, Diabetes and Dementia: A 34-Year Follow-Up of the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0017902
Body Adiposity in Later Life and the Incidence of Dementia: The Health in Men Study
resolves10.1002/mds.23855
Obesity, diabetes, and risk of Parkinson's disease
resolves10.1093/aje/kwn229
Association of Adiposity Status and Changes in Early to Mid-Adulthood With Incidence of Alzheimer's Disease
resolves10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01458.x
Late‐Life Body Mass Index and Dementia Incidence: Nine‐Year Follow‐Up Data from the Kungsholmen Project
resolves10.2174/156720507780362047
Body Mass Index in Midlife and Risk of Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia
resolves10.1093/aje/kwm211
Body Mass Index and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
resolves10.1212/01.wnl.0000247052.18422.e5
Body mass index and the risk of Parkinson disease
resolves10.1136/bmj.38446.466238.E0
Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: a 27 year longitudinal population based study
resolves10.1093/aje/kwh059
Obesity and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease
resolves10.1212/01.WNL.0000038910.46217.AA
Body mass index and incidence of dementia
resolves10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30295-3
Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
resolves10.1212/WNL.0b013e318294b3c8
Exposure to pesticides or solvents and risk of Parkinson disease
resolves10.3233/JPD-181305
High Prevalence of Undiagnosed Insulin Resistance in Non-Diabetic Subjects with Parkinson’s Disease
resolves10.1371/journal.pmed.1002640
Metabolic syndrome and risk of Parkinson disease: A nationwide cohort study
resolves10.1212/WNL.0000000000004691
Early weight loss in parkinsonism predicts poor outcomes
resolves10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.06.031
Is functional mobility an independent mortality risk factor in subjects with dementia?
The 3 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedCIT0029
no DOI — not checkedCIT0051
no DOI — not checkedCIT0057
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

checked 2026-07-23 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record

Embed this badge

Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.

<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1080/1028415x.2020.1758888"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1080/1028415x.2020.1758888/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[![CiteStamped reference-health badge](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1080/1028415x.2020.1758888/badge.svg)](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1080/1028415x.2020.1758888)