Reference health
(+)-Catechin is more bioavailable than (−)-catechin: Relevance to the bioavailability of catechin from cocoa
14/14 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
2 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 14 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1021/jf000025h
Catechin Contents of Foods Commonly Consumed in The Netherlands. 1. Fruits, Vegetables, Staple Foods, and Processed Foods
resolves10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.058
Analysis of catechins in Theobroma cacao beans by cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography
resolves10.1093/jn/129.9.1662
Catechin Is Present as Metabolites in Human Plasma after Consumption of Red Wine
resolves10.1093/ajcn/76.4.798
Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4β-8)-epicatechin] in human plasma after the consumption of a flavanol-rich cocoa
resolves10.1079/BJN2001517
Procyanidins are not bioavailable in rats fed a single meal containing a grapeseed extract or the procyanidin dimer B<sub>3</sub>
resolves10.1093/jn/131.11.2885
In Vivo Comparison of the Bioavailability of (+)-Catechin, (−)-Epicatechin and Their Mixture in Orally Administered Rats
resolves10.1016/S0378-4347(99)00019-5
Analysis of (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin and their 3′- and 4′-O-methylated analogs
resolves10.1016/0167-4889(83)90024-1
Stereospecific effects of (+)- and (−)-catechin on glycogen metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes
resolves10.1073/pnas.0510168103
(–)-Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans
The 2 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedPractical polyphenolics—from structure to molecular recognition and physiological action
no DOI — not checkedCIT0012
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