Reference health
Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) Modeling of Risks of Kidney Toxicity from Exposure to Cadmium: Estimates of Dietary Risks in the U.S. Population
61/61 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
25 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 61 checked references that resolve
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In vivo analysis of cadmium in battery workers versus measurements of blood, urine, and workplace air.
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Kidney cadmium as compared to other markers of cadmium exposure in workers at a secondary metal smelter
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Development of the fluorometric ELISA method for determination of α 1 -microglobulinuria in a cadmium-polluted area in Japan
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An Etiological Approach to Balkan Endemic Nephropathy Based on the Investigation of Two Genetically Different Populations
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URINARY CADMIUM ELIMINATION AS A BIOMARKER OF EXPOSURE FOR EVALUATING A CADMIUM DIETARY EXPOSURE - BIOKINETICS MODEL
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Dose-response analysis of cadmium in man: Body burden vs kidney dysfunction
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Increased dietary cadmium absorption in mice and human subjects with iron deficiency
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A Unified Approach to Risk Assessment for Cancer and Noncancer Endpoints Based on Benchmark Doses and Uncertainty/Safety Factors1
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Reversible tubular proteinuria precedes microalbuminuria and correlates with the metabolic status in diabetic children
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Dose-Response Relationship between Urinary Cadmium Concentration and β<sub>2</sub>–Microglobulinuria Using Logistic Regression Analysis
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Dose‐response relationship between total cadmium intake and prevalence of renal dysfunction using general linear models
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Dose-response relationship between urinary cadmium and β2-microglobulin in a Japanese environmentally cadmium exposed population
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Association between Renal Tubular Dysfunction and Mortality among Residents in a Cadmium-Polluted Area, Nagasaki, Japan.
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Dose‐response relations between urinary cadmium and tubular proteinuria in cadmium‐exposed workers
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Dose-response relationship between total cadmium intake and β2-microglobulinuria using logistic regression analysis
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Quantitative assessment of urinary protein and enzyme excretion—a diagnostic programme for the detection of renal involvement in type I diabetes mellitus
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Urinary cadmium and beta<sub>2</sub>‐microglobulin: Normal values and concentration adjustment
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Beta 2-glycoprotein-1 (apolipoprotein H) excretion in chronic renal tubular disorders: comparison with other protein markers of tubular malfunction.
resolves10.1007/BF00226005
Chronic renal effects in three studies of men and women occupationally exposed to cadmium
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Detection of renal diseases in humans: developing markers and methods
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Urinary β<sub>2</sub>-microglobulin Concentration and Mortality in a Cadmium-polluted Area
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Cadmium in kidneys in Swedes measured in vivo using X-ray fluorescence analysis
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Prognostic Factors of Renal Dysfunction Induced by Environmental Cadmium Pollution
resolves10.1016/S0013-9351(89)80080-5
A dose-response analysis of cadmium in the general environment with special reference to total cadmium intake limit
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Effects of exposure to low levels of environmental cadmium on renal biomarkers.
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Intestinal Absorption of Cadmium Is Associated with Divalent Metal Transporter 1 in Rats
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alpha-1-Microglobulin: epidemiological indicator for tubular dysfunction induced by cadmium?
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Urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin predicts renal outcome in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy.
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In vivo measurement of liver and kidney cadmium in workers exposed to this metal: Its significance with respect to cadmium in blood and urine
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The critical level of cadmium in human renal cortex: A reevaluation
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199705)31:5<645::AID-AJIM21>3.0.CO;2-Y
Reversibility of microproteinuria in cadmium workers with incipient tubular dysfunction after reduction of exposure
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Renal Effects of Cadmium Exposure in Cadmium Nonpolluted Areas in Japan
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Urinary Calcium as a Biomarker of Renal Dysfunction in a General Population Exposed to Cadmium
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Association between Renal Effects and Cadmium Exposure in Cadmium-Nonpolluted Area in Japan
The 25 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAoshima, K., Kawanishi, Y., Fan, J., Cai, Y., Katoh, T., Teranishi, H., and Kasuya, M., 1995. Cross-sectional assessments of renal function in inhabitants of a cadmium-polluted area., Ann. Clin. Lab. Med. 25 (1995), pp. 493–501.
no DOI — not checkedBarregård, L., Svalander, C., Schütz, A., Westberg, G., Sällsten, G., Blohmé, J., Mölne, J., Attman, P.-O., and Haglind, P., 1999. Cadmium, mercury, and lead in kidney cortex of the general Swedish population: A study of biopsies from living kidney donors., Environ. Health Perspect. 107 (1999), pp. 867–871.
no DOI — not checkedBernard, A. M., and Lauwerys, R. R., 1986. "Effects of cadmium exposure in humans.". In: Foulkes, E. C., ed. Handbook of experimental pharmacology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1986. pp. 135–177.
no DOI — not checkedCai, S., Wang, J., Xue, J., Zhu, X., Wang, J., and Wang, Y., 1992. A judgement of attribution of increase in urine β2-microglobulin after cadmium exposure., Biomed. Envrion. Sci. 5 (1992), pp. 130–135.
no DOI — not checkedCai, S., Yue, Y., Jin, T., and Nordberg, G., 1998. Renal dysfunction from cadmium contamination of irrigation water: Dose-response analysis in a Chinese population., Bull. WHO 76 (1998), pp. 153–159.
no DOI — not checkedCeovic, S., Plestina, R., Miletic-Medved, M., Stavljenic, A., Mitar, J., and Vukelic, M., 1991. Epidemiological aspects of Balkan endemic nephropathy in a typical focus in Yugoslavia., IARC Sci. Publ. 115 (1991), pp. 5–10.
no DOI — not checkedChoudhury, D., Raj, D. S. C., Palmer, B. F., and Levi, M., 2000. "Effect of aging on renal function and disease.". In: Brenner, B. M., ed. Brenner and Rector's The kidney. Vol. II. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 2000. pp. 2187–2215.
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no DOI — not checkedFriberg, L., 1950. Health hazards in the manufacture of alkaline accumulators with special reference to chronic cadmium poisoning.. Stockholm: Industrial Hygiene Department, Swedish Public Health Institute; 1950, and Department for Occupational Medicine at the Medical Clinic of Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm.
no DOI — not checkedFriberg, L., Elinder, C.-G., Kjellström, T., and Nordberg, G. F., 1985. Cadmium and health: A toxicological and epidemiological appraisal. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1985. pp. 46–47.
no DOI — not checkedFriberg, L., Piscator, M., Nordberg, G. F., and Kjellström, T., 1974. Cadmium in the Environment. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press; 1974. pp. 79–89.
no DOI — not checkedFuruse, A., Futagoishi, Y., Karashima, S., Hattori, S., and Matsuda, I., 1992. Familial progressive renal tubulopathy., Clin. Nephrol. 37 (1992), pp. 192–197.
no DOI — not checkedInternational Commission on Radiological Protection., 1981. Report of the Task Croup on Reference Man. ICRP Publication 23. New York: Pergamon; 1981. pp. 40–45, Press.
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no DOI — not checkedPesce, A. J., and First, M. J., 1979. Proteinuia: An integrated review. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1979. pp. 175–201.
no DOI — not checkedRahola, T., Aaran, R.-K., and Miettinen, J. K., 1972. "Half-time studies of mercury and cadmium by whole-body counting.". In: Assessment of radioactive contamination in man. IAEA-SM-150/13. New York: International Atomic Energy Agency; 1972. pp. 553–562.
no DOI — not checkedRoels, H., Bernard, A. M., Cardenas, A., Buchet, J.-P., Lauwerys, R. R., Hotter, G., Ramis, I., Mutti, A., Franchini, I., Bundschuh, I., Stolte, H., De Broe, M. D., Nuyts, G. D., Taylor, S. A., and Price, R. G., 1993. Markers of early renal changes induced by industrial pollutants. III. Application to workers exposed to cadmium., Br. J. Ind. Med. 50 (1993), pp. 37–48.
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no DOI — not checkedShaikh, Z. A., and Smith, J. C., 1980. "Metabolism of orally ingested cadmium in humans.". In: Holmstedt, B., Lauwerys, R., Mercier, M., and Roberfroid, M., eds. Mechanism of toxicity and hazard evaluation. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press; 1980. pp. 569–574.
no DOI — not checkedTanaka, G., Yoshiyuki, N., and Nakaima, Y., 1989. Japanese reference man., Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Cakkai Zasshi 49 (1989), pp. 344–364.
no DOI — not checkedThun, M. J., Osorio, A. M., Schober, S., Hannon, W. H., Lewis, B., and Halperin, W., 1989. Nephropathy in cadmium workers: Assessment of risk from airborne occupational exposure to cadmium., Br. J. Ind. Med. 46 (1989), pp. 689–697.
no DOI — not checkedU.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Health Statistics., 1997. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994 (CD-ROM Series 11). Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services; 1997.
no DOI — not checkedWorld Health Organization., 1992. Environmental health criteria 134: Cadmium.. Geneva: International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization.; 1992.
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