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Adsorption of Divalent Lead Ions by Zeolites and Activated Carbon: Effects of pH, Temperature, and Ionic Strength

https://doi.org/10.1081/ese-200026265
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16/16 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

12 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 16 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1002/ffej.10077
Small arms range lead management issues: Activated carbon, molecular sieves (5A and 13X), and naturally occurring zeolites as lead adsorbents
resolves10.1001/jama.1990.03440050067035
Low-Level Lead Exposure and the IQ of Children
resolves10.1081/ESE-120002578
KINETICS OF HEAVY METAL IONS REMOVAL BY USE OF NATURAL ZEOLITE
resolves10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00260-7
Treatment of metals-contaminated wastewaters by use of natural zeolites
resolves10.1080/07366299908934633
LEAD REMOVAL AND RECOVERY FROM BATTERY WASTEWATERS BY NATURAL ZEOLITE CLINOPTILOLITE
resolves10.1016/S1387-1811(99)00295-4
Zeolite membranes – state of their development and perspective
resolves10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00268-4
Influence of zeolite, apatite and Fe-oxide on Cd and Pb uptake by crops
resolves10.1021/ie0102302
Adsorption Models for Sorption of Lead and Zinc on Francolite Mineral
resolves10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199705)69:1<27::AID-JCTB682>3.0.CO;2-J
Removal of Lead and Nickel Ions Using Zeolite Tuff
resolves10.1021/ie9909082
Kinetics and Isotherms for Aqueous Lead Adsorption by Natural Minerals
resolves10.1080/09593332208618172
Removal of Cr(VI), Cd(II), and Cu(II) by Activated Carbon Prepared from Almond Husk
resolves10.1021/ie011029u
Adsorption Isotherms for Describing Heavy-Metal Retention in Paper Mill Sludges
resolves10.1260/026361702320644734
Kinetics of the Adsorption of Copper and Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution on to WD-ekstra Activated Carbon
resolves10.1002/ep.670130120
Removing lead in drinking water with activated carbon
resolves10.1016/0008-6223(96)87611-1
The influence of carbon content of blast furnace sludges and coke on the adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solution
resolves10.1260/02636170260295515
A Comparative Study of Copper and Zinc Ion Adsorption on to Activated and Non-activated Date-pits
The 12 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedLead Poisoning Exposure, Abatement, Regulation
no DOI — not checkedLead Poisoning Exposure, Abatement, Regulation
no DOI — not checkedMetallic Materials Specification Handbook,
no DOI — not checkedLead Absorption in Children
no DOI — not checkedCIT6265-15
no DOI — not checkedCIT6265-19
no DOI — not checkedCIT6265-20
no DOI — not checkedMcMurry, J. and Fay, R.C. 1998.Chemistry,, 2nd Ed. 472–482. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 838–843
no DOI — not checkedMuhammad, N., Parr, J., Smith, M.D. and Wheatley, A.D. Adsorption of Heavy Metals in Slow Sand Filters. Proceedings of the 24th WEDC International Conference on Water Supply and Sanitation. Islamabad, Pakistan. pp.346–349.
no DOI — not checkedTchobanoglous, G. and Burton, F.L. 1991.Wastewater Engineering. Treatment, Disposal and Reuse,, 3rd Ed. 318–324. New York: McGraw-Hill.
no DOI — not checkedBreck, D.W. 1974.Zeolite Molecular Sieves95New York: Wiley.
no DOI — not checkedStumm, W. and Morgan, J.J. 1996.Aquatic Chemistry260New York: Wiley.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

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