Reference health
Bank Capital and Portfolio Management: The 1930s “Capital Crunch” and the Scramble to Shed Risk
3 of 24 checkable references need attention · checked 2026-08-27
At the dated check, the references listed below either did not resolve in Crossref or DataCite, or carried a retraction notice. Each one is shown with the registry record that put it there.
17 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
References needing attention
does not resolve to a known work10.2307/2328393
does not resolve to a known work10.2307/2329133
does not resolve to a known work10.2307/2328888
The 21 checked references that resolve
resolves10.2307/2327206
Information Production, Market Signalling, and the Theory of Financial Intermediation
resolves10.1016/S0304-405X(97)00037-8
Risk management, capital budgeting, and capital structure policy for financial institutions: An integrated approach
resolves10.2307/2601258
A Contracting-Theory Interpretation of the Origins of Federal Deposit Insurance
resolves10.1016/0304-405X(84)90023-0
Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have
resolves10.2307/2328297
Corporate Financial Policy, Information, and Market Expectations: An Empirical Investigation of Dividends
resolves10.1086/261592
The Prewar Business Cycle Reconsidered: New Estimates of Gross National Product, 1869-1908
resolves10.1006/jfin.1995.1016
If History Could Be Rerun: The Provision and Pricing of Deposit Insurance in 1933
resolves10.3386/w5848
The Demise of Double Liability as an Optimal Contract for Large-Bank Stockholders
The 17 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAltmkilic, Oya, and Robert S. Hansen. 1997. Is the marginal cost of external finance rising? Evidence from the direct cost of raising capital in the primary markets. Working paper, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
no DOI — not checkedBaer, Herbert L., and John N. McElravey. 1993. Capital shocks and bank growth. Economic Perspectives 17 (July-August).
no DOI — not checkedBarger, Harold. 1942. Outlay and income in the United States, 1921-1938. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
no DOI — not checkedrf6_6
no DOI — not checkedBoard of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. 1976. Banking and monetary statistics, 1914-1941. Washington, DC: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
no DOI — not checkedCalomiris, Charles W. 1995. The costs of rejecting universal banking: American finance in the German mirror, 1870-1914. In The coordination of activity within and between firms, ed. Naomi Lamoreaux and Daniel Raff, pp. 257-315. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
no DOI — not checkedCalomiris, Charles W. 1997. The postmodern bank safety net: Lessons from developed and developing economies. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute.
no DOI — not checkedCalomiris, Charles W., and Charles P. Himmelberg. 2001. Investment banking costs as a measure of the shadow cost of external finance. Working paper, Columbia University.
no DOI — not checkedrf14_14
no DOI — not checkedCalomiris, Charles W., Charles M. Kahn, and Stefan Krasa. 1992. Optimal contingent bank liquidation under moral hazard. Working paper, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
no DOI — not checkedCalomiris, Charles W., and Joseph R. Mason. 1997. Contagion and bank failure during the Great Depression: The June 1932 Chicago banking panic. American Economic Review 87 (December): 863-83.
no DOI — not checkedCalomiris, Charles W., and Daniel M. G. Raff. 1995. The evolution of market structure, information, and spreads in American investment banking. In Anglo-American financial systems, ed. Michael D. Bordo and Richard Sylla, pp. 103-60. Homewood, IL: Business One-Irwin.
no DOI — not checkedFriedman, Milton, and Anna J. Schwartz. 1963. A monetary history of the United States, 1867-1960. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
no DOI — not checkedrf31_31
no DOI — not checkedRamos, Alberto M. 1995. Bank capital structures and the demand for liquid assets. Working paper, University of Chicago.
no DOI — not checkedShadow Financial Regulatory Committee. 2000. Reforming bank capital regulation. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute.
no DOI — not checkedVan den Heuvel, Skander J. 2002. The bank capital channel of monetary policy. Working paper, University of Pennsylvania.
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