Reference health
A Review of Hemp as Food and Nutritional Supplement
69/69 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
22 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 69 checked references that resolve
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Analytical Characterization of Hempseed (Seed of<i>Cannabis sativa</i>L.) Oil from Eight Regions in China
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Analysis of cannabinoids in commercial hemp seed oil and decarboxylation kinetics studies of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)
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A new software-assisted analytical workflow based on high-resolution mass spectrometry for the systematic study of phenolic compounds in complex matrices
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Effects of cannabinoids and cannabinoid‐enriched <i>Cannabis</i> extracts on TRP channels and endocannabinoid metabolic enzymes
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A physical and genetic map of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> identifies extensive rearrangements at the <i>THC/CBD acid synthase</i> loci
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Cannabidiol Displays Antiepileptiform and Antiseizure Properties In Vitro and In Vivo
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Erratum: Investigating the Therapeutic Mechanism of Cannabidiol in a Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Based Model of Dravet Syndrome
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The anxiolytic effect of cannabidiol on chronically stressed mice depends on hippocampal neurogenesis: involvement of the endocannabinoid system
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Oral anti-inflammatory activity of cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive constituent of cannabis, in acute carrageenan-induced inflammation in the rat paw
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The diverse CB<sub>1</sub>and CB<sub>2</sub>receptor pharmacology of three plant cannabinoids: Δ<sup>9</sup>‐tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and Δ<sup>9</sup>‐tetrahydrocannabivarin
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Nonpsychotropic Cannabinoid Receptors Regulate Microglial Cell Migration
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Inhibition of Human Neutrophil Chemotaxis by Endogenous Cannabinoids and Phytocannabinoids: Evidence for a Site Distinct from CB1 and CB2
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Cannabidiol inhibits pathogenic T cells, decreases spinal microglial activation and ameliorates multiple sclerosis‐like disease in C57BL/6 mice
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Antitumor Activity of Plant Cannabinoids with Emphasis on the Effect of Cannabidiol on Human Breast Carcinoma
resolves10.1016/j.ccell.2018.05.001
Cancer Cells Co-opt the Neuronal Redox-Sensing Channel TRPA1 to Promote Oxidative-Stress Tolerance
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The cannabinoid <scp>TRPA1</scp> agonist cannabichromene inhibits nitric oxide production in macrophages and ameliorates murine colitis
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Beneficial effect of the non-psychotropic plant cannabinoid cannabigerol on experimental inflammatory bowel disease
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A Comparison of the Ocular and Central Effects of Δ
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Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory, anti-catabolic and pro-anabolic effects of E-caryophyllene, myrcene and limonene in a cell model of osteoarthritis
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Anti‐inflammatory Effects of Limonene from Yuzu (
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Limonene inhalation reduces allergic airway inflammation in<i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i>-treated mice
resolves10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.06.003
β-Caryophyllene, a CB2 receptor agonist produces multiple behavioral changes relevant to anxiety and depression in mice
resolves10.1016/j.phanu.2014.05.001
Cannflavins from hemp sprouts, a novel cannabinoid-free hemp food product, target microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 and 5-lipoxygenase
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Trial of Cannabidiol for Drug-Resistant Seizures in the Dravet Syndrome
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Translational Investigation of the Therapeutic Potential of Cannabidiol (CBD): Toward a New Age
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A Phase I, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single Ascending Dose, Multiple Dose, and Food Effect Trial of the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Highly Purified Cannabidiol in Healthy Subjects
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Hepatotoxicity of a Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis Extract in the Mouse Model
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Examination of a New Delivery Approach for Oral Cannabidiol in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetics Study
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On healthcare by popular appeal: critical assessment of benefit and risk in cannabidiol based dietary supplements
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The origin and use of cannabis in eastern asia linguistic-cultural implications
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Effect οf Genotype and Growing Year on the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Properties of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Seeds
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Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database (DSID) and the Application of Analytically Based Estimates of Ingredient Amount to Intake Calculations
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Comparative Study of Chemical, Biochemical Characteristic and ATR-FTIR Analysis of Seeds, Oil and Flour of the Edible Fedora Cultivar Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
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Bread Supplementation with Hemp Seed Cake: A By‐Product of Hemp Oil Processing
resolves10.1111/1750-3841.12370
Effects of Hemp (
<i>Cannabis sativa</i>
L.) Seed Oil Press‐Cake and Decaffeinated Green Tea Leaves (
<i>Camellia sinensis</i>
) on Functional Characteristics of Gluten‐Free Crackers
resolves10.3109/19390211.2014.887601
Potential Oil Yield, Fatty Acid Composition, and Oxidation Stability of the Hempseed Oil from Four<i>Cannabis sativa</i>L. Cultivars
resolves10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.020
Gamma-linolenic acid, Dihommo-gamma linolenic, Eicosanoids and Inflammatory Processes
resolves10.1002/ptr.5623
Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Cold‐Pressed Seed Oil from Finola Cultivar of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.
resolves10.1056/NEJMoa1800389
Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Nuts
resolves10.1080/07315724.2008.10719674
A Comparison of Fish Oil, Flaxseed Oil and Hempseed Oil Supplementation on Selected Parameters of Cardiovascular Health in Healthy Volunteers
resolves10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.045
Eight-week hempseed oil intervention improves the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte phospholipids and the omega-3 index, but does not affect the lipid profile in children and adolescents with primary hyperlipidemia
resolves10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.04.078
Nutraceutical potential of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds and sprouts
The 22 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedWorld Health Organization. Cannabis. 2019. Available at https://who.int/substance_abuse/facts/cannabis/en/ Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedCadena A. Hemp vs marijuana: the difference explained (2019 update). 2018. Available at https://medium.com/cbd-origin/hemp-vs-marijuana-the-difference-explained-a837c51aa8f7 Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedItalian Parliament. Rule 2 December 2016 article n. 242: Provisions for the promotion of the cultivation and agro-industrial supply chain of hemp (in Italian). 2016; pp. 1–6
no DOI — not checkedJohnson R. Hemp as an agricultural commodity. Congressional Research Service 7-5700. 2018. Available at https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32725.pdf Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedGrand View Research. Cannabidiol market size share and trends analysis report by source (hemp marijuana) by application by distribution channel by region and segment forecasts 2019–2025. 2019. Available at https://grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/cannabidiol-cbd-market Accessed October30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedAntonelli M, , Benedetti B, , Cannazza G, et al. New insights in hemp chemical composition: a comprehensive polar lipidome characterization by combining solid phase enrichment, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and cheminformatics. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2019; 412:423–423.
no DOI — not checkedHartsel JA, , Eades J, , Hickory B, et al. Cannabis sativa and hemp. In: Gupta RC, Srivastava A, Lall R. (eds.) Nutraceuticals in Veterinary Medicine. Springer: Basel, Switzerland, 2019, pp. 735–754.
no DOI — not checkedEPIDIOLEX®. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/210365lbl.pdf Accessed November3 2019.
no DOI — not checkedKight R. The HIA v. DEA ruling and a Wisconsin policy underline need for clarity on CBD. 2018. Available at https://cannabusiness.law/a-tough-week-for-cbd-the-hia-v-dea-ruling-and-a-wisconsin-policy-underline-need-for-clarity/ Accessed November3 2019.
no DOI — not checkedEuropean Commission. EU novel food catalogue (v.1.1). 2019. Available at http://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/novel_food/catalogue/search/public/index.cfm Accessed November20 2019.
no DOI — not checkedCannabis Pharma. Summary of the dossier: (−)-trans-cannabidiol applicant. 2019. Available at. https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/safety/docs/novel-food_sum_ongoing-app_2018-0349.pdf Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedThe Brightfield Team. Hemp-derived CBD market to reach $22 billion by 2022. 2019. Available at https://brightfieldgroup.com/post/hemp-cbd-market-to-reach-22-billion-by-2022 Accessed November3 2019.
no DOI — not checkedDeabold AK, , Schwark SW, , Wolf L, et al. Single-dose pharmacokinetics and preliminary safety assessment with use of CBD-rich hemp nutraceutical in healthy dogs and cats. Animals (Basel), 2019; 9:pii:E832.
no DOI — not checkedSkerritt J and Giammona C. Coca-Cola Aurora Cannabis in talks about CBD oil soda – Bloomberg. 2018. Available at https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-17/coca-cola-eyes-cannabis-market-in-push-beyond-sluggish-sodas Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedBarrons C. 4 cannabis-infused wines worth buying. 2018. Available at https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-17/coca-cola-eyes-cannabis-market-in-push-beyond-sluggish-sodas Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedRoyal Queen Seeds. The therapeutic and dietary benefits of eating raw Cannabis. 2017. Available at https://www.royalqueenseeds.com/blog-the-therapeutic-and-dietary-benefits-of-eating-raw-cannabis-n517 Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedUniversity of Manitoba. Hemp seed protein consumption for hypertension. 2019. Available at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03508895 Accessed November30 2019.
no DOI — not checkedKorus J, , Witczak M, , Ziobro R, et al. Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa) flour and protein preparation as natural nutrients and structure forming agents in starch based gluten-free bread. LWT, 2017; 84:143–150.
no DOI — not checkedDimić E, , Romanić R, , Vujasinović V. Essential fatty acids, nutritive value and oxidative stability of cold pressed hempseed (Cannabis sativa L.) oil from different varieties. Acta Aliment. 2009; 38:229–236.
no DOI — not checkedLeizer C, , Ribnicky D, , Poulev A, et al. The composition of hemp seed oil and its potential as an important source of nutrition. J Nutraceut Funct Med Foods, 2000; 2:35–53.
no DOI — not checkedSchwab US, C. Callaway J, Erkkilä AT, et al. Effects of hempseed and flaxseed oils on the profile of serum lipids, serum total and lipoprotein lipid concentrations and haemostatic factors. Eur J Nutr. 2006; 45:470–477.
no DOI — not checkedThe European Industrial Hemp Association. Reasonable regulation of cannabidiol (CBD) in food cosmetics as herbal natural medicine and as medicinal product. EIHA: Hürth Germany 2018.
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