Reference health
The evolution of mechanisms involved in vertebrate endothermy
140/140 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-14
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a publisher retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
8 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 140 checked references that resolve
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Climate Variability and the Energetic Pathways of Evolution: The Origin of Endothermy in Mammals and Birds
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Phoenix from the Ashes: Fire, Torpor, and the Evolution of Mammalian Endothermy
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Dinosaur body temperatures: the occurrence of endothermy and ectothermy
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Biomechanics of Running Indicates Endothermy in Bipedal Dinosaurs
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Allometries of Maximum Growth Rate versus Body Mass at Maximum Growth Indicate That Non-Avian Dinosaurs Had Growth Rates Typical of Fast Growing Ectothermic Sauropsids
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Palaeohistological Evidence for Ancestral High Metabolic Rate in Archosaurs
resolves10.7554/eLife.28589
Oxygen isotopes suggest elevated thermometabolism within multiple Permo-Triassic therapsid clades
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Were the synapsids primitively endotherms? A palaeohistological approach using phylogenetic eigenvector maps
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Metabolism of leatherback turtles, gigantothermy, and thermoregulation of dinosaurs
resolves10.1038/nature11264
Seasonal bone growth and physiology in endotherms shed light on dinosaur physiology
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Evidence for Endothermic Ancestors of Crocodiles at the Stem of Archosaur Evolution
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A Triassic plesiosaurian skeleton and bone histology inform on evolution of a unique body plan
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Endothermic mosasaurs? Possible thermoregulation of Late Cretaceous mosasaurs (Reptilia, Squamata) indicated by stable oxygen isotopes in fossil bioapatite in comparison with coeval marine fish and pelagic seabirds
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Evolutionary Origin of the Scombridae (Tunas and Mackerels): Members of a Paleogene Adaptive Radiation with 14 Other Pelagic Fish Families
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Phylogenomic analysis of carangimorph fishes reveals flatfish asymmetry arose in a blink of the evolutionary eye
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The origin of squamates revealed by a Middle Triassic lizard from the Italian Alps
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The Interrelationships of Placental Mammals and the Limits of Phylogenetic Inference
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A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing
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Regional endothermy as a trigger for gigantism in some extinct macropredatory sharks
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Evidence for Temperature Elevation in the Aerobic Swimming Musculature of the Common Thresher Shark, Alopias vulpinus
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Evidence of brain-warming in the mobulid rays, Mobula tarapacana and Manta birostris (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii: Batoidea: Myliobatiformes)
resolves10.1126/science.aaa8902
Whole-body endothermy in a mesopelagic fish, the opah,
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resolves10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.03.024
Endothermy in the smalleye opah (Lampris incognitus): A potential role for the uncoupling protein sarcolipin
resolves10.1098/rsbl.2018.0270
Histology of the endothermic opah (
<i>Lampris</i>
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resolves10.1111/brv.12505
The phylogenetic origin and evolution of acellular bone in teleost fishes: insights into osteocyte function in bone metabolism
resolves10.1002/jmor.1051900203
Structure of the brain and eye heater tissue in marlins, sailfish, and spearfishes
resolves10.1126/science.8469974
Evolution of Endothermy in Fish: Mapping Physiological Traits on a Molecular Phylogeny
resolves10.1242/jeb.00158
Characterization of ryanodine receptor and Ca2+-ATPase isoforms in the thermogenic heater organ of blue marlin (<i>Makaira nigricans</i>)
resolves10.1073/pnas.1412372111
Remodeling in bone without osteocytes: Billfish challenge bone structure–function paradigms
resolves10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00612.x
The evolution of thunniform locomotion and heat conservation in scombrid fishes: New insights based on the morphology of Allothunnus fallai
resolves10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01931.x
Elevated red myotomal muscle temperatures in the most basal tuna species, <i>Allothunnus fallai</i>
resolves10.1086/physzool.51.4.30160956
Temperature Regulation in the Platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus: Production and Loss of Metabolic Heat in Air and Water
resolves10.1152/physiolgenomics.00183.2007
Marsupial uncoupling protein 1 sheds light on the evolution of mammalian nonshivering thermogenesis
resolves10.1098/rspb.2011.0881
Phylogenetic differences of mammalian basal metabolic rate are not explained by mitochondrial basal proton leak
resolves10.1016/S1096-4959(02)00189-6
Molecular identification of uncoupling proteins (UCP2 and UCP3) and absence of UCP1 in the marsupial Tasmanian bettong, Bettongia gaimardi
resolves10.7717/peerj.1358
Mammalian bone palaeohistology: a survey and new data with emphasis on island forms
resolves10.1126/sciadv.1602878
Inactivation of thermogenic UCP1 as a historical contingency in multiple placental mammal clades
resolves10.1038/nm.2897
Sarcolipin is a newly identified regulator of muscle-based thermogenesis in mammals
resolves10.1670/12-050
Revisiting Python Thermogenesis: Brooding Burmese Pythons (<i>Python bivittatus</i>) Cue on Body, not Clutch, Temperature
resolves10.1111/j.1469-7998.1988.tb02435.x
<b>Reptilian endothermy: a field study of thermoregulation by brooding diamond pythons</b>
resolves10.1242/jeb.026500
Fat head: an analysis of head and neck insulation in the leatherback turtle (<i>Dermochelys coriacea</i>)
resolves10.1016/j.jembe.2007.12.023
What makes marine turtles go: A review of metabolic rates and their consequences
resolves10.1038/s41586-018-0775-x
Soft-tissue evidence for homeothermy and crypsis in a Jurassic ichthyosaur
resolves10.1186/1741-7007-6-17
The brown adipocyte differentiation pathway in birds: An evolutionary road not taken
resolves10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03395-1
Cold‐induced mitochondrial uncoupling and expression of chicken UCP and ANT mRNA in chicken skeletal muscle
resolves10.1002/ar.23046
Breathing Life Into Dinosaurs: Tackling Challenges of Soft‐Tissue Restoration and Nasal Airflow in Extinct Species
resolves10.1111/brv.12157
The role of skeletal‐muscle‐based thermogenic mechanisms in vertebrate endothermy
resolves10.1098/rstb.1903.0001
I. Thermal adjustment and respiratory exchange in monotremes and marsupials.—A study in the development of homæothermism
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Skeletal Muscle Thermogenesis and Its Role in Whole Body Energy Metabolism
resolves10.2307/1936869
The Influence of Body Size on the Energetics and Distribution of Fossorial and Burrowing Mammals
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Physiological convergence amongst ant‐eating and termite‐eating mammals
resolves10.1007/BF00692920
An allometric comparison of the mitochondria of mammalian and reptilian tissues: The implications for the evolution of endothermy
resolves10.1086/303323
Parental Care: The Key to Understanding Endothermy and Other Convergent Features in Birds and Mammals
resolves10.1098/rspb.2013.0508
The nocturnal bottleneck and the evolution of activity patterns in mammals
resolves10.1146/annurev.ph.57.030195.000441
The Evolution of Endothermy in Mammals and Birds: From Physiology to Fossils
resolves10.1007/s00239-007-9020-1
Avian UCP: The Killjoy in the Evolution of the Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins
resolves10.1098/rstb.2019.0135
Uncoupling of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump activity by sarcolipin as the basis for muscle non-shivering thermogenesis
resolves10.2307/1369441
Sexual Dimorphism in Basal Metabolism and Body Temperature of a Large Bird, the Emu
resolves10.1086/342079
Evolutionary Dynamics of Intron Size, Genome Size, and Physiological Correlates in Archosaurs
resolves10.1016/j.bone.2013.08.010
Measurement, variation, and scaling of osteocyte lacunae: a case study in birds
resolves10.1098/rstb.2019.0146
The relationship between genome size and metabolic rate in extant vertebrates
resolves10.1038/nature03716
Basic avian pulmonary design and flow-through ventilation in non-avian theropod dinosaurs
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0004497
Respiratory Evolution Facilitated the Origin of Pterosaur Flight and Aerial Gigantism
resolves10.1038/nature08965
Exceptional dinosaur fossils show ontogenetic development of early feathers
resolves10.1007/s00360-016-0983-3
Unidirectional pulmonary airflow in vertebrates: a review of structure, function, and evolution
resolves10.1007/BF00002518
Endothermy in fishes: a phylogenetic analysis of constraints, predispositions, and selection pressures
resolves10.1073/pnas.1500316112
Comparative analyses of animal-tracking data reveal ecological significance of endothermy in fishes
resolves10.1139/z83-274
Distribution and relative proportions of red muscle in scombrid fishes: consequences of body size and relationships to locomotion and endothermy
resolves10.1038/s41559-018-0494-6
Explosive diversification of marine fishes at the Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary
resolves10.1656/058.009.0215
Thermoregulation by a Brooding Burmese Python (Python Molurus Bivittatus) in Florida
resolves10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.06.004
Effect of nest temperature on egg-brooding dynamics in Children's pythons
resolves10.1111/j.0014-3820.2000.tb00720.x
AN EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF THE THERMOREGULATORY HYPOTHESIS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF ENDOTHERMY
resolves10.1038/244181a0
Anatomical Evidence for a Counter-current Heat Exchanger in the Leatherback Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0013925
Behaviour and Physiology: The Thermal Strategy of Leatherback Turtles
resolves10.1098/rsbl.2015.0592
Topsy-turvy: turning the counter-current heat exchange of leatherback turtles upside down
resolves10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00137.x
Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs: the evolution of gigantism
resolves10.1371/journal.pone.0069361
Maximal Aerobic and Anaerobic Power Generation in Large Crocodiles versus Mammals: Implications for Dinosaur Gigantothermy
resolves10.14430/arctic1529
Adaptation by the Arctic Fox (<i>Alopex lagopus</i>) to the Polar Winter
resolves10.1016/j.cub.2016.10.012
Bone Microvasculature Tracks Red Blood Cell Size Diminution in Triassic Mammal and Dinosaur Forerunners
The 8 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedGlossary of terms for thermal physiology, 3rd edn
no DOI — not checkedLife in the Cold: Evolution, Mechanisms, Adaptation, and Application, Proc. 12th Int. Hibernation Symp. (Biol. Pap. Univ. Alaska
no DOI — not checkedBone microstructure and growth patterns of early mammals
no DOI — not checkedBone matrix and bone specific products. Bone
no DOI — not checkedWarm-bodied fish
no DOI — not checkedBiochemistry and molecular biology of fishes
no DOI — not checkedUnstable and stable classifications of scombroid fishes
no DOI — not checkedMolecular data support separate scombroid and xiphioid clades
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