Reference health

Model of the photon-avalanche effect

https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.48.10031
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17/17 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

4 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.

The 17 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1063/1.98316
Green infrared-pumped erbium upconversion laser
resolves10.1063/1.99681
Violet cw neodymium upconversion laser
resolves10.1016/0022-2313(90)90190-M
Excitation mechanisms for upconversion lasers
resolves10.1364/AO.28.003553
Blue-green (450-nm) upconversion Tm^3+:YLF laser
resolves10.1117/12.18393
Blue upconversion thulium laser
resolves10.1063/1.103328
Photon avalanche upconversion laser at 644 nm
resolves10.1063/1.106919
Blue continuously pumped upconversion lasing in Tm:YLiF4
resolves10.1063/1.1653816
Infrared-Pumped Visible Laser
resolves10.1063/1.101108
Dual wavelength visible upconversion laser
resolves10.1063/1.103520
Continuous-wave trio upconversion laser
resolves10.1063/1.104048
Blue and green cw upconversion lasing in Er:YLiF4
resolves10.1364/OL.17.001198
Visible cooperative upconversion laser in Er:LiYF_4
resolves10.1063/1.91044
The photon avalanche: A new phenomenon in Pr3+-based infrared quantum counters
resolves10.1364/JOSAB.6.000639
Nonlinear-optical absorption through photon avalanche
resolves10.1016/0022-2313(90)90191-D
The photon avalanche in rare-earth crystals
resolves10.1063/1.332189
10-μm samarium based quantum counter
resolves10.1364/OL.16.001424
Avalanche upconversion in Tm:YALO_3
The 4 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedPhysRevB.48.10031Cc1R1
no DOI — not checkedConference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 1990 Technical Digest Series, Vol. 7
no DOI — not checkedPhysRevB.48.10031Cc10R1
no DOI — not checkedOSA Proceedings on Advanced Solid-State Lasers
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings, or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.

checked 2026-07-22 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record

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