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Failed B cell survival factor trials support the importance of memory B cells in multiple sclerosis

31/31 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23

Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.

The 31 checked references that resolve

resolves10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.01.042

Memory B Cells are Major Targets for Effective Immunotherapy in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

resolves10.1056/NEJMoa1601277

Ocrelizumab versus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

resolves10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70028-6

Atacicept in multiple sclerosis (ATAMS): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial

resolves10.1016/j.jns.2015.02.019

ATON: Results from a Phase II randomized trial of the B-cell-targeting agent atacicept in patients with optic neuritis

resolves10.1212/WNL.90.15_supplement.P3.397

Efficacy and Safety of Tabalumab in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (P3.397)

resolves10.1093/brain/awy239

Learning from other autoimmunities to understand targeting of B cells to control multiple sclerosis

resolves10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.04.017

B cell depletion with ublituximab reshapes the T cell profile in multiple sclerosis patients

resolves10.1016/j.smim.2006.04.006

BAFF, APRIL and their receptors: Structure, function and signaling

resolves10.1016/j.jaut.2018.10.016

The role of APRIL - A proliferation inducing ligand - In autoimmune diseases and expectations from its targeting

resolves10.1182/blood-2007-09-110874

TACI, unlike BAFF-R, is solely activated by oligomeric BAFF and APRIL to support survival of activated B cells and plasmablasts

resolves10.1016/j.it.2018.07.002

Shedding of BAFF/APRIL Receptors Controls B Cells

resolves10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207653

Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous tabalumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from ILLUMINATE-1, a 52-week, phase III, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

resolves10.1002/art.27189

Effect of long‐term belimumab treatment on b cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: Extension of a phase II, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, dose‐ranging study

resolves10.1186/1471-2164-14-632

An expression atlas of human primary cells: inference of gene function from coexpression networks

resolves10.4049/jimmunol.179.11.7276

Regulated Expression of BAFF-Binding Receptors during Human B Cell Differentiation

resolves10.4049/jimmunol.173.2.807

B Cell-Activating Factor Belonging to the TNF Family (BAFF)-R Is the Principal BAFF Receptor Facilitating BAFF Costimulation of Circulating T and B Cells

resolves10.1038/ng1600

Mutations in TNFRSF13B encoding TACI are associated with common variable immunodeficiency in humans

resolves10.1073/pnas.0903543106

B-cell activating factor receptor deficiency is associated with an adult-onset antibody deficiency syndrome in humans

resolves10.4049/jimmunol.178.10.6624

A New Population of Cells Lacking Expression of CD27 Represents a Notable Component of the B Cell Memory Compartment in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

resolves10.1111/ajt.13557

Effect of Treatment With Tabalumab, a B Cell–Activating Factor Inhibitor, on Highly Sensitized Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease Awaiting Transplantation

resolves10.4049/jimmunol.1400118

Rituximab Efficiently Depletes Increased CD20-Expressing T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

resolves10.4049/jimmunol.180.6.3655

Cutting Edge: The Dependence of Plasma Cells and Independence of Memory B Cells on BAFF and APRIL

resolves10.1002/art.30372

Atacicept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to methotrexate: Results of a phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

resolves10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.12.035

B cell alterations during BAFF inhibition with belimumab in SLE

resolves10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04206.x

Reference values for B cell subpopulations from infancy to adulthood

resolves10.1172/jci.insight.122525

Belimumab promotes negative selection of activated autoreactive B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

resolves10.1016/j.jaut.2016.06.002

A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) promotes IL-10 production and regulatory functions of human B cells

resolves10.1038/s41375-018-0242-6

APRIL signaling via TACI mediates immunosuppression by T regulatory cells in multiple myeloma: therapeutic implications

resolves10.4049/jimmunol.1601746

Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Display and Shed B Cell Maturation Antigen upon TLR Engagement

resolves10.1002/ana.25415

A proliferation‐inducing ligand–mediated anti‐inflammatory response of astrocytes in multiple sclerosis

resolves10.1016/j.cyto.2018.11.008

BAFF-R and TACI expression on CD3+ T cells: Interplay among BAFF, APRIL and T helper cytokines profile in systemic lupus erythematosus

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