Reference health
Sperm-Female Coevolution in <i>Drosophila</i>
25/25 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
11 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 25 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1073/pnas.131568198
Evolutionary EST analysis identifies rapidly evolving male reproductive proteins in
<i>Drosophila</i>
resolves10.1038/381232a0
Sexually antagonistic male adaptation triggered by experimental arrest of female evolution
resolves10.1126/science.283.5399.217
Female × Male Interactions in
<i>Drosophila</i>
Sperm Competition
resolves10.1073/pnas.051605998
Positive Darwinian selection drives the evolution of several female reproductive proteins in mammals
resolves10.1098/rspb.2002.1996
Evolution of larger sperm in response to experimentally increased sperm competition in<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>
resolves10.1098/rspb.1994.0169
Associations between body size, mating pattern, testis size and sperm lengths across butterflies
resolves10.1073/pnas.92.23.10614
Delayed male maturity is a cost of producing large sperm in Drosophila.
resolves10.1098/rspb.2001.1807
Sperm competition experiments between lines of crickets producing different sperm lengths
resolves10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00903.x
Quantitative genetics of seminal receptacle length in Drosophila melanogaster
resolves10.1139/f99-164
Sperm competition and fertilization success in Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>): effect of sire size and condition factor on gamete quality
resolves10.1098/rspb.2002.2090
Harm to females increases with male body size in<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>
resolves10.1098/rspb.2001.1621
Males' evolutionary responses to experimental removal of sexual selection
The 11 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedArnqvist G., Rowe L., Evolution 56, 936 (2002).
no DOI — not checkedB. G. M. Jamieson The Ultrastructure and Phylogeny of Insect Spermatozoa (Cambridge Univ. Press Cambridge 1987).
no DOI — not checkedPitnick S., Markow T. A., Spicer G. S., Evolution 53, 1804 (1999).
no DOI — not checkedBirkhead T. R., Evolution 54, 1057 (2000).
no DOI — not checkedG. T. Miller S. Pitnick data not shown.
no DOI — not checkedFemale and male body sizes were measured. Initial analyses of P2 by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with female and male lines as main factors and male and female sizes as covariates revealed that size and its interaction with other variables were never significant and inclusion of body sizes never improved model fit. Entering the variable “remating interval” as a covariate was only justified in the analysis for the third replicate experiment.
no DOI — not checkedG. T. Miller S. Pitnick J. Evol. Biol. in press.
no DOI — not checkedS. Pitnick unpublished data.
no DOI — not checkedM. Andersson Sexual Selection (Princeton Univ. Press Princeton NJ 1994).
no DOI — not checkedSimmons L. W., Kotiaho J. S., Evolution 56, 1622 (2002).
no DOI — not checkedWe thank J. Reagan and D. Trinkaus for technical assistance and J. Alcock T. R. Birkhead A. Bjork W. D. Brown T. L. Karr L. A. McGraw M. Polak R. R. Snook W. T. Starmer and L. L. Wolf for comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Supported by NSF grants DEB-9806649 and DEB-0075307 (S.P.).
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