Reference health
Cold hardiness and geographic distribution of earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Moniligastridae)
10/10 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-22
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
23 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 10 checked references that resolve
resolves10.7868/S0044513413070039
Ranges and cold hardiness of two earthworm subspecies (<i>Eisenia nordenskioldi</i>, Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta)
resolves10.1016/0300-9629(92)90010-N
Cold hardiness strategy in cocoons of the lumbricid earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra (savigny)
resolves10.1007/BF00354083
Physiology of cold hardiness in cocoons of five earthworm taxa (Lumbricidae: Oligochaeta)
resolves10.1007/BF00346448
Dehydration of earthworm cocoons exposed to cold: a novel cold hardiness mechanism
resolves10.1007/BF00387308
Effects of dehydration on water relations and survival of lumbricid earthworm egg capsules
resolves10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.04.019
Worms from the cold: Lumbricid life stages in boreal clay during frost
resolves10.1007/s00360-002-0298-4
Geographic variation of freeze-tolerance in the earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra
resolves10.1007/s10530-006-9018-4
Invasion Patterns of Lumbricidae Into the Previously Earthworm-free Areas of Northeastern Europe and the Western Great Lakes Region of North America
The 23 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAlfimov, A.V., “Distribution of Minimum Temperatures in the Upper Soil Layer under Snow in North Eurasia,” Pochvovedenie, No. 4, 438–445 (2005).
no DOI — not checkedBerman, D.I. and Leirikh, A.N., “On the Ability of the Earthworm Eisenia nordenskioldi (Eisen) (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta) to Survive Negative Temperatures,” Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR 285(5), 1258–1261 (1985).
no DOI — not checkedBerman, D.I., Leirikh, A.N., and Meshcheryakova, E.N., “Cold Hardiness of Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) of Northern Eurasia,” in Abstracts of Papers, IV European Workshop of Invertebrate Ecophysiology (St. Petersburg, 2001), p. 71.
no DOI — not checkedBerman, D.I., Meshcheryakova, E.N., Alfimov, A.V., and Leirikh, A.N., “Distribution of the Earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta) in the Northern Holarctic is Limited by Its Insufficient Freezing Tolerance,” Zool. Zh. 81(10), 1210–1221 (2002) [Entomol. Rev. 82 (Suppl. 1), 50–61 (2002)].
no DOI — not checkedBerman, D.I., Leirikh, A.N., and Meshcheryakova, E.N., “Cold Hardiness of Different Development Stages of the Red Wiggler Worm Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae),” Zool. Zh. 88(3), 272–279 (2009).
no DOI — not checkedBerman, D.I., Meshcheryakova, E.N., and Leirikh, A.N., “Egg Cocoons of the Earthworm Dendrodrilus rubidus tenuis (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta) Survive the Liquid Nitrogen Temperature,” Doklady Ross. Akad. Nauk 434(6), 834–837 (2010a).
no DOI — not checkedBerman, D.I., Meshcheryakova, E.N., Leirikh, A.N., and Kurenshchikov, D.K., “The Range and Cold Hardiness of the Earthworm Drawida ghilarovi (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae),” Zool. Zh. 89(9), 1027–1036 (2010b).
no DOI — not checkedBerman, D.I., Alfimov, A.V., Zhigulskaya, Z.A., and Leirikh A.N., Overwintering and Cold Hardiness of Ants in the Northeast of Asia (Pensoft Publ., Sofia-Moscow, 2010c).
no DOI — not checkedEdwards, C.A. and Bohlen, P.J., Biology and Ecology of Earthworms (Chapman & Hall, London, 1996).
no DOI — not checkedGorizontova, M.N., Krasnaya, L.A., and Perel, T.S., “Observations of the Annual Distribution and Abundance of Earthworms in Soil,” Uchen. Zap. Mosk. Gorod. Ped. Inst. 65, 161–178 (1957).
no DOI — not checkedKhukhta, V., “Mortality of Potworms and Earthworms Due to Heavy Frosts,” in Adaptations of Animals to Winter Conditions (Nauka, Moscow, 1980), pp. 141–145 [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedKolevatova, A.I., “Thermal Adaptations in Earthworms,” in Biology and Use of Game Animals: Collected Papers (Perm, 1983), pp. 41–46 [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedLeirikh, A.N., Meshcheryakova, E.N., and Berman, D.I., “Mechanisms and Ecological Implications of Cold Hardiness in Cocoons of the Earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta),” Zool. Zh. 84(8), 929–936 (2005) [Entomol. Rev. 85 (Suppl. 2), 232–239 (2005)].
no DOI — not checkedMeshcheryakova, E.N., “Cold Hardiness of Cocoons of Three Species of Earthworms from the Eastern Part of Northern Europe,” in Ecological Diversity of the Soil Biota and the Bioproductivity of Soils: Proc. of IV (XIV) All-Russian Soil Zoology Workshop (Tyumen, 2005), pp. 160–161 [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedMeshcheryakova, E.N., “Cold Hardiness of the Earthworm Eiseniella tetraedra,” in Abstracts of Papers of Academician K.V. Simakov Memorial Lectures, Magadan, November 27–29, 2007 (Magadan, 2007), pp. 200–201 [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedPerel, T.S., Geographic Ranges and Distribution Trends of Earthworms in the Fauna of the USSR (with Keys to Lumbricidae and Other Megadrili) (Nauka, Moscow, 1979) [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedPerel, T.S., Bulatova, N.Sh., and Viktorov, A.G., “Chromosome Races and the Range of Eisenia altavinyteae (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae),” Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR 282(2), 499–500 (1985).
no DOI — not checkedReynolds, J.W., “The Distribution of Earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta) in North America,” Megadrilogica, No. 1, 1–6 (1995).
no DOI — not checkedSchmidt, P.Yu. and Shchepkina, T.V., “On the Problem of Anabiosis: Experiments with Earthworms,” Izv. Petrograd. Biol. Labor. 14, 1–6 (1917).
no DOI — not checkedSigida, S.I. and Prokonova, T.V., “Fauna and Ecology of Earthworms (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta) of the Caucasian Reserve,” in Collected Papers of the North Caucasian State University. Natural Sciences, No. 1 (7) (Stavropol, 2004), pp. 171–179 [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedStriganova, B.R. and Poryadina, N.M., Soil Fauna of Boreal Forests of the Western Siberian Plain (KMK Sci. Press, Moscow, 2005) [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedVsevolodova-Perel, T.S., “Distribution of Earthworms in the Northern Palaearctic (within the USSR Territory),” in Biology of Soils of Northern Europe (Nauka, Moscow, 1988), pp. 84–99 [in Russian].
no DOI — not checkedVsevolodova-Perel, T.S., Earthworms of the Fauna of Russia: Synopsis and Keys (Nauka, Moscow, 1997) [in Russian].
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