Reference health
Misleading Online Content
17/17 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-26
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
22 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 17 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01582.x
The Choice Gap: The Divergent Online News Preferences of Journalists and Consumers
resolves10.1177/1464884914524518
Revisions of the news paradigm: Changes in stylistic features between 1950 and 2008 in the journalism of Norway’s largest newspaper
resolves10.1177/1750481312471668
Towards a pragma-linguistic framework for the study of sensationalism in news headlines
resolves10.1080/1461670042000246052
Tabloid journalism and the public sphere: a historical perspective on tabloid journalism
resolves10.1177/1464884911427803
Hard and soft news: A review of concepts, operationalizations and key findings
The 22 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedAdler B. (2014 Mar 11). Tabloids in the age of social media. Columbia Journalism Review. http://www.cjr.org/news_literacy/national_enquirer_hoffman _hoax.php Adler B. (2014 Mar 11). Tabloids in the age of social media. Columbia Journalism Review. http://www.cjr.org/news_literacy/national_enquirer_hoffman _hoax.php
no DOI — not checkedAllen M. (2015). How click bait articles work http://www.thepinchandzoom.com/blog/2015/5/2/clickbait#sthash.MGkHil5p.dpuf Allen M. (2015). How click bait articles work http://www.thepinchandzoom.com/blog/2015/5/2/clickbait#sthash.MGkHil5p.dpuf
no DOI — not checkedAn emerging science of clickbait. (2015 Mar 25). MIT Review. http://www.technologyreview.com/view/536161/anemerging- science-of-clickbait An emerging science of clickbait. (2015 Mar 25). MIT Review. http://www.technologyreview.com/view/536161/anemerging- science-of-clickbait
no DOI — not checkedBarthel M. (2015). Newspapers: Fact Sheet. http://www.journalism.org/2015/04/29/newspapers-fact-sheet Barthel M. (2015). Newspapers: Fact Sheet. http://www.journalism.org/2015/04/29/newspapers-fact-sheet
no DOI — not checkedInformation Science with Impact: Research in and for the Community (ASIST2015), November 6--10, St. Louis
no DOI — not checkedChittum R. (2013 Dec 6). Audit Notes: BS as business model Larry Kudlow Third Way revealed. Columbia Review of Journalism. http://www.cjr.org/the_audit/audit_notes_bs_as_business_m od.php Chittum R. (2013 Dec 6). Audit Notes: BS as business model Larry Kudlow Third Way revealed. Columbia Review of Journalism. http://www.cjr.org/the_audit/audit_notes_bs_as_business_m od.php
no DOI — not checkedClark R. (2014). Top 8 Secrets of How to Write an Upworthy Headline. Poynter. Retrieved from .http://www.poynter.org/news/media-innovation/255886/top- 8-secrets-of-how-to-write-an-upworthy-headline/ Clark R. (2014). Top 8 Secrets of How to Write an Upworthy Headline. Poynter. Retrieved from .http://www.poynter.org/news/media-innovation/255886/top- 8-secrets-of-how-to-write-an-upworthy-headline/
no DOI — not checked'Clickbait.? (n.d.) In Oxford Dictionaries. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/clickbait 'Clickbait.? (n.d.) In Oxford Dictionaries. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/clickbait
no DOI — not checkedInformation Science with Impact: Research in and for the Community (ASIST2015), November 6--10, St. Louis
no DOI — not checkedAdvertising, Big Data, and the Clearance of the Public Realm: Marketers? New Approaches to the Content Subsidy
no DOI — not checkedJ. D. Glazier, & R. R. Powell, Qualitative research in information management (pp. 61--84).
no DOI — not checkedSynthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies (#29). Morgan & Claypool.
no DOI — not checkedSparks, C. & Tulloch, J. (Eds) Tabloid tales: Global debates over media standards, 285--300. Lanham : Rowman & Littlefield.
no DOI — not checkedPacific Asia Conference on Information Systems.
no DOI — not checkedInternational Communication Gazette.
no DOI — not checkedLary D. Nikitkov & Stone D. (2010). Which Machine- Learning Models Best Predict Online Auction Seller Deception Risk? Lary D. Nikitkov & Stone D. (2010). Which Machine- Learning Models Best Predict Online Auction Seller Deception Risk?
no DOI — not checkedO?Neil L. (2013 Dec 23). The Year We Broke the Internet. Esquire. http://www.esquire.com/newspolitics/news/a23711/we-broke-the-internet O?Neil L. (2013 Dec 23). The Year We Broke the Internet. Esquire. http://www.esquire.com/newspolitics/news/a23711/we-broke-the-internet
no DOI — not checkedDeception Detection and Credibility Assessment Symposium, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS48)
no DOI — not checkedInformation Science with Impact: Research in and for the Community (ASIST2015), November 6--10, St. Louis.
no DOI — not checkedRubin V. L. & Conroy N. J. (2012). Discerning truth from deception: Human judgements and automation efforts. First Monday 17(3--5). http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/3933. Rubin V. L. & Conroy N. J. (2012). Discerning truth from deception: Human judgements and automation efforts. First Monday 17(3--5). http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/3933.
no DOI — not checkedSandoval G. (2008 Oct 7). Who's to blame for spreading phony Jobs story? Cnet. http://www.cnet.com/news/whos-toblame- for-spreading-phony-jobs-story. Sandoval G. (2008 Oct 7). Who's to blame for spreading phony Jobs story? Cnet. http://www.cnet.com/news/whos-toblame- for-spreading-phony-jobs-story.
no DOI — not checkedSilverman C. (2015). Lies Damn Lies and Viral Content: How News Websites Spread (and Debunk) Online Rumors Unverified Claims and Misinformation. http://towcenter.org/research/lies-damn-lies-and-viralcontent. Silverman C. (2015). Lies Damn Lies and Viral Content: How News Websites Spread (and Debunk) Online Rumors Unverified Claims and Misinformation. http://towcenter.org/research/lies-damn-lies-and-viralcontent.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-07-26 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
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