Reference health
Bitcoin meets strong consistency
10/10 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-26
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
23 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 10 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1007/978-3-642-27576-0_4
Selections: Internet Voting with Over-the-Shoulder Coercion-Resistance
The 23 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedGaving Andreesen . BIP 0050 : March 2013 Chain Fork Post-Mortem . https://github.com/bitcoin/bips, 2013. {Online; accessed December 12, 2014}. Gaving Andreesen. BIP 0050: March 2013 Chain Fork Post-Mortem. https://github.com/bitcoin/bips, 2013. {Online; accessed December 12, 2014}.
no DOI — not checkedElli Androulaki , Ghassan Karame , Marc Roeschlin , Tobias Scherer , and Srdjan Capkun . Evaluating user privacy in bitcoin. IACR Cryptology e Print Archive , 2012 : 596 , 2012 . Elli Androulaki, Ghassan Karame, Marc Roeschlin, Tobias Scherer, and Srdjan Capkun. Evaluating user privacy in bitcoin. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, 2012: 596, 2012.
no DOI — not checkedAdam Back , Matt Corallo , Luke Dashjr , Mark Friedenbach , Gregory Maxwell , Andrew Miller , Andrew Poelstra , Jorge Timón , and Pieter Wuille . Enabling blockchain innovations with pegged sidechains , 2014 . Adam Back, Matt Corallo, Luke Dashjr, Mark Friedenbach, Gregory Maxwell, Andrew Miller, Andrew Poelstra, Jorge Timón, and Pieter Wuille. Enabling blockchain innovations with pegged sidechains, 2014.
no DOI — not checkedVitalik Butterin et al. A next-generation smart contract and decentralized application platform , 2014 . Vitalik Butterin et al. A next-generation smart contract and decentralized application platform, 2014.
no DOI — not checkedMiguel Castro , Barbara Liskov , A correctness proof for a practical byzantine-fault-tolerant replication algorithm. Technical report , Technical Memo , MIT Laboratory for Computer Science , 1999 . Miguel Castro, Barbara Liskov, et al. A correctness proof for a practical byzantine-fault-tolerant replication algorithm. Technical report, Technical Memo, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science, 1999.
no DOI — not checkedMiguel Castro , Barbara Liskov , Practical byzantine fault tolerance . In OSDI , 1999 . Miguel Castro, Barbara Liskov, et al. Practical byzantine fault tolerance. In OSDI, 1999.
no DOI — not checkedDavid Chaum , Amos Fiat , and Moni Naor . Untraceable electronic cash . In Advances in cryptology , 1990 . David Chaum, Amos Fiat, and Moni Naor. Untraceable electronic cash. In Advances in cryptology, 1990.
no DOI — not checkedChristian Decker and Roger Wattenhofer. Bitcoin Transaction Malleability and MtGox. In 19th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security (ESORICS) , Wroclaw, Poland , September 2014 . Christian Decker and Roger Wattenhofer. Bitcoin Transaction Malleability and MtGox. In 19th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security (ESORICS), Wroclaw, Poland, September 2014.
no DOI — not checkedChristian Decker and Roger Wattenhofer. A Fast and Scalable Payment Network with Bitcoin Duplex Micropayment Channels. In Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems (SSS) , Edmonton, Canada , 2015 . Christian Decker and Roger Wattenhofer. A Fast and Scalable Payment Network with Bitcoin Duplex Micropayment Channels. In Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems (SSS), Edmonton, Canada, 2015.
no DOI — not checkedC Dwork and M Naor . Pricing via processing or combating junk mail . Lecture Notes in Computer Science , 1992 . C Dwork and M Naor. Pricing via processing or combating junk mail. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1992.
no DOI — not checkedIttay Eyal and Emin Gün Sirer . Majority is not enough: Bitcoin mining is vulnerable. arXiv preprint arXiv:1311.0243 , 2013 . Ittay Eyal and Emin Gün Sirer. Majority is not enough: Bitcoin mining is vulnerable. arXiv preprint arXiv:1311.0243, 2013.
no DOI — not checkedJuan Garay , Aggelos Kiayias , and Nikos Leonardos . The bitcoin backbone protocol: Analysis and applications. Technical report , 2014 . Juan Garay, Aggelos Kiayias, and Nikos Leonardos. The bitcoin backbone protocol: Analysis and applications. Technical report, 2014.
no DOI — not checkedG. O. Karame , E. Androulaki , and S. Capkun . Two Bitcoins at the Price of One ? Double-Spending Attacks on Fast Payments in Bitcoin. In Computer and Communication Security , 2012 . G. O. Karame, E. Androulaki, and S. Capkun. Two Bitcoins at the Price of One? Double-Spending Attacks on Fast Payments in Bitcoin. In Computer and Communication Security, 2012.
no DOI — not checkedIan Miers , Christina Garman , Matthew Green , and Aviel D. Rubin . Zerocoin: Anonymous distributed e-cash from bitcoin . 2013 . Ian Miers, Christina Garman, Matthew Green, and Aviel D. Rubin. Zerocoin: Anonymous distributed e-cash from bitcoin. 2013.
no DOI — not checkedAndrew Miller and Joseph LaViola . Anonymous byzantine consensus from moderately-hard puzzles: A model for bitcoin . 2014 . Andrew Miller and Joseph LaViola. Anonymous byzantine consensus from moderately-hard puzzles: A model for bitcoin. 2014.
no DOI — not checkedAndrew Miller Elaine Shi Ahmed Kosba and Jonathan Katz. Preprint: Nonoutsourceable scratch-off puzzles to discourage bitcoin mining coalitions. Andrew Miller Elaine Shi Ahmed Kosba and Jonathan Katz. Preprint: Nonoutsourceable scratch-off puzzles to discourage bitcoin mining coalitions.
no DOI — not checkedSatoshi Nakamoto . Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf. {Online ; accessed March 26, 2014 }. Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf. {Online; accessed March 26, 2014}.
no DOI — not checkedF. Reid and M. Harrigan . An analysis of anonymity in the bitcoin system . In Social Computing , 2011 . F. Reid and M. Harrigan. An analysis of anonymity in the bitcoin system. In Social Computing, 2011.
no DOI — not checkedMeni Rosenfeld . Analysis of bitcoin pooled mining reward systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1112.4980 , 2011 . Meni Rosenfeld. Analysis of bitcoin pooled mining reward systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1112.4980, 2011.
no DOI — not checkedMeni Rosenfeld . Overview of colored coins. Technical report , 2012 . Meni Rosenfeld. Overview of colored coins. Technical report, 2012.
no DOI — not checkedDavid Schwartz , Noah Youngs , and Arthur Britto . The ripple protocol consensus algorithm , 2014 . David Schwartz, Noah Youngs, and Arthur Britto. The ripple protocol consensus algorithm, 2014.
no DOI — not checkedVivek Vishnumurthy , Sangeeth Chandrakumar , and Emin Gun Sirer . Karma : A secure economic framework for peer-to-peer resource sharing . In Economics of Peer-to-Peer Systems , 2003 . Vivek Vishnumurthy, Sangeeth Chandrakumar, and Emin Gun Sirer. Karma: A secure economic framework for peer-to-peer resource sharing. In Economics of Peer-to-Peer Systems, 2003.
no DOI — not checkedJR Willett , Maran Hidskes , David Johnston , Ron Gross , and Marv Schneider . The master protocol / mastercoin complete specification , 2012 . JR Willett, Maran Hidskes, David Johnston, Ron Gross, and Marv Schneider. The master protocol / mastercoin complete specification, 2012.
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