Reference health
The “anti-vax” movement: a quantitative report on vaccine beliefs and knowledge across social media
29/29 checkable references clean · checked 2026-07-23
Every reference with a DOI in the deposited reference list resolved to a known work in Crossref or DataCite at the dated check, and none carried a retraction, withdrawal, or removal notice.
12 without a DOI — not checked. A reference deposited without a DOI is never matched by title or guessed at; it stays outside the checked set, and this line discloses that.
The 29 checked references that resolve
resolves10.1016/j.puhe.2020.12.005
Online ‘anti-vax’ campaigns and COVID-19: censorship is not the solution
resolves10.3886/E120505V2
The “Anti-Vax” Movement: A Quantitative Report on Vaccine Beliefs and Knowledge across Social Media
resolves10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.02.025
Opportunities and challenges of Web 2.0 for vaccination decisions
resolves10.2196/jmir.1249
Social Media Use in the United States: Implications for Health Communication
resolves10.1016/j.jiph.2017.05.008
Knowledge and attitudes toward vaccination: A survey of Serbian students
resolves10.2196/jmir.4343
Associations Between Exposure to and Expression of Negative Opinions About Human Papillomavirus Vaccines on Social Media: An Observational Study
resolves10.1016/j.cct.2009.06.007
Performance of five two-sample location tests for skewed distributions with unequal variances
resolves10.1177/152582202237725
Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet Research Surveys: Evidence from the Literature
resolves10.1016/j.chb.2011.11.001
A tale of two sites: Twitter vs. Facebook and the personality predictors of social media usage
resolves10.1155/2012/932741
Parents’ Source of Vaccine Information and Impact on Vaccine Attitudes, Beliefs, and Nonmedical Exemptions
resolves10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.022
A postmodern Pandora's box: Anti-vaccination misinformation on the Internet
resolves10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.112
Anti-vaccine activists, Web 2.0, and the postmodern paradigm – An overview of tactics and tropes used online by the anti-vaccination movement
resolves10.1007/s10900-020-00958-x
COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the United States: A Rapid National Assessment
resolves10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.042
The State of Vaccine Confidence 2016: Global Insights Through a 67-Country Survey
resolves10.1016/j.acap.2012.06.007
Exploring the Choice to Refuse or Delay Vaccines: A National Survey of Parents of 6- Through 23-Month-Olds
resolves10.1016/S0264-410X(00)00469-2
Understanding those who do not understand: a brief review of the anti-vaccine movement
resolves10.1037/0033-2909.99.1.90
Comparison of ANOVA alternatives under variance heterogeneity and specific noncentrality structures.
resolves10.2196/jmir.7303
Social Media Use and Access to Digital Technology in US Young Adults in 2016
The 12 references without a DOI — listed, not checked
no DOI — not checkedBaltar F, Brunet I. Social research 2.0: virtual snowball sampling method using Facebook. Internet research; 2012.
no DOI — not checkedBrindha MD, Jayaseelan R, Kadeswara S. Social media reigned by information or misinformation about COVID-19: a phenomenological study. Alochana Chakra J. 2020;9(5):585–602.
no DOI — not checkedChow MYK, Danchin M, Willaby HW, Pemberton S, Leask J. Parental attitudes, beliefs, behaviours and concerns towards childhood vaccinations in Australia: a national online survey. Aust Fam Physician. 2017;46(3):145.
no DOI — not checkedDuggan M, Brenner J. The demographics of social media users, 2012, vol. 14. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project; 2013.
no DOI — not checkedFox S, Jones S. The social life of health information. Washington, DC: Pew internet & American life project; 2009.
no DOI — not checkedHilton A, Armstrong R. Statnote 6: post-hoc ANOVA tests; 2006.
no DOI — not checkedJohnson, T. P.. Snowball sampling: introduction. 2014. Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online.
no DOI — not checkedMassey, E.. A sermon against the dangerous and sinful practice of inoculation. 1722. William Meadows.
no DOI — not checkedMitra T, Counts S, Pennebaker JW. Understanding anti-vaccination attitudes in social media. In: ICWSM; 2016. p. 269–78.
no DOI — not checkedPoushter J, Bishop C, Chwe H. Social media use continues to rise in developing countries but plateaus across developed ones. Pew Res Cent. 2018;22:2–19.
no DOI — not checkedUNICEF. Tracking anti vaccination sentiment in eastern European social media networks. New York: UNICEF; 2013.
no DOI — not checkedWorld Health Organization. Considerations regarding consent in vaccinating children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years old (No. WHO/IVB/14.04): World Health Organization; 2014.
What this badge says. CiteStamped means the CHECKABLE references of this
work were clean at the dated check: each resolved to a known work in a public registry, and none
carried a retraction notice at that time. It says nothing about the quality, findings,
or importance of the work itself, and nothing about references deposited without a DOI.
checked 2026-07-23 — re-checked daily as this page is visited; titles and statuses come from Crossref and DataCite and are not part of the signed record
Embed this badge
Both snippets point at the live badge image and link back to this page. The badge re-renders from the daily check, so an embed never goes stale by more than a day of visits.
<a href="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1186/s12889-021-12114-8"><img src="https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1186/s12889-021-12114-8/badge.svg" alt="CiteStamped reference-health badge" width="460" height="64"></a>
[](https://citestamp.com/citestamped/10.1186/s12889-021-12114-8)